LipSync3D: Data-Efficient Learning of Personalized 3D Talking Faces from Video using Pose and Lighting Normalization
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this paper, we present a video-based learning framework for animating personalized 3D talking faces from audio. We introduce two training-time data normalizations that significantly improve data sample efficiency. First, we isolate and represent faces in a normalized space that decouples 3D geometry, head pose, and texture. This decomposes the prediction problem into regressions over the 3D face shape and the corresponding 2D texture atlas. Second, we leverage facial symmetry and approximate albedo constancy of skin to isolate and remove spatio-temporal lighting variations. Together, these normalizations allow simple networks to generate high fidelity lip-sync videos under novel ambient illumination while training with just a single speaker-specific video. Further, to stabilize temporal dynamics, we introduce an auto-regressive approach that conditions the model on its previous visual state. Human ratings and objective metrics demonstrate that our method outperforms contemporary state-of-the-art audio-driven video reenactment benchmarks in terms of realism, lip-sync and visual quality scores. We illustrate several applications enabled by our framework.
Key facts. Cited by 67 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 46 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Jun 2021.
Builds on
22 of 46 references.
References · 22
- 2020A Lip Sync Expert Is All You Need for Speech to Lip Generation In The Wildcited by 669
- 2020Face2Face: Real-time Face Capture and Reenactment of RGB Videoscited by 631
- 2014Deep Speech: Scaling up end-to-end speech recognitioncited by 354
- 2015Deep multi-scale video prediction beyond mean square errorcited by 297
- 2018Deep Video Portraitscited by 265
- 2019Capture, Learning, and Synthesis of 3D Speaking Stylescited by 257
- 2019Hierarchical Cross-Modal Talking Face Generationwith Dynamic Pixel-Wise Losscited by 252
- 2019Neural Voice Puppetry: Audio-driven Facial Reenactmentcited by 249
- 2018Talking Face Generation by Adversarially Disentangled Audio-Visual Representationcited by 212
- 2018X2Face: A network for controlling face generation by using images, audio, and pose codescited by 189
- 2018Lip Movements Generation at a Glancecited by 154
- 2019Realistic Speech-Driven Facial Animation with GANscited by 142
10 more
- 2019Text-based Editing of Talking-head Videocited by 102
- 2017You said that?cited by 99
- 2020Towards Automatic Face-to-Face Translationcited by 95
- 2018Hierarchical Generative Modeling for Controllable Speech Synthesiscited by 93
- 2020Everybody's Talkin': Let Me Talk as You Wantcited by 83
- 2016LipNet: End-to-End Sentence-level Lipreadingcited by 79
- 2019Real-time Facial Surface Geometry from Monocular Video on Mobile GPUscited by 72
- 2018VisemeNet: Audio-Driven Animator-Centric Speech Animationcited by 62
- 2020Modality Dropout for Improved Performance-driven Talking Facescited by 32
- 2019Animating Face using Disentangled Audio Representationscited by 23
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 18; 2023: 31; 2024: 9; 2025: 5; 2026: 1.
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- 2021FaceFormer: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Transformerscited by 208
- 2023CodeTalker: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Discrete Motion Priorcited by 183
- 2022StyleHEAT: One-Shot High-Resolution Editable Talking Face Generation via Pre-trained StyleGANcited by 169
- 2023Diffused Heads: Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Talking-Face Generationcited by 142
- 2022VideoReTalking: Audio-based Lip Synchronization for Talking Head Video Editing In the Wildcited by 106
- 2023StyleTalk: One-shot Talking Head Generation with Controllable Speaking Stylescited by 92
- 2023StyleSync: High-Fidelity Generalized and Personalized Lip Sync in Style-based Generatorcited by 89
- 2021One-shot Talking Face Generation from Single-speaker Audio-Visual Correlation Learningcited by 87
- 2022DFA-NeRF: Personalized Talking Head Generation via Disentangled Face Attributes Neural Renderingcited by 80
