mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Repaint123: Fast and High-quality One Image to 3D Generation with Progressive Controllable 2D Repainting

arXiv 2312.13271 ↗First posted 20 Dec 2023cs.CVcited by 25

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Abstract (arXiv)

Recent one image to 3D generation methods commonly adopt Score Distillation Sampling (SDS). Despite the impressive results, there are multiple deficiencies including multi-view inconsistency, over-saturated and over-smoothed textures, as well as the slow generation speed. To address these deficiencies, we present Repaint123 to alleviate multi-view bias as well as texture degradation and speed up the generation process. The core idea is to combine the powerful image generation capability of the 2D diffusion model and the texture alignment ability of the repainting strategy for generating high-quality multi-view images with consistency. We further propose visibility-aware adaptive repainting strength for overlap regions to enhance the generated image quality in the repainting process. The generated high-quality and multi-view consistent images enable the use of simple Mean Square Error (MSE) loss for fast 3D content generation. We conduct extensive experiments and show that our method has a superior ability to generate high-quality 3D content with multi-view consistency and fine textures in 2 minutes from scratch. Our project page is available at https://pku-yuangroup.github.io/repaint123/.

Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 59 of its 63 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Dec 2023.

Builds on

59 of 63 references.

References · 59

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  2. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  3. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
  4. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
  5. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
  6. 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,141
  7. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
  8. 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,466
  9. 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,698
  10. 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generationcited by 3,286
  11. 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,006
  12. 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,231
38 more
  1. 2021Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 2,013
  2. 2021Plenoxels: Radiance Fields without Neural Networkscited by 1,607
  3. 2023Zero-1-to-3: Zero-shot One Image to 3D Objectcited by 1,483
  4. 2023IP-Adapter: Text Compatible Image Prompt Adapter for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,439
  5. 2023T2I-Adapter: Learning Adapters to Dig out More Controllable Ability for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,339
  6. 2022Magic3D: High-Resolution Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 1,285
  7. 2023ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillationcited by 1,207
  8. 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,204
  9. 2022Null-text Inversion for Editing Real Images using Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 1,168
  10. 2023DreamGaussian: Generative Gaussian Splatting for Efficient 3D Content Creationcited by 837
  11. 2023MasaCtrl: Tuning-Free Mutual Self-Attention Control for Consistent Image Synthesis and Editingcited by 722
  12. 2022Point-E: A System for Generating 3D Point Clouds from Complex Promptscited by 694
  13. 2023Fantasia3D: Disentangling Geometry and Appearance for High-quality Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 684
  14. 2023Wonder3D: Single Image to 3D using Cross-Domain Diffusioncited by 682
  15. 2023SyncDreamer: Generating Multiview-consistent Images from a Single-view Imagecited by 638
  16. 2022Google Scanned Objects: A High-Quality Dataset of 3D Scanned Household Itemscited by 601
  17. 2022Score Jacobian Chaining: Lifting Pretrained 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Generationcited by 597
  18. 2023One-2-3-45: Any Single Image to 3D Mesh in 45 Seconds without Per-Shape Optimizationcited by 555
  19. 2021Baking Neural Radiance Fields for Real-Time View Synthesiscited by 465
  20. 2023Neuralangelo: High-Fidelity Neural Surface Reconstructioncited by 464
  21. 2021Deep Marching Tetrahedra: a Hybrid Representation for High-Resolution 3D Shape Synthesiscited by 459
  22. 2023Magic123: One Image to High-Quality 3D Object Generation Using Both 2D and 3D Diffusion Priorscited by 395
  23. 2023Shap-E: Generating Conditional 3D Implicit Functionscited by 379
  24. 2023Make-It-3D: High-Fidelity 3D Creation from A Single Image with Diffusion Priorcited by 341
  25. 2022MobileNeRF: Exploiting the Polygon Rasterization Pipeline for Efficient Neural Field Rendering on Mobile Architecturescited by 308
  26. 2023RealFusion: 360deg Reconstruction of Any Object from a Single Imagecited by 305
  27. 2023TEXTure: Text-Guided Texturing of 3D Shapescited by 303
  28. 2023Text-to-3D using Gaussian Splattingcited by 299
  29. 2023DreamBooth3D: Subject-Driven Text-to-3D Generationcited by 235
  30. 2021Point-Based Neural Rendering with Per-View Optimizationcited by 188
  31. 2022NeuralLift-360: Lifting An In-the-wild 2D Photo to A 3D Object with 360deg Viewscited by 148
  32. 2023Re-imagine the Negative Prompt Algorithm: Transform 2D Diffusion into 3D, alleviate Janus problem and Beyondcited by 139
  33. 2018The Contextual Loss for Image Transformation with Non-Aligned Datacited by 135
  34. 2023TextMesh: Generation of Realistic 3D Meshes From Text Promptscited by 135
  35. 2023Let 2D Diffusion Model Know 3D-Consistency for Robust Text-to-3D Generationcited by 133
  36. 2023Viewset Diffusion: (0-)Image-Conditioned 3D Generative Models from 2D Datacited by 113
  37. 2023Anything-3D: Towards Single-view Anything Reconstruction in the Wildcited by 91
  38. 2023Neural Point Catacaustics for Novel-View Synthesis of Reflectionscited by 81

