Ctrl-Room: Controllable Text-to-3D Room Meshes Generation with Layout Constraints
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Text-driven 3D indoor scene generation is useful for gaming, the film industry, and AR/VR applications. However, existing methods cannot faithfully capture the room layout, nor do they allow flexible editing of individual objects in the room. To address these problems, we present Ctrl-Room, which can generate convincing 3D rooms with designer-style layouts and high-fidelity textures from just a text prompt. Moreover, Ctrl-Room enables versatile interactive editing operations such as resizing or moving individual furniture items. Our key insight is to separate the modeling of layouts and appearance. Our proposed method consists of two stages: a Layout Generation Stage and an Appearance Generation Stage. The Layout Generation Stage trains a text-conditional diffusion model to learn the layout distribution with our holistic scene code parameterization. Next, the Appearance Generation Stage employs a fine-tuned ControlNet to produce a vivid panoramic image of the room guided by the 3D scene layout and text prompt. We thus achieve a high-quality 3D room generation with convincing layouts and lively textures. Benefiting from the scene code parameterization, we can easily edit the generated room model through our mask-guided editing module, without expensive edit-specific training. Extensive experiments on the Structured3D dataset demonstrate that our method outperforms existing methods in producing more reasonable, view-consistent, and editable 3D rooms from natural language prompts.
Key facts. Cited by 60 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 45 of its 60 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Oct 2023.
Builds on
45 of 60 references.
References · 45
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,713
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
- 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,355
- 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,503
- 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,761
- 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,025
- 2016Improved Techniques for Training GANscited by 2,970
- 2022Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Controlcited by 2,431
- 2022Magic3D: High-Resolution Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 1,290
- 2023ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillationcited by 1,219
33 more
- 2022Imagic: Text-Based Real Image Editing with Diffusion Modelscited by 1,178
- 2022Point-E: A System for Generating 3D Point Clouds from Complex Promptscited by 699
- 2023Fantasia3D: Disentangling Geometry and Appearance for High-quality Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 687
- 2023The Dawn of LMMs: Preliminary Explorations with GPT-4V(ision)cited by 681
- 2022Score Jacobian Chaining: Lifting Pretrained 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Generationcited by 597
- 2021Deep Marching Tetrahedra: a Hybrid Representation for High-Resolution 3D Shape Synthesiscited by 460
- 2023Emergent Correspondence from Image Diffusioncited by 446
- 2023Shap-E: Generating Conditional 3D Implicit Functionscited by 385
- 20203D-FRONT: 3D Furnished Rooms with layOuts and semaNTicscited by 380
- 2023DragDiffusion: Harnessing Diffusion Models for Interactive Point-based Image Editingcited by 294
- 2019Structured3D: A Large Photo-realistic Dataset for Structured 3D Modelingcited by 286
- 2023Text2Room: Extracting Textured 3D Meshes from 2D Text-to-Image Modelscited by 245
- 2023MVDiffusion: Enabling Holistic Multi-view Image Generation with Correspondence-Aware Diffusioncited by 212
- 2021ATISS: Autoregressive Transformers for Indoor Scene Synthesiscited by 200
- 2023DragonDiffusion: Enabling Drag-style Manipulation on Diffusion Modelscited by 195
- 2018Text2Shape: Generating Shapes from Natural Language by Learning Joint Embeddingscited by 169
- 2020SceneFormer: Indoor Scene Generation with Transformerscited by 158
- 2022GAUDI: A Neural Architect for Immersive 3D Scene Generationcited by 136
- 2023Let 2D Diffusion Model Know 3D-Consistency for Robust Text-to-3D Generationcited by 133
- 2019LayoutGAN: Generating Graphic Layouts with Wireframe Discriminatorscited by 131
- 2020LayoutTransformer: Layout Generation and Completion with Self-attentioncited by 123
- 2023Text2NeRF: Text-Driven 3D Scene Generation with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 123
- 2019LayoutVAE: Stochastic Scene Layout Generation From a Label Setcited by 119
- 2019HorizonNet: Learning Room Layout with 1D Representation and Pano Stretch Data Augmentationcited by 108
- 2022PanoFormer: Panorama Transformer for Indoor 360 Depth Estimationcited by 95
- 2019COCO-GAN: Generation by Parts via Conditional Coordinatingcited by 67
- 2023Guided Image Synthesis via Initial Image Editing in Diffusion Modelcited by 63
- 2021InfinityGAN: Towards Infinite-Pixel Image Synthesiscited by 61
- 2023CC3D: Layout-Conditioned Generation of Compositional 3D Scenescited by 58
- 2023RoomDreamer: Text-Driven 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis with Coherent Geometry and Texturecited by 53
- 2023EGformer: Equirectangular Geometry-biased Transformer for 360 Depth Estimationcited by 43
- 2022Text2Light: Zero-Shot Text-Driven HDR Panorama Generationcited by 24
- 2023Conditional 360-degree Image Synthesis for Immersive Indoor Scene Decorationcited by 9
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 20; 2025: 25; 2026: 14.
