mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Hallo3: Highly Dynamic and Realistic Portrait Image Animation with Video Diffusion Transformer

arXiv 2412.00733 ↗First posted 1 Dec 2024cs.CV cs.GR cs.LGcited by 121

On the map: Diffusion models → Audio, speech and music

Abstract (arXiv)

Existing methodologies for animating portrait images face significant challenges, particularly in handling non-frontal perspectives, rendering dynamic objects around the portrait, and generating immersive, realistic backgrounds. In this paper, we introduce the first application of a pretrained transformer-based video generative model that demonstrates strong generalization capabilities and generates highly dynamic, realistic videos for portrait animation, effectively addressing these challenges. The adoption of a new video backbone model makes previous U-Net-based methods for identity maintenance, audio conditioning, and video extrapolation inapplicable. To address this limitation, we design an identity reference network consisting of a causal 3D VAE combined with a stacked series of transformer layers, ensuring consistent facial identity across video sequences. Additionally, we investigate various speech audio conditioning and motion frame mechanisms to enable the generation of continuous video driven by speech audio. Our method is validated through experiments on benchmark and newly proposed wild datasets, demonstrating substantial improvements over prior methods in generating realistic portraits characterized by diverse orientations within dynamic and immersive scenes. Further visualizations and the source code are available at: https://fudan-generative-vision.github.io/hallo3/.

Key facts. Cited by 121 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio, speech and music, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 40 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Dec 2024.

Builds on

40 of 52 references.

Closest ancestors · 5

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Hallo2: Long-Duration and High-Resolution Audio-Driven Portrait Image Animation10 Oct
  2. 2024Loopy: Taming Audio-Driven Portrait Avatar with Long-Term Motion Dependency4 Sep
  3. 2024VLOGGER: Multimodal Diffusion for Embodied Avatar Synthesis13 Mar
  4. 2024EMO: Emote Portrait Alive -- Generating Expressive Portrait Videos with Audio2Video Diffusion Model under Weak Conditions27 Feb
  5. 2023DiffTalk: Crafting Diffusion Models for Generalized Audio-Driven Portraits Animation10 Jan

Other references · 35

  1. 2019Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformercited by 14,491
  2. 2021Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformerscited by 6,893
  3. 2022Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformerscited by 5,931
  4. 2020wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representationscited by 3,853
  5. 2020RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flowcited by 2,385
  6. 2024CogVideoX: Text-to-Video Diffusion Models with An Expert Transformercited by 2,198
  7. 2023VBench: Comprehensive Benchmark Suite for Video Generative Modelscited by 1,755
  8. 2022Make-A-Video: Text-to-Video Generation without Text-Video Datacited by 1,725
  9. 2023AnimateDiff: Animate Your Personalized Text-to-Image Diffusion Models without Specific Tuningcited by 1,418
  10. 2018Towards Accurate Generative Models of Video: A New Metric & Challengescited by 1,204
  11. 2024MiniCPM-V: A GPT-4V Level MLLM on Your Phonecited by 1,061
  12. 2020First Order Motion Model for Image Animationcited by 698
23 more
  1. 2020A Lip Sync Expert Is All You Need for Speech to Lip Generation In The Wildcited by 669
  2. 2024Movie Gen: A Cast of Media Foundation Modelscited by 614
  3. 2023CoTracker: It is Better to Track Togethercited by 516
  4. 2024Sora: A Review on Background, Technology, Limitations, and Opportunities of Large Vision Modelscited by 467
  5. 2022MagicVideo: Efficient Video Generation With Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 463
  6. 2023VideoComposer: Compositional Video Synthesis with Motion Controllabilitycited by 461
  7. 2022SadTalker: Learning Realistic 3D Motion Coefficients for Stylized Audio-Driven Single Image Talking Face Animationcited by 380
  8. 2024Champ: Controllable and Consistent Human Image Animation with 3D Parametric Guidancecited by 271
  9. 2022CelebV-HQ: A Large-Scale Video Facial Attributes Datasetcited by 246
  10. 2021PIRenderer: Controllable Portrait Image Generation via Semantic Neural Renderingcited by 202
  11. 2024LivePortrait: Efficient Portrait Animation with Stitching and Retargeting Controlcited by 202
  12. 2024Hallo: Hierarchical Audio-Driven Visual Synthesis for Portrait Image Animationcited by 198
  13. 2024AniPortrait: Audio-Driven Synthesis of Photorealistic Portrait Animationcited by 191
  14. 2024VASA-1: Lifelike Audio-Driven Talking Faces Generated in Real Timecited by 186
  15. 2024Tora: Trajectory-oriented Diffusion Transformer for Video Generationcited by 161
  16. 2024Vidu: a Highly Consistent, Dynamic and Skilled Text-to-Video Generator with Diffusion Modelscited by 159
  17. 2020Fast Bi-layer Neural Synthesis of One-Shot Realistic Head Avatarscited by 116
  18. 2023Powerset multi-class cross entropy loss for neural speaker diarizationcited by 109
  19. 2022MetaPortrait: Identity-Preserving Talking Head Generation with Fast Personalized Adaptationcited by 69
  20. 2024AniTalker: Animate Vivid and Diverse Talking Faces through Identity-Decoupled Facial Motion Encodingcited by 67
  21. 2023VividTalk: One-Shot Audio-Driven Talking Head Generation Based on 3D Hybrid Priorcited by 47
  22. 2023High-Fidelity and Freely Controllable Talking Head Video Generationcited by 42
  23. 2022Facial Geometric Detail Recovery via Implicit Representationcited by 27

