mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Dynamic Point Maps: A Versatile Representation for Dynamic 3D Reconstruction

arXiv 2503.16318 ↗First posted 20 Mar 2025cs.CVcited by 44

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Abstract (arXiv)

DUSt3R has recently shown that one can reduce many tasks in multi-view geometry, including estimating camera intrinsics and extrinsics, reconstructing the scene in 3D, and establishing image correspondences, to the prediction of a pair of viewpoint-invariant point maps, i.e., pixel-aligned point clouds defined in a common reference frame. This formulation is elegant and powerful, but unable to tackle dynamic scenes. To address this challenge, we introduce the concept of Dynamic Point Maps (DPM), extending standard point maps to support 4D tasks such as motion segmentation, scene flow estimation, 3D object tracking, and 2D correspondence. Our key intuition is that, when time is introduced, there are several possible spatial and time references that can be used to define the point maps. We identify a minimal subset of such combinations that can be regressed by a network to solve the sub tasks mentioned above. We train a DPM predictor on a mixture of synthetic and real data and evaluate it across diverse benchmarks for video depth prediction, dynamic point cloud reconstruction, 3D scene flow and object pose tracking, achieving state-of-the-art performance. Code, models and additional results are available at https://www.robots.ox.ac.uk/~vgg/research/dynamic-point-maps/.

Key facts. Cited by 44 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 56 of its 81 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Mar 2025.

Builds on

56 of 81 references.

References · 56

  1. 2019Scalability in Perception for Autonomous Driving: Waymo Open Datasetcited by 2,451
  2. 2020RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flowcited by 2,415
  3. 2017What Uncertainties Do We Need in Bayesian Deep Learning for Computer Vision?cited by 2,352
  4. 2023DUSt3R: Geometric 3D Vision Made Easycited by 1,567
  5. 2020D-NeRF: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Scenescited by 1,465
  6. 2019SuperGlue: Learning Feature Matching with Graph Neural Networkscited by 1,443
  7. 2024Depth Anything V2cited by 1,422
  8. 2024Depth Anything: Unleashing the Power of Large-Scale Unlabeled Datacited by 1,360
  9. 2017SuperPoint: Self-Supervised Interest Point Detection and Descriptioncited by 1,320
  10. 2020Nerfies: Deformable Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,198
  11. 20234D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Dynamic Scene Renderingcited by 1,157
  12. 2015FlowNet: Learning Optical Flow with Convolutional Networkscited by 1,059
38 more
  1. 2017PWC-Net: CNNs for Optical Flow Using Pyramid, Warping, and Cost Volumecited by 968
  2. 2016FlowNet 2.0: Evolution of Optical Flow Estimation with Deep Networkscited by 784
  3. 2023Deformable 3D Gaussians for High-Fidelity Monocular Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 759
  4. 2020Neural Scene Flow Fields for Space-Time View Synthesis of Dynamic Scenescited by 751
  5. 2021DROID-SLAM: Deep Visual SLAM for Monocular, Stereo, and RGB-D Camerascited by 687
  6. 2023LightGlue: Local Feature Matching at Light Speedcited by 590
  7. 2025Continuous 3D Perception Model with Persistent Statecited by 548
  8. 2023CoTracker: It is Better to Track Togethercited by 522
  9. 2019Normalized Object Coordinate Space for Category-Level 6D Object Pose and Size Estimationcited by 495
  10. 2023Real-time Photorealistic Dynamic Scene Representation and Rendering with 4D Gaussian Splattingcited by 476
  11. 2024MonST3R: A Simple Approach for Estimating Geometry in the Presence of Motioncited by 442
  12. 2021Dynamic View Synthesis from Dynamic Monocular Videocited by 420
  13. 2020Space-time Neural Irradiance Fields for Free-Viewpoint Videocited by 414
  14. 2022Kubric: A scalable dataset generatorcited by 381
  15. 2021GMFlow: Learning Optical Flow via Global Matchingcited by 327
  16. 2020DISK: Learning local features with policy gradientcited by 312
  17. 2016LIFT: Learned Invariant Feature Transformcited by 306
  18. 2022FlowFormer: A Transformer Architecture for Optical Flowcited by 275
  19. 2020Neural Radiance Flow for 4D View Synthesis and Video Processingcited by 270
  20. 2024Shape of Motion: 4D Reconstruction from a Single Videocited by 250
  21. 2023Visual Geometry Grounded Deep Structure From Motioncited by 227
  22. 2021Learning to Estimate Hidden Motions with Global Motion Aggregationcited by 224
  23. 2022DynIBaR: Neural Dynamic Image-Based Renderingcited by 224
  24. 2016DeMoN: Depth and Motion Network for Learning Monocular Stereocited by 201
  25. 2018DeepV2D: Video to Depth with Differentiable Structure from Motioncited by 185
  26. 2021COTR: Correspondence Transformer for Matching Across Imagescited by 183
  27. 2024SpatialTracker: Tracking Any 2D Pixels in 3D Spacecited by 181
  28. 2024MoSca: Dynamic Gaussian Fusion from Casual Videos via 4D Motion Scaffoldscited by 179
  29. 2020RAFT-3D: Scene Flow using Rigid-Motion Embeddingscited by 122
  30. 2023FlowFormer++: Masked Cost Volume Autoencoding for Pretraining Optical Flow Estimationcited by 114
  31. 2024Dynamic Gaussian Marbles for Novel View Synthesis of Casual Monocular Videoscited by 97
  32. 2021Learning to Match Features with Seeded Graph Matching Networkcited by 92
  33. 2024Stereo4D: Learning How Things Move in 3D from Internet Stereo Videoscited by 89
  34. 2021Neural Trajectory Fields for Dynamic Novel View Synthesiscited by 86
  35. 2023VideoFlow: Exploiting Temporal Cues for Multi-frame Optical Flow Estimationcited by 82
  36. 2024TAPVid-3D: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Point in 3Dcited by 72
  37. 2019DeepSFM: Structure From Motion Via Deep Bundle Adjustmentcited by 70
  38. 2022ClusterGNN: Cluster-based Coarse-to-Fine Graph Neural Network for Efficient Feature Matchingcited by 62

50 most cited of 56 All 56 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 16; 2026: 28.