60 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2024URDFormer: A Pipeline for Constructing Articulated Simulation Environments from Real-World Imagescited by 111
- 2024I-Design: Personalized LLM Interior Designercited by 87
- 2024BlockFusion: Expandable 3D Scene Generation using Latent Tri-plane Extrapolationcited by 83
- 2024DreamScene360: Unconstrained Text-to-3D Scene Generation with Panoramic Gaussian Splattingcited by 82
- 2023ControlRoom3D: Room Generation using Semantic Proxy Roomscited by 56
- 2025MetaSpatial: Reinforcing 3D Spatial Reasoning in VLMs for the Metaversecited by 51
- 2024Lexicon3D: Probing Visual Foundation Models for Complex 3D Scene Understandingcited by 49
- 2024SceneCraft: Layout-Guided 3D Scene Generationcited by 41
- 2024LLplace: The 3D Indoor Scene Layout Generation and Editing via Large Language Modelcited by 34
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediarycited by 28
- 2024Frankenstein: Generating Semantic-Compositional 3D Scenes in One Tri-Planecited by 26
- 2024FastScene: Text-Driven Fast 3D Indoor Scene Generation via Panoramic Gaussian Splattingcited by 24
38 more
- 2024SceneFactor: Factored Latent 3D Diffusion for Controllable 3D Scene Generationcited by 24
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Surveycited by 24
- 2025DiT360: High-Fidelity Panoramic Image Generation via Hybrid Trainingcited by 24
- 2024Sketch2Scene: Automatic Generation of Interactive 3D Game Scenes from User's Casual Sketchescited by 21
- 2025MMGDreamer: Mixed-Modality Graph for Geometry-Controllable 3D Indoor Scene Generationcited by 19
- 2025WorldGen: From Text to Traversable and Interactive 3D Worldscited by 19
- 2024PanoFree: Tuning-Free Holistic Multi-view Image Generation with Cross-view Self-Guidancecited by 18
- 2024Pano2Room: Novel View Synthesis from a Single Indoor Panoramacited by 16
- 2024RoomTex: Texturing Compositional Indoor Scenes via Iterative Inpaintingcited by 14
- 2025SPATIALGEN: Layout-guided 3D Indoor Scene Generationcited by 14
- 2025Layout2Scene: 3D Semantic Layout Guided Scene Generation via Geometry and Appearance Diffusion Priorscited by 13
- 2024Taming Stable Diffusion for Text to 360deg Panorama Image Generationcited by 12
- 2024HouseCrafter: Lifting Floorplans to 3D Scenes with 2D Diffusion Modelcited by 9
- 2025Controllable 3D Outdoor Scene Generation via Scene Graphscited by 9
- 2026SimWorlds: A Multi-Agent System for Dynamic 3D Scene Creationcited by 8
- 2024DreamScape: 3D Scene Creation via Gaussian Splatting joint Correlation Modelingcited by 7
- 2025ReSpace: Text-Driven Autoregressive 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis and Editingcited by 6
- 2025LACONIC: A 3D Layout Adapter for Controllable Image Creationcited by 6
- 2025SemLayoutDiff: Semantic Layout Generation with Diffusion Model for Indoor Scene Synthesiscited by 6
- 2024SpaceBlender: Creating Context-Rich Collaborative Spaces Through Generative 3D Scene Blendingcited by 3
- 2025CymbaDiff: Structured Spatial Diffusion for Sketch-based 3D Semantic Urban Scene Generationcited by 3
- 2026Edit-As-Act: Goal-Regressive Planning for Open-Vocabulary 3D Indoor Scene Editingcited by 3
- 2024Prim2Room: Layout-Controllable Room Mesh Generation from Primitivescited by 2
- 2025DreamAnywhere: Object-Centric Panoramic 3D Scene Generationcited by 2
- 2025AutoScape: Geometry-Consistent Long-Horizon Scene Generationcited by 2
- 2024Style-Consistent 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis with Decoupled Objectscited by 1
- 2025Programmable-Room: Interactive Textured 3D Room Meshes Generation Empowered by Large Language Modelscited by 1
- 2025A Database-Driven Framework for 3D Level Generation with LLMscited by 1
