mlsanityData to 19 Oct 2026

Underwater scene reconstruction

68 papers0 this weekHigh confidence in this grouping: the papers form one clear topicHigh confidence in this grouping: the papers form one clear topic · About

Keywords: underwater, reconstruction, water, medium, scattering

Key facts. Underwater scene reconstruction: 68 papers on arXiv since 2021 (data through 19 Oct 2026). 26 of its 68 mapped papers (38%) cite “WaterSplatting: Fast Underwater 3D Scene Reconstruction Using Gaussian Splatting” (2024, arXiv 2408.08206). 4 new papers 1 Oct–19 Oct.

What’s new

1 Oct – 19 Oct 2026

  1. Earlier · 4
  2. Benchmarking 3D Reconstruction for Under-Ice Robotic Perception in Arctic Environments
  3. PUGS: Physics-Guided Uncertainty Modeling for Underwater Dynamic 3D Gaussian Splatting
  4. Image-Space Refraction Correction for Underwater 3D Reconstruction: Warping Flat-Port Views into Pinhole Perspective
  5. SURGE: Sonar-fUsed Reconstruction and localization via image-gated Graph Estimation

Foundations

Most cited by papers here

  1. WaterSplatting: Fast Underwater 3D Scene Reconstruction Using Gaussian Splatting2024cited by 26 here
  2. SeaSplat: Representing Underwater Scenes with 3D Gaussian Splatting and a Physically Grounded Image Formation Model2024cited by 21 here
  3. WaterNeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Underwater Scenes2022cited by 19 here
  4. UW-GS: Distractor-Aware 3D Gaussian Splatting for Enhanced Underwater Scene Reconstruction2024cited by 15 here
  5. Beyond NeRF Underwater: Learning Neural Reflectance Fields for True Color Correction of Marine Imagery2023cited by 12 here

Lineage

The papers this direction builds on, oldest first.

Each paper on the line cites the one before.

  1. 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 14 here
  2. 2022WaterNeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Underwater Scenescited by 19 here
  3. 2023SeaThru-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields in Scattering Mediacited by 35 here
  4. 2023ScatterNeRF: Seeing Through Fog with Physically-Based Inverse Neural Renderingcited by 11 here
  5. 2024WaterSplatting: Fast Underwater 3D Scene Reconstruction Using Gaussian Splattingcited by 26 here
  6. 2024UW-GS: Distractor-Aware 3D Gaussian Splatting for Enhanced Underwater Scene Reconstructioncited by 15 here
  7. 2024Gaussian Splashing: Direct Volumetric Rendering Underwatercited by 6 here
17 more it builds on, not in this chain
  1. 2021NeuS: Learning Neural Implicit Surfaces by Volume Rendering for Multi-view Reconstructioncited by 9 here
  2. 2021Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 15 here
  3. 2021NeRF in the Dark: High Dynamic Range View Synthesis from Noisy Raw Imagescited by 10 here
  4. 2021Ref-NeRF: Structured View-Dependent Appearance for Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 6 here
  5. 2022TensoRF: Tensorial Radiance Fieldscited by 6 here
  6. 2022Neural Implicit Surface Reconstruction using Imaging Sonarcited by 7 here
  7. 2023Nerfstudio: A Modular Framework for Neural Radiance Field Developmentcited by 12 here
  8. 2023Real-Time Dense 3D Mapping of Underwater Environmentscited by 7 here
  9. 2023Beyond NeRF Underwater: Learning Neural Reflectance Fields for True Color Correction of Marine Imagerycited by 12 here
  10. 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 37 here
  11. 2023GaussianShader: 3D Gaussian Splatting with Shading Functions for Reflective Surfacescited by 6 here
  12. 2023DUSt3R: Geometric 3D Vision Made Easycited by 7 here
  13. 2024AONeuS: A Neural Rendering Framework for Acoustic-Optical Sensor Fusioncited by 8 here
  14. 2024Z-Splat: Z-Axis Gaussian Splatting for Camera-Sonar Fusioncited by 6 here
  15. 2024RecGS: Removing Water Caustic with Recurrent Gaussian Splattingcited by 7 here
  16. 2024SeaSplat: Representing Underwater Scenes with 3D Gaussian Splatting and a Physically Grounded Image Formation Modelcited by 21 here
  17. 2024Aquatic-GS: A Hybrid 3D Representation for Underwater Scenescited by 8 here

The 24 most cited of 295.