50 most cited of 59 All 59 (JSON)

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 19; 2025: 6.

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  1. 2024A Survey on 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 221
  2. 2024Recent Advances in 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 130
  3. 20243D Gaussian Splatting: Survey, Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunitiescited by 77
  4. 2024DreamMat: High-quality PBR Material Generation with Geometry- and Light-aware Diffusion Modelscited by 50
  5. 2024REPARO: Compositional 3D Assets Generation with Differentiable 3D Layout Alignmentcited by 45
  6. 2024Cycle3D: High-quality and Consistent Image-to-3D Generation via Generation-Reconstruction Cyclecited by 36
  7. 2024Make-Your-3D: Fast and Consistent Subject-Driven 3D Content Generationcited by 32
  8. 2024Collaborative Control for Geometry-Conditioned PBR Image Generationcited by 22
  9. 2024DreamCar: Leveraging Car-specific Prior for in-the-wild 3D Car Reconstructioncited by 15
  10. 2025NeuralGS: Bridging Neural Fields and 3D Gaussian Splatting for Compact 3D Representationscited by 13
  11. 2024Envision3D: One Image to 3D with Anchor Views Interpolationcited by 12
  12. 2024FlexiDreamer: Single Image-to-3D Generation with FlexiCubescited by 12
13 more
  1. 2024LiftImage3D: Lifting Any Single Image to 3D Gaussians with Video Generation Priorscited by 11
  2. 2024Zero-to-Hero: Enhancing Zero-Shot Novel View Synthesis via Attention Map Filteringcited by 9
  3. 2024FlexiTex: Enhancing Texture Generation via Visual Guidancecited by 8
  4. 2024DreamScape: 3D Scene Creation via Gaussian Splatting joint Correlation Modelingcited by 7
  5. 2024Fancy123: One Image to High-Quality 3D Mesh Generation via Plug-and-Play Deformationcited by 7
  6. 2025Digital Twin Generation from Visual Data: A Surveycited by 7
  7. 2025Elevating 3D Models: High-Quality Texture and Geometry Refinement from a Low-Quality Modelcited by 7
  8. 2025GS2E: Gaussian Splatting is an Effective Data Generator for Event Stream Generationcited by 6
  9. 2025E-4DGS: High-Fidelity Dynamic Reconstruction from the Multi-view Event Camerascited by 6
  10. 2024GeoGS3D: Single-view 3D Reconstruction via Geometric-aware Diffusion Model and Gaussian Splattingcited by 5
  11. 2024Sketch3D: Style-Consistent Guidance for Sketch-to-3D Generationcited by 4
  12. 2024Jointly Generating Multi-view Consistent PBR Textures using Collaborative Controlcited by 4
  13. 2025Breaking the Vicious Cycle: Coherent 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse and Motion-Blurred Viewscited by 3

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025MVPainter: Accurate and Detailed 3D Texture Generation via Multi-View Diffusion with Geometric Control
  2. 2023Paint3D: Paint Anything 3D with Lighting-Less Texture Diffusion Models
  3. 2023One-2-3-45++: Fast Single Image to 3D Objects with Consistent Multi-View Generation and 3D Diffusion
  4. 2025CaPa: Carve-n-Paint Synthesis for Efficient 4K Textured Mesh Generation
  5. 2024Direct and Explicit 3D Generation from a Single Image
  6. 2023DreamCraft3D: Hierarchical 3D Generation with Bootstrapped Diffusion Prior
  7. 2025Art3D: Training-Free 3D Generation from Flat-Colored Illustration
  8. 2024Consistency^2: Consistent and Fast 3D Painting with Latent Consistency Models