Motion-Agent: A Conversational Framework for Human Motion Generation with LLMs
On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Multimodal and embodied agents
Abstract (arXiv)
While previous approaches to 3D human motion generation have achieved notable success, they often rely on extensive training and are limited to specific tasks. To address these challenges, we introduce Motion-Agent, an efficient conversational framework designed for general human motion generation, editing, and understanding. Motion-Agent employs an open-source pre-trained language model to develop a generative agent, MotionLLM, that bridges the gap between motion and text. This is accomplished by encoding and quantizing motions into discrete tokens that align with the language model's vocabulary. With only 1--3% of the model's parameters fine-tuned using adapters, MotionLLM delivers performance on par with diffusion models and other transformer-based methods trained from scratch. By integrating MotionLLM with GPT-4 without additional training, Motion-Agent is able to generate highly complex motion sequences through multi-turn conversations, a capability that previous models have struggled to achieve. Motion-Agent supports a wide range of motion-language tasks, offering versatile capabilities for generating and customizing human motion through interactive conversational exchanges. Project page: https://knoxzhao.github.io/Motion-Agent
Key facts. Cited by 47 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Multimodal and embodied agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 48 of its 56 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 May 2024.
Builds on
48 of 56 references.
References · 48
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,396
- 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,380
- 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 14,132
- 2019BERTScore: Evaluating Text Generation with BERTcited by 5,512
- 2014CIDEr: Consensus-based Image Description Evaluationcited by 2,046
- 2024Mixtral of Expertscited by 1,823
- 2023Video-LLaMA: An Instruction-tuned Audio-Visual Language Model for Video Understandingcited by 1,471
- 2019AMASS: Archive of Motion Capture as Surface Shapescited by 1,236
- 2024Gemma: Open Models Based on Gemini Research and Technologycited by 916
- 2022MotionDiffuse: Text-Driven Human Motion Generation with Diffusion Modelcited by 780
- 2023Visual ChatGPT: Talking, Drawing and Editing with Visual Foundation Modelscited by 668
- 2023NExT-GPT: Any-to-Any Multimodal LLMcited by 615
36 more
- 2023LLaMA-Adapter V2: Parameter-Efficient Visual Instruction Modelcited by 602
- 2023T2M-GPT: Generating Human Motion from Textual Descriptions with Discrete Representationscited by 588
- 2022Executing your Commands via Motion Diffusion in Latent Spacecited by 575
- 2023MotionGPT: Human Motion as a Foreign Languagecited by 527
- 2021Action-Conditioned 3D Human Motion Synthesis with Transformer VAEcited by 501
- 2022TEMOS: Generating diverse human motions from textual descriptionscited by 492
- 2020Action2Motion: Conditioned Generation of 3D Human Motionscited by 441
- 2022MotionCLIP: Exposing Human Motion Generation to CLIP Spacecited by 408
- 2023MoMask: Generative Masked Modeling of 3D Human Motionscited by 400
- 2022TM2T: Stochastic and Tokenized Modeling for the Reciprocal Generation of 3D Human Motions and Textscited by 359
- 2023Human Motion Diffusion as a Generative Priorcited by 357
- 2023Chameleon: Plug-and-Play Compositional Reasoning with Large Language Modelscited by 356
- 2016The KIT Motion-Language Datasetcited by 338
- 2023PointLLM: Empowering Large Language Models to Understand Point Cloudscited by 333
- 2022EDGE: Editable Dance Generation From Musiccited by 287
- 2023AudioGPT: Understanding and Generating Speech, Music, Sound, and Talking Headcited by 265
- 2023Generating Images with Multimodal Language Modelscited by 260
- 2023OmniControl: Control Any Joint at Any Time for Human Motion Generationcited by 238
- 2022MoFusion: A Framework for Denoising-Diffusion-based Motion Synthesiscited by 218
- 2023OneLLM: One Framework to Align All Modalities with Languagecited by 187
- 2023Speak Foreign Languages with Your Own Voice: Cross-Lingual Neural Codec Language Modelingcited by 167
- 2023MotionGPT: Finetuned LLMs Are General-Purpose Motion Generatorscited by 145
- 2023MMM: Generative Masked Motion Modelcited by 131
- 2023X-LLM: Bootstrapping Advanced Large Language Models by Treating Multi-Modalities as Foreign Languagescited by 128
- 2023TLControl: Trajectory and Language Control for Human Motion Synthesiscited by 94
- 2024Multi-Track Timeline Control for Text-Driven 3D Human Motion Generationcited by 91
- 2023EMDM: Efficient Motion Diffusion Model for Fast and High-Quality Motion Generationcited by 89
- 2023Fg-T2M: Fine-Grained Text-Driven Human Motion Generation via Diffusion Modelcited by 79
- 2022ActFormer: A GAN-based Transformer towards General Action-Conditioned 3D Human Motion Generationcited by 77
- 2022UDE: A Unified Driving Engine for Human Motion Generationcited by 67
- 2024CoMo: Controllable Motion Generation through Language Guided Pose Code Editingcited by 67
- 2022MultiAct: Long-Term 3D Human Motion Generation from Multiple Action Labelscited by 45
- 2024Compositional Generative Modeling: A Single Model is Not All You Needcited by 41
- 2023Iterative Motion Editing with Natural Languagecited by 40
- 2024MotionChain: Conversational Motion Controllers via Multimodal Promptscited by 30
- 2023Motion Question Answering via Modular Motion Programscited by 27
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 5; 2025: 19; 2026: 23.