- 2022Imitator: Personalized Speech-driven 3D Facial Animationcited by 73
- 2023DINet: Deformation Inpainting Network for Realistic Face Visually Dubbing on High Resolution Videocited by 73
- 2023SelfTalk: A Self-Supervised Commutative Training Diagram to Comprehend 3D Talking Facescited by 67
38 more
- 2023Diff2Lip: Audio Conditioned Diffusion Models for Lip-Synchronizationcited by 49
- 2023DAE-Talker: High Fidelity Speech-Driven Talking Face Generation with Diffusion Autoencodercited by 48
- 2023GAIA: Zero-shot Talking Avatar Generationcited by 43
- 2022Sound-Guided Semantic Video Generationcited by 35
- 2022Masked Lip-Sync Prediction by Audio-Visual Contextual Exploitation in Transformerscited by 33
- 2024Dyadic Interaction Modeling for Social Behavior Generationcited by 32
- 2022DAD-3DHeads: A Large-scale Dense, Accurate and Diverse Dataset for 3D Head Alignment from a Single Imagecited by 31
- 2023MODA: Mapping-Once Audio-driven Portrait Animation with Dual Attentionscited by 29
- 2023Speech Driven Video Editing via an Audio-Conditioned Diffusion Modelcited by 28
- 2022Memories are One-to-Many Mapping Alleviators in Talking Face Generationcited by 22
- 2022Deep Learning for Visual Speech Analysis: A Surveycited by 21
- 2022Talking Face Generation with Multilingual TTScited by 18
- 2022Face-Dubbing++: Lip-Synchronous, Voice Preserving Translation of Videoscited by 18
- 2023ReactFace: Online Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation in Dyadic Interactionscited by 17
- 2022Human Detection of Political Speech Deepfakes across Transcripts, Audio, and Videocited by 16
- 2022Talking Head from Speech Audio using a Pre-trained Image Generatorcited by 16
- 2023MFR-Net: Multi-faceted Responsive Listening Head Generation via Denoising Diffusion Modelcited by 16
- 2022Equivariance and Invariance Inductive Bias for Learning from Insufficient Datacited by 14
- 2022StyleTalker: One-shot Style-based Audio-driven Talking Head Video Generationcited by 14
- 2023MixSpeech: Cross-Modality Self-Learning with Audio-Visual Stream Mixup for Visual Speech Translation and Recognitioncited by 14
- 2022Continuously Controllable Facial Expression Editing in Talking Face Videoscited by 13
- 2023DreamTalk: When Emotional Talking Head Generation Meets Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 13
- 2021More than Words: In-the-Wild Visually-Driven Prosody for Text-to-Speechcited by 12
- 2024StyleTalk++: A Unified Framework for Controlling the Speaking Styles of Talking Headscited by 11
- 2022StableFace: Analyzing and Improving Motion Stability for Talking Face Generationcited by 9
- 2023SingingHead: A Large-scale 4D Dataset for Singing Head Animationcited by 9
- 2024Towards Image Ambient Lighting Normalizationcited by 9
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactionscited by 9
- 2023Regeneration Learning: A Learning Paradigm for Data Generationcited by 8
- 2023MMFace4D: A Large-Scale Multi-Modal 4D Face Dataset for Audio-Driven 3D Face Animationcited by 8
- 2023VAST: Vivify Your Talking Avatar via Zero-Shot Expressive Facial Style Transfercited by 7
- 2023READ Avatars: Realistic Emotion-controllable Audio Driven Avatarscited by 6
- 2023OSM-Net: One-to-Many One-shot Talking Head Generation with Spontaneous Head Motionscited by 4
- 2025After the Party: Navigating the Mapping From Color to Ambient Lightingcited by 4
- 2023Style Transfer for 2D Talking Head Animationcited by 3
- 2023Controlling Character Motions without Observable Driving Sourcecited by 3
- 2023A Survey on Deep Multi-modal Learning for Body Language Recognition and Generationcited by 3
- 2024An Implicit Physical Face Model Driven by Expression and Stylecited by 3
50 most cited of 67 All 67 (JSON)
- 2026MMTalker: Multiresolution 3D Talking Head Synthesis with Multimodal Feature Fusion3 Apr 2026
- 2025StableDub: Taming Diffusion Prior for Generalized and Efficient Visual Dubbing26 Sep 2025
- 2025After the Party: Navigating the Mapping From Color to Ambient Lighting4 Aug 2025
- 2025Exploiting Temporal Audio-Visual Correlation Embedding for Audio-Driven One-Shot Talking Head Animation8 Apr 2025
- 2025SyncDiff: Diffusion-based Talking Head Synthesis with Bottlenecked Temporal Visual Prior for Improved Synchronization17 Mar 2025