- 2025MetaFind: Scene-Aware 3D Asset Retrieval for Coherent Metaverse Scene Generationcited by 1
- 2025MVRoom: Controllable 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Multi-View Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2026RoamScene3D: Immersive Text-to-3D Scene Generation via Adaptive Object-aware Roamingcited by 1
- 2026HOG-Layout: Hierarchical 3D Scene Generation, Optimization and Editing via Vision-Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026Co-generation of Layout and Shape from Text via Autoregressive 3D Diffusioncited by 1
- 20263D Generation for Embodied AI and Robotic Simulation: A Surveycited by 1
- 2025LPA3D: 3D Room-Level Scene Generation from In-the-Wild Imagescited by 0
- 2025Text To 3D Object Generation For Scalable Room Assemblycited by 0
- 2025Top2Pano: Learning to Generate Indoor Panoramas from Top-Down Viewcited by 0
- 2025DreamLifting: A Plug-in Module Lifting MV Diffusion Models for 3D Asset Generationcited by 0
50 most cited of 60 All 60 (JSON)
- 2026ScenePlacer: Reformulating Scene-Level Object Pose Estimation as Visibility Field Learning11 Oct 2026
- 2026ScenePilot: Grow-and-Repair Policy for Text-Driven 3D Indoor Scene Generation31 Aug 2026
- 2026Enhancing In-context Panoramic Generation via Geometric-aware Pretraining9 Jul 2026
- 2026Text-Driven 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis in Non-Manhattan Environments2 Jul 2026
- 2026SimWorlds: A Multi-Agent System for Dynamic 3D Scene Creation2 Jul 2026
- 2026Native3D: End-to-End 3D Scene Generation via Unified Mesh-Texture Modeling and Semantic Alignment5 Jun 2026
- 2026DecoRec: Decomposed 3D Scene Reconstruction from Single-View Images via Object-Level Diffusion16 May 2026
- 20263D Generation for Embodied AI and Robotic Simulation: A Survey29 Apr 2026
- 2026Co-generation of Layout and Shape from Text via Autoregressive 3D Diffusion17 Apr 2026
- 2026HOG-Layout: Hierarchical 3D Scene Generation, Optimization and Editing via Vision-Language Models12 Apr 2026
- 2026Text-to-Stage: Spatial Layouts from Long-form Narratives18 Mar 2026
- 2026Edit-As-Act: Goal-Regressive Planning for Open-Vocabulary 3D Indoor Scene Editing18 Mar 2026
38 more
- 2026Scene Generation at Absolute Scale: Utilizing Semantic and Geometric Guidance From Text for Accurate and Interpretable 3D Indoor Scene Generation14 Mar 2026
- 2026RoamScene3D: Immersive Text-to-3D Scene Generation via Adaptive Object-aware Roaming27 Jan 2026
- 2025RoomPilot: Controllable Indoor Scene Synthesis via Multimodal Semantic Parsing12 Dec 2025
- 2025MVRoom: Controllable 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Multi-View Diffusion Models3 Dec 2025
- 2025FilmSceneDesigner: Chaining Set Design for Procedural Film Scene Generation24 Nov 2025
- 2025WorldGen: From Text to Traversable and Interactive 3D Worlds20 Nov 2025
- 2025AutoScape: Geometry-Consistent Long-Horizon Scene Generation23 Oct 2025
- 2025CymbaDiff: Structured Spatial Diffusion for Sketch-based 3D Semantic Urban Scene Generation15 Oct 2025
- 2025DiT360: High-Fidelity Panoramic Image Generation via Hybrid Training13 Oct 2025
- 2025MetaFind: Scene-Aware 3D Asset Retrieval for Coherent Metaverse Scene Generation5 Oct 2025
- 2025SPATIALGEN: Layout-guided 3D Indoor Scene Generation18 Sep 2025
- 2025DreamLifting: A Plug-in Module Lifting MV Diffusion Models for 3D Asset Generation9 Sep 2025
- 2025SemLayoutDiff: Semantic Layout Generation with Diffusion Model for Indoor Scene Synthesis26 Aug 2025
- 2025A Database-Driven Framework for 3D Level Generation with LLMs25 Aug 2025
- 2025Top2Pano: Learning to Generate Indoor Panoramas from Top-Down View28 Jul 2025
- 2025LACONIC: A 3D Layout Adapter for Controllable Image Creation4 Jul 2025