47 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2024SMooDi: Stylized Motion Diffusion Modelcited by 37
- 2024CoMA: Compositional Human Motion Generation with Multi-modal Agentscited by 19
- 2025LayerCraft: Enhancing Text-to-Image Generation with CoT Reasoning and Layered Object Integrationcited by 19
- 2025SocialGen: Modeling Multi-Human Social Interaction with Language Modelscited by 14
- 2026LLaMo: Scaling Pretrained Language Models for Unified Motion Understanding and Generation with Continuous Autoregressive Tokenscited by 11
- 2024MoLA: Motion Generation and Editing with Latent Diffusion Enhanced by Adversarial Trainingcited by 9
- 2025Motion-R1: Enhancing Motion Generation with Decomposed Chain-of-Thought and RL Bindingcited by 9
- 2025Motion Generation: A Survey of Generative Approaches and Benchmarkscited by 8
- 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agentscited by 8
- 2025GenM3: Generative Pretrained Multi-path Motion Model for Text Conditional Human Motion Generationcited by 6
- 2025FSBench: A Figure Skating Benchmark for Advancing Artistic Sports Understandingcited by 6
- 2025IRG-MotionLLM: Interleaving Motion Generation, Assessment and Refinement for Text-to-Motion Generationcited by 6
35 more
- 2026SafeMo: Linguistically Grounded Unlearning for Trustworthy Text-to-Motion Generationcited by 6
- 2026CoMoVi: Co-Generation of 3D Human Motions and Realistic Videoscited by 6
- 2024A Unified Framework for Motion Reasoning and Generation in Human Interactioncited by 5
- 2025DanceChat: Large Language Model-Guided Music-to-Dance Generationcited by 5
- 2025VimoRAG: Video-based Retrieval-augmented 3D Motion Generation for Motion Language Modelscited by 4
- 2025HMVLM: Human Motion-Vision-Lanuage Model via MoE LoRAcited by 4
- 2026SentiAvatar: Towards Expressive and Interactive Digital Humanscited by 4
- 2026MotionHiFlow: Text-to-motion via hierarchical flow matchingcited by 4
- 2025Dense Motion Captioningcited by 3
- 2026UniMo: Unified Motion Generation and Understanding with Chain of Thoughtcited by 3
- 2026PRISM: Streaming Human Motion Generation with Per-Joint Latent Decompositioncited by 3
- 2025Navigating Motion Agents in Dynamic and Cluttered Environments through LLM Reasoningcited by 2
- 2025PlanMoGPT: Flow-Enhanced Progressive Planning for Text to Motion Synthesiscited by 2
- 2026U-Mind: A Unified Framework for Real-Time Multimodal Interaction with Audiovisual Generationcited by 2
- 2026CogPortrait: Fine-Grained Eye-Region Control in Portrait Animation via Hierarchical Agent Planningcited by 2
- 2025Multimodal Generative AI with Autoregressive LLMs for Human Motion Understanding and Generation: A Way Forwardcited by 1
- 2025OmniMoGen: Unifying Human Motion Generation via Learning from Interleaved Text-Motion Instructionscited by 1
- 2026UMo: Unified Sparse Motion Modeling for Real-Time Co-Speech Avatarscited by 1
- 2026Beyond MoCap: Scaling Motion Tokenizers with Synthetic Human Motion for Generative Modelingcited by 1
- 2024LangPose: Language-Aligned Motion for Robust 3D Human Pose Estimationcited by 0
- 2025Multimodal Generation of Animatable 3D Human Models with AvatarForgecited by 0
- 2025From Motion to Behavior: Hierarchical Modeling of Humanoid Generative Behavior Controlcited by 0
- 2025MoGIC: Boosting Motion Generation via Intention Understanding and Visual Contextcited by 0
- 2026GeoMotionGPT: Geometry-Aligned Motion Understanding with Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026MoRL: Reinforced Reasoning for Unified Motion Understanding and Generationcited by 0
- 2026Marrying Text-to-Motion Generation with Skeleton-Based Action Recognitioncited by 0
- 2026Real2Sim in HOI: Toward Physically Plausible HOI Reconstruction from Monocular Videoscited by 0