Browse

30 of 68, ranked 6–35

  1. 6AONeuS: A Neural Rendering Framework for Acoustic-Optical Sensor Fusion20248
  2. 7Aquatic-GS: A Hybrid 3D Representation for Underwater Scenes20248
  3. 8RecGS: Removing Water Caustic with Recurrent Gaussian Splatting20247
  4. 9Real-Time Dense 3D Mapping of Underwater Environments20237
  5. 10Neural Implicit Surface Reconstruction using Imaging Sonar20227
  6. 11Z-Splat: Z-Axis Gaussian Splatting for Camera-Sonar Fusion20246
  7. 12Gaussian Splashing: Direct Volumetric Rendering Underwater20246
  8. 13AquaNeRF: Neural Radiance Fields in Underwater Media with Distractor Removal20254
  9. 14Visual enhancement and 3D representation for underwater scenes: a review20254
  10. 15RUSplatting: Robust 3D Gaussian Splatting for Sparse-View Underwater Scene Reconstruction20254
All 30
  1. 16Refractive COLMAP: Refractive Structure-from-Motion Revisited20244
  2. 17Underwater Light Field Retention : Neural Rendering for Underwater Imaging20224
  3. 183D-UIR: 3D Gaussian for Underwater 3D Scene Reconstruction via Physics Based Appearance-Medium Decoupling20253
  4. 19Plenodium: UnderWater 3D Scene Reconstruction with Plenoptic Medium Representation20253
  5. 20WaterHE-NeRF: Water-ray Tracing Neural Radiance Fields for Underwater Scene Reconstruction20233
  6. 21OceanSplat: Object-aware Gaussian Splatting with Trinocular View Consistency for Underwater Scene Reconstruction20262
  7. 22Acoustic Neural 3D Reconstruction Under Pose Drift20252
  8. 23SonarSplat: Novel View Synthesis of Imaging Sonar via Gaussian Splatting20252
  9. 24Learning Pseudo Front Depth for 2D Forward-Looking Sonar-based Multi-view Stereo20222
  10. 25NAS-GS: Noise-Aware Sonar Gaussian Splatting20261
  11. 26WaterClear-GS: Optical-Aware Gaussian Splatting for Underwater Reconstruction and Restoration20261
  12. 27Spatiotemporal Degradation-Aware 3D Gaussian Splatting for Realistic Underwater Scene Reconstruction20261
  13. 28Relative Illumination Fields: Learning Medium and Light Independent Underwater Scenes20251
  14. 29AquaGS: Fast Underwater Scene Reconstruction with SfM-Free Gaussian Splatting20251
  15. 30UW-3DGS: Underwater 3D Reconstruction with Physics-Aware Gaussian Splatting20251
  16. 31DualPhys-GS: Dual Physically-Guided 3D Gaussian Splatting for Underwater Scene Reconstruction20251
  17. 32OASIS: Real-Time Opti-Acoustic Sensing for Intervention Systems in Unstructured Environments20251
  18. 33Semantic-guided Gaussian Splatting for High-Fidelity Underwater Scene Reconstruction20251
  19. 34From Restoration to Reconstruction: Rethinking 3D Gaussian Splatting for Underwater Scenes20251
  20. 35MuS-Polar3D: A Benchmark Dataset for Computational Polarimetric 3D Imaging under Multi-Scattering Conditions20251