- 2025DreamAnywhere: Object-Centric Panoramic 3D Scene Generation25 Jun 2025
- 2025Programmable-Room: Interactive Textured 3D Room Meshes Generation Empowered by Large Language Models21 Jun 2025
- 2025ReSpace: Text-Driven Autoregressive 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis and Editing3 Jun 2025
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediary31 May 2025
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Survey8 May 2025
- 2025Text To 3D Object Generation For Scalable Room Assembly12 Apr 2025
- 2025LPA3D: 3D Room-Level Scene Generation from In-the-Wild Images3 Apr 2025
- 2025MetaSpatial: Reinforcing 3D Spatial Reasoning in VLMs for the Metaverse24 Mar 2025
- 2025Controllable 3D Outdoor Scene Generation via Scene Graphs10 Mar 2025
- 2025MMGDreamer: Mixed-Modality Graph for Geometry-Controllable 3D Indoor Scene Generation9 Feb 2025
- 2025Layout2Scene: 3D Semantic Layout Guided Scene Generation via Geometry and Appearance Diffusion Priors5 Jan 2025
- 2024SceneFactor: Factored Latent 3D Diffusion for Controllable 3D Scene Generation2 Dec 2024
- 2024SceneCraft: Layout-Guided 3D Scene Generation11 Oct 2024
- 2024SpaceBlender: Creating Context-Rich Collaborative Spaces Through Generative 3D Scene Blending20 Sep 2024
- 2024Prim2Room: Layout-Controllable Room Mesh Generation from Primitives9 Sep 2024
- 2024Lexicon3D: Probing Visual Foundation Models for Complex 3D Scene Understanding5 Sep 2024
- 2024Pano2Room: Novel View Synthesis from a Single Indoor Panorama21 Aug 2024
- 2024Sketch2Scene: Automatic Generation of Interactive 3D Game Scenes from User's Casual Sketches8 Aug 2024
- 2024PanoFree: Tuning-Free Holistic Multi-view Image Generation with Cross-view Self-Guidance4 Aug 2024
- 2024HouseCrafter: Lifting Floorplans to 3D Scenes with 2D Diffusion Model28 Jun 2024
- 2024LLplace: The 3D Indoor Scene Layout Generation and Editing via Large Language Model6 Jun 2024
- 2024RoomTex: Texturing Compositional Indoor Scenes via Iterative Inpainting4 Jun 2024
50 newest of 60 All 60 (JSON)
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Surveycited by 24
- 2024RoomTex: Texturing Compositional Indoor Scenes via Iterative Inpaintingcited by 14
- 2025Layout2Scene: 3D Semantic Layout Guided Scene Generation via Geometry and Appearance Diffusion Priorscited by 13
- 2024Taming Stable Diffusion for Text to 360deg Panorama Image Generationcited by 12
- 2024HouseCrafter: Lifting Floorplans to 3D Scenes with 2D Diffusion Modelcited by 9
- 2024DreamScape: 3D Scene Creation via Gaussian Splatting joint Correlation Modelingcited by 7
- 2025SemLayoutDiff: Semantic Layout Generation with Diffusion Model for Indoor Scene Synthesiscited by 6
- 2025AutoScape: Geometry-Consistent Long-Horizon Scene Generationcited by 2
- 2025MVRoom: Controllable 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Multi-View Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2025DreamLifting: A Plug-in Module Lifting MV Diffusion Models for 3D Asset Generationcited by 0
- 2026Scene Generation at Absolute Scale: Utilizing Semantic and Geometric Guidance From Text for Accurate and Interpretable 3D Indoor Scene Generationcited by 0
- 2026Scene Generation at Absolute Scale: Utilizing Semantic and Geometric Guidance From Text for Accurate and Interpretable 3D Indoor Scene Generation14 Mar 2026
- 2025MVRoom: Controllable 3D Indoor Scene Generation with Multi-View Diffusion Models3 Dec 2025
- 2025AutoScape: Geometry-Consistent Long-Horizon Scene Generation23 Oct 2025
- 2025DreamLifting: A Plug-in Module Lifting MV Diffusion Models for 3D Asset Generation9 Sep 2025
- 2025SemLayoutDiff: Semantic Layout Generation with Diffusion Model for Indoor Scene Synthesis26 Aug 2025