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 70; 2026: 51.

121 papers.

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By area:

  1. 2025OmniAvatar: Efficient Audio-Driven Avatar Video Generation with Adaptive Body Animationcited by 77
  2. 2025Stable Video Infinity: Infinite-Length Video Generation with Error Recyclingcited by 68
  3. 2025HunyuanVideo-Avatar: High-Fidelity Audio-Driven Human Animation for Multiple Characterscited by 64
  4. 2025Let Them Talk: Audio-Driven Multi-Person Conversational Video Generationcited by 64
  5. 2025HuMo: Human-Centric Video Generation via Collaborative Multi-Modal Conditioningcited by 44
  6. 2025StableAvatar: Infinite-Length Audio-Driven Avatar Video Generationcited by 41
  7. 2025InfiniteTalk: Audio-driven Video Generation for Sparse-Frame Video Dubbingcited by 40
  8. 2025GSFixer: Improving 3D Gaussian Splatting with Reference-Guided Video Diffusion Priorscited by 36
  9. 2025MoCha: Towards Movie-Grade Talking Character Synthesiscited by 31
  10. 2025EchoMimicV3: 1.3B Parameters are All You Need for Unified Multi-Modal and Multi-Task Human Animationcited by 28
  11. 2025OmniSync: Towards Universal Lip Synchronization via Diffusion Transformerscited by 26
  12. 2025TalkingMachines: Real-Time Audio-Driven FaceTime-Style Video via Autoregressive Diffusion Modelscited by 26
38 more
  1. 2025StreamAvatar: Streaming Diffusion Models for Real-Time Interactive Human Avatarscited by 24
  2. 2025Kling-Avatar: Grounding Multimodal Instructions for Cascaded Long-Duration Avatar Animation Synthesiscited by 20
  3. 2025AnyTalker: Scaling Multi-Person Talking Video Generation with Interactivity Refinementcited by 19
  4. 2025MagicDistillation: Weak-to-Strong Video Distillation for Large-Scale Few-Step Synthesiscited by 18
  5. 2025MIDAS: Multimodal Interactive Digital-humAn Synthesis via Real-time Autoregressive Video Generationcited by 18
  6. 2025MVP4D: Multi-View Portrait Video Diffusion for Animatable 4D Avatarscited by 17
  7. 2026Avatar Forcing: Real-Time Interactive Head Avatar Generation for Natural Conversationcited by 17
  8. 2025MagicInfinite: Generating Infinite Talking Videos with Your Words and Voicecited by 16
  9. 2025Hallo4: High-Fidelity Dynamic Portrait Animation via Direct Preference Optimizationcited by 16
  10. 2025Audio-Sync Video Generation with Multi-Stream Temporal Controlcited by 14
  11. 2025FixTalk: Taming Identity Leakage for High-Quality Talking Head Generation in Extreme Casescited by 14
  12. 2025SkyReels-Audio: Omni Audio-Conditioned Talking Portraits in Video Diffusion Transformerscited by 13
  13. 2026Hallo-Live: Real-Time Streaming Joint Audio-Video Avatar Generation with Asynchronous Dual-Stream and Human-Centric Preference Distillationcited by 13
  14. 2025FantasyPortrait: Enhancing Multi-Character Portrait Animation with Expression-Augmented Diffusion Transformerscited by 12
  15. 2025SEGA: Drivable 3D Gaussian Head Avatar from a Single Imagecited by 11
  16. 2025TalkingHeadBench: A Multi-Modal Benchmark & Analysis of Talking-Head DeepFake Detectioncited by 10