44 papers.

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  1. 2025ViPE: Video Pose Engine for 3D Geometric Perceptioncited by 170
  2. 2025Efficiently Reconstructing Dynamic Scenes One D4RT at a Timecited by 54
  3. 2026LingBot-Map: Geometric Context Transformer for Streaming 3D Reconstructioncited by 37
  4. 2025MoVieS: Motion-Aware 4D Dynamic View Synthesis in One Secondcited by 35
  5. 2025Any4D: Unified Feed-Forward Metric 4D Reconstructioncited by 35
  6. 2026V-DPM: 4D Video Reconstruction with Dynamic Point Mapscited by 34
  7. 2025Trace Anything: Representing Any Video in 4D via Trajectory Fieldscited by 33
  8. 2026VGGT-Omegacited by 26
  9. 2025Back on Track: Bundle Adjustment for Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 24
  10. 20264RC: 4D Reconstruction via Conditional Querying Anytime and Anywherecited by 22
  11. 2025Reconstructing 4D Spatial Intelligence: A Surveycited by 14
  12. 2026Mesh4D: 4D Mesh Reconstruction and Tracking from Monocular Videocited by 12
32 more
  1. 2025DELTAv2: Accelerating Dense 3D Trackingcited by 10
  2. 20254D-VGGT: A General Foundation Model with SpatioTemporal Awareness for Dynamic Scene Geometry Estimationcited by 10
  3. 2026MoRe: Motion-aware Feed-forward 4D Reconstruction Transformercited by 9
  4. 2025C4D: 4D Made from 3D through Dual Correspondencescited by 8
  5. 2026Flow4R: Unifying 4D Reconstruction and Tracking with Scene Flowcited by 8
  6. 2025E3D-Bench: A Benchmark for End-to-End 3D Geometric Foundation Modelscited by 7
  7. 2026NOVA3R: Non-pixel-aligned Visual Transformer for Amodal 3D Reconstructioncited by 7
  8. 2026OccAny: Generalized Unconstrained Urban 3D Occupancycited by 6
  9. 2026UFO-4D: Unposed Feedforward 4D Reconstruction from Two Imagescited by 5
  10. 2026Syn4D: A Multiview Synthetic 4D Datasetcited by 4
  11. 2026OmniX: Any-view and Any-time 4D Reconstruction via Feed-forward Trajectory Fieldscited by 4
  12. 2025Mem4D: Decoupling Static and Dynamic Memory for Dynamic Scene Reconstructioncited by 3
  13. 2025EAG3R: Event-Augmented 3D Geometry Estimation for Dynamic and Extreme-Lighting Scenescited by 3
  14. 2026CogniMap3D: Cognitive 3D Mapping and Rapid Retrievalcited by 3
  15. 2026EVolSplat4D: Efficient Volume-based Gaussian Splatting for 4D Urban Scene Synthesiscited by 3
  16. 2026MotionCrafter: Dense Geometry and Motion Reconstruction with a 4D VAEcited by 3
  17. 2026RayMap3R: Inference-Time RayMap for Dynamic 3D Reconstructioncited by 3
  18. 2025PointSt3R: Point Tracking through 3D Grounded Correspondencecited by 2
  19. 2026Phys4D: Fine-Grained Physics-Consistent 4D Modeling from Video Diffusioncited by 2
  20. 2026Face Anything: 4D Face Reconstruction from Any Image Sequencecited by 2
  21. 20254D Primitive-Mach'e: Glueing Primitives for Persistent 4D Scene Reconstructioncited by 1
  22. 2026UniQuery4R: Unified 4D Scene Reconstruction from a Single Querycited by 1
  23. 2025Densemarks: Learning Canonical Embeddings for Human Heads Images via Point Trackscited by 0
  24. 2026Complet4R: Geometric Complete 4D Reconstructioncited by 0
  25. 2026LongDPM: Overlap-Aware 4D Reconstruction from Long Monocular Videoscited by 0
  26. 2026Good Token Hunting: A Hitchhiker's Guide to Token Selection for Visual Geometry Transformerscited by 0
  27. 2026DynaTok: Token-Based 4D Reconstruction from Partial Point Cloudscited by 0
  28. 2026Beyond Pixels: From Video Priors to 4D Worldscited by 0
  29. 2026PASTEL: Panoramic Alignment for Monocular 4D Scene Reconstructioncited by 0
  30. 2026TrackEverything: Long Horizon Dense Tracking via De-Duplicating 3D Scene Representationscited by 0
  31. 2026ARROW: Arbitrary Reconstruction and Tracking of 4D Observations in the Wildcited by 0
  32. 2026MoSE3: Learning World-Space SE(3) at Every Pixelcited by 0