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Survey8 May 2025
- 2025Layout2Scene: 3D Semantic Layout Guided Scene Generation via Geometry and Appearance Diffusion Priors5 Jan 2025
- 2024HouseCrafter: Lifting Floorplans to 3D Scenes with 2D Diffusion Model28 Jun 2024
- 2024RoomTex: Texturing Compositional Indoor Scenes via Iterative Inpainting4 Jun 2024
- 2024DreamScape: 3D Scene Creation via Gaussian Splatting joint Correlation Modeling14 Apr 2024
- 2024Taming Stable Diffusion for Text to 360deg Panorama Image Generation11 Apr 2024
- 2025Controllable 3D Outdoor Scene Generation via Scene Graphs10 Mar 2025
- 2024URDFormer: A Pipeline for Constructing Articulated Simulation Environments from Real-World Imagescited by 111
- 2024I-Design: Personalized LLM Interior Designercited by 87
- 2024BlockFusion: Expandable 3D Scene Generation using Latent Tri-plane Extrapolationcited by 83
- 2024DreamScene360: Unconstrained Text-to-3D Scene Generation with Panoramic Gaussian Splattingcited by 82
- 2023ControlRoom3D: Room Generation using Semantic Proxy Roomscited by 56
- 2024Lexicon3D: Probing Visual Foundation Models for Complex 3D Scene Understandingcited by 49
- 2024SceneCraft: Layout-Guided 3D Scene Generationcited by 41
- 2024LLplace: The 3D Indoor Scene Layout Generation and Editing via Large Language Modelcited by 34
- 2025ArtiScene: Language-Driven Artistic 3D Scene Generation Through Image Intermediarycited by 28
- 2024Frankenstein: Generating Semantic-Compositional 3D Scenes in One Tri-Planecited by 26
- 2024FastScene: Text-Driven Fast 3D Indoor Scene Generation via Panoramic Gaussian Splattingcited by 24
- 2024SceneFactor: Factored Latent 3D Diffusion for Controllable 3D Scene Generationcited by 24
12 most cited of 43 All 43 (JSON)
- 2026ScenePlacer: Reformulating Scene-Level Object Pose Estimation as Visibility Field Learning11 Oct 2026
- 2026Enhancing In-context Panoramic Generation via Geometric-aware Pretraining9 Jul 2026
- 2026Text-Driven 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis in Non-Manhattan Environments2 Jul 2026
- 2026Native3D: End-to-End 3D Scene Generation via Unified Mesh-Texture Modeling and Semantic Alignment5 Jun 2026
- 2026DecoRec: Decomposed 3D Scene Reconstruction from Single-View Images via Object-Level Diffusion16 May 2026
- 20263D Generation for Embodied AI and Robotic Simulation: A Survey29 Apr 2026
- 2026Co-generation of Layout and Shape from Text via Autoregressive 3D Diffusion17 Apr 2026
- 2026Edit-As-Act: Goal-Regressive Planning for Open-Vocabulary 3D Indoor Scene Editing18 Mar 2026
- 2026RoamScene3D: Immersive Text-to-3D Scene Generation via Adaptive Object-aware Roaming27 Jan 2026
- 2025RoomPilot: Controllable Indoor Scene Synthesis via Multimodal Semantic Parsing12 Dec 2025
- 2025FilmSceneDesigner: Chaining Set Design for Procedural Film Scene Generation24 Nov 2025
- 2025WorldGen: From Text to Traversable and Interactive 3D Worlds20 Nov 2025
12 newest of 43 All 43 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024Build-A-Scene: Interactive 3D Layout Control for Diffusion-Based Image Generation
- 2025RoomCraft: Controllable and Complete 3D Indoor Scene Generation
- 2023ShowRoom3D: Text to High-Quality 3D Room Generation Using 3D Priors
- 2023DiffInDScene: Diffusion-based High-Quality 3D Indoor Scene Generation
- 2025SceneLCM: End-to-End Layout-Guided Interactive Indoor Scene Generation with Latent Consistency Model
- 2025M3DLayout: A Multi-Source Dataset of 3D Indoor Layouts and Structured Descriptions for 3D Generation
- 2025Direct Numerical Layout Generation for 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis via Spatial Reasoning
- 2024RoomPainter: View-Integrated Diffusion for Consistent Indoor Scene Texturing