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactions18 Feb 2025
- 2024StyleTalk++: A Unified Framework for Controlling the Speaking Styles of Talking Heads14 Sep 2024
- 2024EmoFace: Emotion-Content Disentangled Speech-Driven 3D Talking Face Animation21 Aug 2024
- 2024Solutions to Deepfakes: Can Camera Hardware, Cryptography, and Deep Learning Verify Real Images?4 Jul 2024
- 2024Speech2UnifiedExpressions: Synchronous Synthesis of Co-Speech Affective Face and Body Expressions from Affordable Inputs26 Jun 2024
- 2024NLDF: Neural Light Dynamic Fields for Efficient 3D Talking Head Generation17 Jun 2024
- 2024Embedded Representation Learning Network for Animating Styled Video Portrait29 Apr 2024
38 more
- 2024Towards Image Ambient Lighting Normalization27 Mar 2024
- 2024Dyadic Interaction Modeling for Social Behavior Generation14 Mar 2024
- 2024An Implicit Physical Face Model Driven by Expression and Style27 Jan 2024
- 2023DreamTalk: When Emotional Talking Head Generation Meets Diffusion Probabilistic Models15 Dec 2023
- 2023GSmoothFace: Generalized Smooth Talking Face Generation via Fine Grained 3D Face Guidance12 Dec 2023
- 2023SingingHead: A Large-scale 4D Dataset for Singing Head Animation7 Dec 2023
- 2023GAIA: Zero-shot Talking Avatar Generation26 Nov 2023
- 2023OSM-Net: One-to-Many One-shot Talking Head Generation with Spontaneous Head Motions28 Sep 2023
- 2023RADIO: Reference-Agnostic Dubbing Video Synthesis5 Sep 2023
- 2023MFR-Net: Multi-faceted Responsive Listening Head Generation via Denoising Diffusion Model31 Aug 2023
- 2023Diff2Lip: Audio Conditioned Diffusion Models for Lip-Synchronization18 Aug 2023
- 2023A Survey on Deep Multi-modal Learning for Body Language Recognition and Generation17 Aug 2023
- 2023Controlling Character Motions without Observable Driving Source11 Aug 2023
- 2023VAST: Vivify Your Talking Avatar via Zero-Shot Expressive Facial Style Transfer9 Aug 2023
- 2023UniBriVL: Robust Universal Representation and Generation of Audio Driven Diffusion Models29 Jul 2023
- 2023MODA: Mapping-Once Audio-driven Portrait Animation with Dual Attentions19 Jul 2023
- 2023FACTS: Facial Animation Creation using the Transfer of Styles18 Jul 2023
- 2023SelfTalk: A Self-Supervised Commutative Training Diagram to Comprehend 3D Talking Faces19 Jun 2023
- 2023ReactFace: Online Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation in Dyadic Interactions25 May 2023
- 2023CPNet: Exploiting CLIP-based Attention Condenser and Probability Map Guidance for High-fidelity Talking Face Generation23 May 2023
- 2023StyleSync: High-Fidelity Generalized and Personalized Lip Sync in Style-based Generator9 May 2023
- 2023DAE-Talker: High Fidelity Speech-Driven Talking Face Generation with Diffusion Autoencoder30 Mar 2023
- 2023Style Transfer for 2D Talking Head Animation17 Mar 2023
- 2023MMFace4D: A Large-Scale Multi-Modal 4D Face Dataset for Audio-Driven 3D Face Animation17 Mar 2023
- 2023MixSpeech: Cross-Modality Self-Learning with Audio-Visual Stream Mixup for Visual Speech Translation and Recognition9 Mar 2023
- 2023Exploring Efficient-Tuned Learning Audio Representation Method from BriVL8 Mar 2023
- 2023DINet: Deformation Inpainting Network for Realistic Face Visually Dubbing on High Resolution Video7 Mar 2023
- 2023READ Avatars: Realistic Emotion-controllable Audio Driven Avatars1 Mar 2023
- 2023Pose-Controllable 3D Facial Animation Synthesis using Hierarchical Audio-Vertex Attention24 Feb 2023
- 2023Regeneration Learning: A Learning Paradigm for Data Generation21 Jan 2023
- 2023Speech Driven Video Editing via an Audio-Conditioned Diffusion Model10 Jan 2023
- 2023Diffused Heads: Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Talking-Face Generation6 Jan 2023
- 2023CodeTalker: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Discrete Motion Prior6 Jan 2023
- 2023StyleTalk: One-shot Talking Head Generation with Controllable Speaking Styles3 Jan 2023
- 2022Imitator: Personalized Speech-driven 3D Facial Animation30 Dec 2022
- 2022Memories are One-to-Many Mapping Alleviators in Talking Face Generation9 Dec 2022
- 2022Masked Lip-Sync Prediction by Audio-Visual Contextual Exploitation in Transformers9 Dec 2022
- 2022VideoReTalking: Audio-based Lip Synchronization for Talking Head Video Editing In the Wild27 Nov 2022
