mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Thingi10K: A Dataset of 10,000 3D-Printing Models

arXiv 1605.04797 ↗First posted 16 May 2016cs.GRcited by 182

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Abstract (arXiv)

Empirically validating new 3D-printing related algorithms and implementations requires testing data representative of inputs encountered in the wild. An ideal benchmarking dataset should not only draw from the same distribution of shapes people print in terms of class (e.g., toys, mechanisms, jewelry), representation type (e.g., triangle soup meshes) and complexity (e.g., number of facets), but should also capture problems and artifacts endemic to 3D printing models (e.g., self-intersections, non-manifoldness). We observe that the contextual and geometric characteristics of 3D printing models differ significantly from those used for computer graphics applications, not to mention standard models (e.g., Stanford bunny, Armadillo, Fertility). We present a new dataset of 10,000 models collected from an online 3D printing model-sharing database. Via analysis of both geometric (e.g., triangle aspect ratios, manifoldness) and contextual (e.g., licenses, tags, classes) characteristics, we demonstrate that this dataset represents a more concise summary of real-world models used for 3D printing compared to existing datasets. To facilitate future research endeavors, we also present an online query interface to select subsets of the dataset according to project-specific characteristics. The complete dataset and per-model statistical data are freely available to the public.

Key facts. Cited by 182 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 16 May 2016.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 22; 2022: 22; 2023: 28; 2024: 38; 2025: 36; 2026: 36.

182 papers.

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  1. 2023Objaverse-XL: A Universe of 10M+ 3D Objectscited by 767
  2. 2021Neural Geometric Level of Detail: Real-time Rendering with Implicit 3D Shapescited by 426
  3. 2021ABO: Dataset and Benchmarks for Real-World 3D Object Understandingcited by 360
  4. 2025Hunyuan3D 2.0: Scaling Diffusion Models for High Resolution Textured 3D Assets Generationcited by 342
  5. 2021Text2Mesh: Text-Driven Neural Stylization for Meshescited by 332
  6. 2021Shape As Points: A Differentiable Poisson Solvercited by 186
  7. 2025Hunyuan3D 2.1: From Images to High-Fidelity 3D Assets with Production-Ready PBR Materialcited by 157
  8. 2021Using Shape to Categorize: Low-Shot Learning with an Explicit Shape Biascited by 115
  9. 2023Neural Kernel Surface Reconstructioncited by 102
  10. 2022POCO: Point Convolution for Surface Reconstructioncited by 91
  11. 2022TANGO: Text-driven Photorealistic and Robust 3D Stylization via Lighting Decompositioncited by 83
  12. 2022Neural Dual Contouringcited by 71
38 more
  1. 2024Advances in 3D Generation: A Surveycited by 62
  2. 2021Geometry-Consistent Neural Shape Representation with Implicit Displacement Fieldscited by 60
  3. 2021SAPE: Spatially-Adaptive Progressive Encoding for Neural Optimizationcited by 59
  4. 2021Neural Marching Cubescited by 50
  5. 2022Approximate Differentiable Rendering with Algebraic Surfacescited by 44
  6. 2022Learning Deep Implicit Functions for 3D Shapes with Dynamic Code Cloudscited by 42
  7. 2022Neural Shape Mating: Self-Supervised Object Assembly with Adversarial Shape Priorscited by 42
  8. 2022Surface Reconstruction from Point Clouds: A Survey and a Benchmarkcited by 41
  9. 2022Breaking Bad: A Dataset for Geometric Fracture and Reassemblycited by 38
  10. 2023X-Mesh: Towards Fast and Accurate Text-driven 3D Stylization via Dynamic Textual Guidancecited by 37
  11. 2023Neural-Singular-Hessian: Implicit Neural Representation of Unoriented Point Clouds by Enforcing Singular Hessiancited by 34
  12. 20233D Paintbrush: Local Stylization of 3D Shapes with Cascaded Score Distillationcited by 34
  13. 20223D Highlighter: Localizing Regions on 3D Shapes via Text Descriptionscited by 32
  14. 2021Orienting Point Clouds with Dipole Propagationcited by 31
  15. 2022Neural Jacobian Fields: Learning Intrinsic Mappings of Arbitrary Meshescited by 28
  16. 2023Flexible Techniques for Differentiable Rendering with 3D Gaussianscited by 28
  17. 2024Make-A-Shape: a Ten-Million-scale 3D Shape Modelcited by 25
  18. 2025PartNeXt: A Next-Generation Dataset for Fine-Grained and Hierarchical 3D Part Understandingcited by 24
  19. 2023IKEA-Manual: Seeing Shape Assembly Step by Stepcited by 22
  20. 2023ClothesNet: An Information-Rich 3D Garment Model Repository with Simulated Clothes Environmentcited by 22
  21. 2024Text2CAD: Generating Sequential CAD Models from Beginner-to-Expert Level Text Promptscited by 22
  22. 2024ShapeSplat: A Large-scale Dataset of Gaussian Splats and Their Self-Supervised Pretrainingcited by 21
  23. 2024TetSphere Splatting: Representing High-Quality Geometry with Lagrangian Volumetric Meshescited by 20
  24. 2024SpaceMesh: A Continuous Representation for Learning Manifold Surface Meshescited by 20
  25. 2022Neural Implicit Surface Evolutioncited by 18
  26. 2023Fantastic Breaks: A Dataset of Paired 3D Scans of Real-World Broken Objects and Their Complete Counterpartscited by 18
  27. 2021PU-Flow: a Point Cloud Upsampling Network with Normalizing Flowscited by 17
  28. 2023Sim2real Transfer Learning for Point Cloud Segmentation: An Industrial Application Case on Autonomous Disassemblycited by 16
  29. 2021SimJEB: Simulated Jet Engine Bracket Datasetcited by 14
  30. 2021Differentiable Surface Triangulationcited by 14
  31. 2023TeMO: Towards Text-Driven 3D Stylization for Multi-Object Meshescited by 14
  32. 2024Geometric Deep Learning for Computer-Aided Design: A Surveycited by 14
  33. 2024iSeg: Interactive 3D Segmentation via Interactive Attentioncited by 14
  34. 2021Deep Hybrid Self-Prior for Full 3D Mesh Generationcited by 13
  35. 2021Neural-IMLS: Self-supervised Implicit Moving Least-Squares Network for Surface Reconstructioncited by 13
  36. 2022HoW-3D: Holistic 3D Wireframe Perception from a Single Imagecited by 12
  37. 2023Neural Progressive Meshescited by 12
  38. 2024GEM3D: GEnerative Medial Abstractions for 3D Shape Synthesiscited by 12

50 most cited of 182 All 182 (JSON)

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  1. 2025Modeling Aesthetic Preferences in 3D Shapes: A Large-Scale Paired Comparison Study Across Object Categories
  2. 2026Task-Driven 3D Printability Assistance via Geometry- and Knowledge-Grounded LLM Reasoning
  3. 2024Atlas3D: Physically Constrained Self-Supporting Text-to-3D for Simulation and Fabrication
  4. 2026TaoFlowForge: Progressive Native Mesh Generation via Cascaded Flow Matching
  5. 2026On the Generation and Mitigation of Harmful Geometry in Image-to-3D Models
  6. 2026P3D-Bench: Benchmarking MLLMs for Parametric 3D Generation and Structural Reasoning
  7. 2024LLM-3D Print: Large Language Models To Monitor and Control 3D Printing
  8. 2025Art3D: Training-Free 3D Generation from Flat-Colored Illustration