  17. 2025FlexAvatar: Learning Complete 3D Head Avatars with Partial Supervisioncited by 10
  18. 2025InfinityHuman: Towards Long-Term Audio-Driven Humancited by 9
  19. 2025LLIA -- Enabling Low-Latency Interactive Avatars: Real-Time Audio-Driven Portrait Video Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 7
  20. 2025Playmate2: Training-Free Multi-Character Audio-Driven Animation via Diffusion Transformer with Reward Feedbackcited by 7
  21. 2026OmniShow: Unifying Multimodal Conditions for Human-Object Interaction Video Generationcited by 7
  22. 2025AvatarShield: Visual Reinforcement Learning for Human-Centric Synthetic Video Detectioncited by 6
  23. 2025Bind-Your-Avatar: Multi-Talking-Character Video Generation with Dynamic 3D-mask-based Embedding Routercited by 6
  24. 2026AvatarForcing: One-Step Streaming Talking Avatars via Local-Future Sliding-Window Denoisingcited by 6
  25. 2025RAP: Real-time Audio-driven Portrait Animation with Video Diffusion Transformercited by 5
  26. 2025DyStream: Streaming Dyadic Talking Heads Generation via Flow Matching-based Autoregressive Modelcited by 5
  27. 2026AVControl: Efficient Framework for Training Audio-Visual Controlscited by 5
  28. 2025OmniResponse: Online Multimodal Conversational Response Generation in Dyadic Interactionscited by 4
  29. 2025MoSA: Motion-Coherent Human Video Generation via Structure-Appearance Decouplingcited by 4
  30. 2025VideoCanvas: Unified Video Completion from Arbitrary Spatiotemporal Patches via In-Context Conditioningcited by 4
  31. 2026SoulX-FlashHead: Oracle-guided Generation of Infinite Real-time Streaming Talking Headscited by 4
  32. 2026MMControl: Unified Multi-Modal Control for Joint Audio-Video Generationcited by 4
  33. 2026InteractiveAvatar: Real-Time Streaming Video Generation for Consistent and Intent-Aware Avatarscited by 4
  34. 2026Vidu S1: A Real-Time Interactive Video Generation Modelcited by 4
  35. 2025JAM-Flow: Joint Audio-Motion Synthesis with Flow Matchingcited by 3
  36. 2025X-Actor: Emotional and Expressive Long-Range Portrait Acting from Audiocited by 3
  37. 2025DiTalker: A Unified DiT-based Framework for High-Quality and Speaking Styles Controllable Portrait Animationcited by 3
  38. 2025Consistent and Controllable Image Animation with Motion Linear Diffusion Transformerscited by 3

50 most cited of 121 All 121 (JSON)

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  1. 2025FantasyTalking: Realistic Talking Portrait Generation via Coherent Motion Synthesis
  2. 2025Stable Video-Driven Portraits
  3. 2025SkyReels-A1: Expressive Portrait Animation in Video Diffusion Transformers
  4. 2024JoyVASA: Portrait and Animal Image Animation with Diffusion-Based Audio-Driven Facial Dynamics and Head Motion Generation
  5. 2025Joint Learning of Depth and Appearance for Portrait Image Animation
  6. 2024PortraitTalk: Towards Customizable One-Shot Audio-to-Talking Face Generation
  7. 2024FLOAT: Generative Motion Latent Flow Matching for Audio-driven Talking Portrait
  8. 2024Real-time One-Step Diffusion-based Expressive Portrait Videos Generation