50 newest of 67 All 67 (JSON)
- 2023Diffused Heads: Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Talking-Face Generationcited by 142
- 2023Diff2Lip: Audio Conditioned Diffusion Models for Lip-Synchronizationcited by 49
- 2023DAE-Talker: High Fidelity Speech-Driven Talking Face Generation with Diffusion Autoencodercited by 48
- 2023Speech Driven Video Editing via an Audio-Conditioned Diffusion Modelcited by 28
- 2023MFR-Net: Multi-faceted Responsive Listening Head Generation via Denoising Diffusion Modelcited by 16
- 2023DreamTalk: When Emotional Talking Head Generation Meets Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 13
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactionscited by 9
- 2023UniBriVL: Robust Universal Representation and Generation of Audio Driven Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2025StableDub: Taming Diffusion Prior for Generalized and Efficient Visual Dubbingcited by 0
- 2025StableDub: Taming Diffusion Prior for Generalized and Efficient Visual Dubbing26 Sep 2025
- 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactions18 Feb 2025
- 2023DreamTalk: When Emotional Talking Head Generation Meets Diffusion Probabilistic Models15 Dec 2023
- 2023MFR-Net: Multi-faceted Responsive Listening Head Generation via Denoising Diffusion Model31 Aug 2023
- 2023Diff2Lip: Audio Conditioned Diffusion Models for Lip-Synchronization18 Aug 2023
- 2023UniBriVL: Robust Universal Representation and Generation of Audio Driven Diffusion Models29 Jul 2023
- 2023DAE-Talker: High Fidelity Speech-Driven Talking Face Generation with Diffusion Autoencoder30 Mar 2023
- 2023Speech Driven Video Editing via an Audio-Conditioned Diffusion Model10 Jan 2023
- 2023Diffused Heads: Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Talking-Face Generation6 Jan 2023
- 2021FaceFormer: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Transformerscited by 208
- 2023CodeTalker: Speech-Driven 3D Facial Animation with Discrete Motion Priorcited by 183
- 2022StyleHEAT: One-Shot High-Resolution Editable Talking Face Generation via Pre-trained StyleGANcited by 169
- 2022VideoReTalking: Audio-based Lip Synchronization for Talking Head Video Editing In the Wildcited by 106
- 2023StyleTalk: One-shot Talking Head Generation with Controllable Speaking Stylescited by 92
- 2023StyleSync: High-Fidelity Generalized and Personalized Lip Sync in Style-based Generatorcited by 89
- 2021One-shot Talking Face Generation from Single-speaker Audio-Visual Correlation Learningcited by 87
- 2022DFA-NeRF: Personalized Talking Head Generation via Disentangled Face Attributes Neural Renderingcited by 80
- 2022Imitator: Personalized Speech-driven 3D Facial Animationcited by 73
- 2023DINet: Deformation Inpainting Network for Realistic Face Visually Dubbing on High Resolution Videocited by 73
- 2023SelfTalk: A Self-Supervised Commutative Training Diagram to Comprehend 3D Talking Facescited by 67
- 2023GAIA: Zero-shot Talking Avatar Generationcited by 43
12 most cited of 57 All 57 (JSON)
- 2026MMTalker: Multiresolution 3D Talking Head Synthesis with Multimodal Feature Fusion3 Apr 2026
- 2025After the Party: Navigating the Mapping From Color to Ambient Lighting4 Aug 2025
- 2025Exploiting Temporal Audio-Visual Correlation Embedding for Audio-Driven One-Shot Talking Head Animation8 Apr 2025
- 2025SyncDiff: Diffusion-based Talking Head Synthesis with Bottlenecked Temporal Visual Prior for Improved Synchronization17 Mar 2025
- 2024StyleTalk++: A Unified Framework for Controlling the Speaking Styles of Talking Heads14 Sep 2024
- 2024EmoFace: Emotion-Content Disentangled Speech-Driven 3D Talking Face Animation21 Aug 2024
- 2024Solutions to Deepfakes: Can Camera Hardware, Cryptography, and Deep Learning Verify Real Images?4 Jul 2024
- 2024Speech2UnifiedExpressions: Synchronous Synthesis of Co-Speech Affective Face and Body Expressions from Affordable Inputs26 Jun 2024
- 2024NLDF: Neural Light Dynamic Fields for Efficient 3D Talking Head Generation17 Jun 2024
- 2024Embedded Representation Learning Network for Animating Styled Video Portrait29 Apr 2024
- 2024Towards Image Ambient Lighting Normalization27 Mar 2024
- 2024Dyadic Interaction Modeling for Social Behavior Generation14 Mar 2024
12 newest of 57 All 57 (JSON)