- 2026MotionMERGE: A Multi-granular Framework for Human Motion Editing, Reasoning, Generation, and Explanationcited by 0
- 2026Towards Trust Calibration in Socially Interactive Agents: Investigating Gendered Multimodal Behaviors Generation with LLMscited by 0
- 2026SalsaAgent: A multimodal embodied language model for interactive dance generationcited by 0
- 2026Fine-grained Human Motion Understanding with Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026MotionHalluc: Diagnosing Kinematic Hallucinations in Fine-Grained Motion Reasoningcited by 0
- 2026Open-UniMo: Towards Unified Motion-Language Understanding and Generation in the Open Worldcited by 0
- 2026MoVT: Video-Augmented Motion Tokenizer for Text-to-Motion Generationcited by 0
- 2026Image Diffusion Models Are Good 3D Human Motion Generatorscited by 0
- 2026Image Diffusion Models Are Good 3D Human Motion Generators9 Oct 2026
- 2026MoVT: Video-Augmented Motion Tokenizer for Text-to-Motion Generation14 Sep 2026
- 2026Open-UniMo: Towards Unified Motion-Language Understanding and Generation in the Open World13 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond MoCap: Scaling Motion Tokenizers with Synthetic Human Motion for Generative Modeling25 Jun 2026
- 2026MotionHalluc: Diagnosing Kinematic Hallucinations in Fine-Grained Motion Reasoning22 Jun 2026
- 2026Fine-grained Human Motion Understanding with Language Models18 Jun 2026
- 2026SalsaAgent: A multimodal embodied language model for interactive dance generation28 May 2026
- 2026CogPortrait: Fine-Grained Eye-Region Control in Portrait Animation via Hierarchical Agent Planning27 May 2026
- 2026Towards Trust Calibration in Socially Interactive Agents: Investigating Gendered Multimodal Behaviors Generation with LLMs19 May 2026
- 2026MotionMERGE: A Multi-granular Framework for Human Motion Editing, Reasoning, Generation, and Explanation18 May 2026
- 2026UMo: Unified Sparse Motion Modeling for Real-Time Co-Speech Avatars14 May 2026
- 2026Real2Sim in HOI: Toward Physically Plausible HOI Reconstruction from Monocular Videos14 May 2026
35 more
- 2026MotionHiFlow: Text-to-motion via hierarchical flow matching25 Apr 2026
- 2026Marrying Text-to-Motion Generation with Skeleton-Based Action Recognition18 Apr 2026
- 2026SentiAvatar: Towards Expressive and Interactive Digital Humans3 Apr 2026
- 2026PRISM: Streaming Human Motion Generation with Per-Joint Latent Decomposition9 Mar 2026
- 2026U-Mind: A Unified Framework for Real-Time Multimodal Interaction with Audiovisual Generation27 Feb 2026
- 2026MoRL: Reinforced Reasoning for Unified Motion Understanding and Generation16 Feb 2026
- 2026LLaMo: Scaling Pretrained Language Models for Unified Motion Understanding and Generation with Continuous Autoregressive Tokens12 Feb 2026
- 2026UniMo: Unified Motion Generation and Understanding with Chain of Thought17 Jan 2026
- 2026CoMoVi: Co-Generation of 3D Human Motions and Realistic Videos15 Jan 2026
- 2026GeoMotionGPT: Geometry-Aligned Motion Understanding with Large Language Models12 Jan 2026
- 2026SafeMo: Linguistically Grounded Unlearning for Trustworthy Text-to-Motion Generation2 Jan 2026
- 2025OmniMoGen: Unifying Human Motion Generation via Learning from Interleaved Text-Motion Instructions22 Dec 2025
- 2025IRG-MotionLLM: Interleaving Motion Generation, Assessment and Refinement for Text-to-Motion Generation11 Dec 2025
- 2025Dense Motion Captioning7 Nov 2025
- 2025HMVLM: Human Motion-Vision-Lanuage Model via MoE LoRA3 Nov 2025
- 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agents6 Oct 2025
- 2025MoGIC: Boosting Motion Generation via Intention Understanding and Visual Context3 Oct 2025
- 2025VimoRAG: Video-based Retrieval-augmented 3D Motion Generation for Motion Language Models16 Aug 2025
- 2025Motion Generation: A Survey of Generative Approaches and Benchmarks7 Jul 2025
- 2025PlanMoGPT: Flow-Enhanced Progressive Planning for Text to Motion Synthesis22 Jun 2025
- 2025DanceChat: Large Language Model-Guided Music-to-Dance Generation12 Jun 2025
- 2025Motion-R1: Enhancing Motion Generation with Decomposed Chain-of-Thought and RL Binding12 Jun 2025
- 2025Multimodal Generative AI with Autoregressive LLMs for Human Motion Understanding and Generation: A Way Forward31 May 2025
- 2025From Motion to Behavior: Hierarchical Modeling of Humanoid Generative Behavior Control28 May 2025
- 2025FSBench: A Figure Skating Benchmark for Advancing Artistic Sports Understanding28 Apr 2025
- 2025SocialGen: Modeling Multi-Human Social Interaction with Language Models28 Mar 2025
- 2025LayerCraft: Enhancing Text-to-Image Generation with CoT Reasoning and Layered Object Integration25 Mar 2025
- 2025GenM3: Generative Pretrained Multi-path Motion Model for Text Conditional Human Motion Generation19 Mar 2025
- 2025Multimodal Generation of Animatable 3D Human Models with AvatarForge11 Mar 2025
- 2025Navigating Motion Agents in Dynamic and Cluttered Environments through LLM Reasoning10 Mar 2025
- 2024CoMA: Compositional Human Motion Generation with Multi-modal Agents10 Dec 2024
- 2024A Unified Framework for Motion Reasoning and Generation in Human Interaction8 Oct 2024
- 2024LangPose: Language-Aligned Motion for Robust 3D Human Pose Estimation31 Aug 2024
- 2024SMooDi: Stylized Motion Diffusion Model17 Jul 2024
- 2024MoLA: Motion Generation and Editing with Latent Diffusion Enhanced by Adversarial Training4 Jun 2024
- 2025LayerCraft: Enhancing Text-to-Image Generation with CoT Reasoning and Layered Object Integrationcited by 19
- 2025Motion-R1: Enhancing Motion Generation with Decomposed Chain-of-Thought and RL Bindingcited by 9
- 2024A Unified Framework for Motion Reasoning and Generation in Human Interactioncited by 5
- 2026UniMo: Unified Motion Generation and Understanding with Chain of Thoughtcited by 3
- 2025Navigating Motion Agents in Dynamic and Cluttered Environments through LLM Reasoningcited by 2
- 2026MoRL: Reinforced Reasoning for Unified Motion Understanding and Generationcited by 0
- 2026MotionMERGE: A Multi-granular Framework for Human Motion Editing, Reasoning, Generation, and Explanationcited by 0
- 2026MotionMERGE: A Multi-granular Framework for Human Motion Editing, Reasoning, Generation, and Explanation18 May 2026
- 2026MoRL: Reinforced Reasoning for Unified Motion Understanding and Generation16 Feb 2026
- 2026UniMo: Unified Motion Generation and Understanding with Chain of Thought17 Jan 2026
- 2025Motion-R1: Enhancing Motion Generation with Decomposed Chain-of-Thought and RL Binding12 Jun 2025
- 2025LayerCraft: Enhancing Text-to-Image Generation with CoT Reasoning and Layered Object Integration25 Mar 2025
- 2025Navigating Motion Agents in Dynamic and Cluttered Environments through LLM Reasoning10 Mar 2025
- 2024A Unified Framework for Motion Reasoning and Generation in Human Interaction8 Oct 2024
- 2024SMooDi: Stylized Motion Diffusion Modelcited by 37
- 2024MoLA: Motion Generation and Editing with Latent Diffusion Enhanced by Adversarial Trainingcited by 9
- 2026MotionHiFlow: Text-to-motion via hierarchical flow matchingcited by 4
- 2026Image Diffusion Models Are Good 3D Human Motion Generatorscited by 0
- 2026Image Diffusion Models Are Good 3D Human Motion Generators9 Oct 2026
- 2026MotionHiFlow: Text-to-motion via hierarchical flow matching25 Apr 2026
- 2024SMooDi: Stylized Motion Diffusion Model17 Jul 2024
- 2024MoLA: Motion Generation and Editing with Latent Diffusion Enhanced by Adversarial Training4 Jun 2024
- 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agentscited by 8
- 2026CogPortrait: Fine-Grained Eye-Region Control in Portrait Animation via Hierarchical Agent Planningcited by 2
- 2026Towards Trust Calibration in Socially Interactive Agents: Investigating Gendered Multimodal Behaviors Generation with LLMscited by 0
- 2026CogPortrait: Fine-Grained Eye-Region Control in Portrait Animation via Hierarchical Agent Planning27 May 2026
- 2026Towards Trust Calibration in Socially Interactive Agents: Investigating Gendered Multimodal Behaviors Generation with LLMs19 May 2026
- 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agents6 Oct 2025
- 2025HMVLM: Human Motion-Vision-Lanuage Model via MoE LoRAcited by 4
- 2025HMVLM: Human Motion-Vision-Lanuage Model via MoE LoRA3 Nov 2025
- 2024CoMA: Compositional Human Motion Generation with Multi-modal Agentscited by 19
- 2025SocialGen: Modeling Multi-Human Social Interaction with Language Modelscited by 14
- 2026LLaMo: Scaling Pretrained Language Models for Unified Motion Understanding and Generation with Continuous Autoregressive Tokenscited by 11
- 2025Motion Generation: A Survey of Generative Approaches and Benchmarkscited by 8
- 2025GenM3: Generative Pretrained Multi-path Motion Model for Text Conditional Human Motion Generationcited by 6
- 2025FSBench: A Figure Skating Benchmark for Advancing Artistic Sports Understandingcited by 6
- 2025IRG-MotionLLM: Interleaving Motion Generation, Assessment and Refinement for Text-to-Motion Generationcited by 6
- 2026CoMoVi: Co-Generation of 3D Human Motions and Realistic Videoscited by 6
- 2025DanceChat: Large Language Model-Guided Music-to-Dance Generationcited by 5
- 2026SentiAvatar: Towards Expressive and Interactive Digital Humanscited by 4
- 2025Dense Motion Captioningcited by 3
- 2026PRISM: Streaming Human Motion Generation with Per-Joint Latent Decompositioncited by 3
12 most cited of 30 All 30 (JSON)
- 2026MoVT: Video-Augmented Motion Tokenizer for Text-to-Motion Generation14 Sep 2026
- 2026Open-UniMo: Towards Unified Motion-Language Understanding and Generation in the Open World13 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond MoCap: Scaling Motion Tokenizers with Synthetic Human Motion for Generative Modeling25 Jun 2026
- 2026MotionHalluc: Diagnosing Kinematic Hallucinations in Fine-Grained Motion Reasoning22 Jun 2026
- 2026Fine-grained Human Motion Understanding with Language Models18 Jun 2026
- 2026SalsaAgent: A multimodal embodied language model for interactive dance generation28 May 2026
- 2026UMo: Unified Sparse Motion Modeling for Real-Time Co-Speech Avatars14 May 2026
- 2026Real2Sim in HOI: Toward Physically Plausible HOI Reconstruction from Monocular Videos14 May 2026
- 2026Marrying Text-to-Motion Generation with Skeleton-Based Action Recognition18 Apr 2026
- 2026SentiAvatar: Towards Expressive and Interactive Digital Humans3 Apr 2026
- 2026PRISM: Streaming Human Motion Generation with Per-Joint Latent Decomposition9 Mar 2026
- 2026U-Mind: A Unified Framework for Real-Time Multimodal Interaction with Audiovisual Generation27 Feb 2026
12 newest of 30 All 30 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024The Language of Motion: Unifying Verbal and Non-verbal Language of 3D Human Motion
- 2024MotionGPT-2: A General-Purpose Motion-Language Model for Motion Generation and Understanding
- 2024VersatileMotion: A Unified Framework for Motion Synthesis and Comprehension
- 2025ChatMotion: A Multimodal Multi-Agent for Human Motion Analysis
- 2024COLLAGE: Collaborative Human-Agent Interaction Generation using Hierarchical Latent Diffusion and Language Models
- 2025MotionGPT3: Human Motion as a Second Modality
- 2026MUGEN: A Unified Framework for Efficient Motion Understanding and Generation
- 2024Generating Human Motion in 3D Scenes from Text Descriptions