mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

DyStream: Streaming Dyadic Talking Heads Generation via Flow Matching-based Autoregressive Model

arXiv 2512.24408 ↗First posted 30 Dec 2025cs.CVcited by 5

On the map: Diffusion models → Audio, speech and music

Abstract (arXiv)

Generating realistic, dyadic talking head video requires ultra-low latency. Existing chunk-based methods require full non-causal context windows, introducing significant delays. This high latency critically prevents the immediate, non-verbal feedback required for a realistic listener. To address this, we present DyStream, a flow matching-based autoregressive model that could generate video in real-time from both speaker and listener audio. Our method contains two key designs: (1) we adopt a stream-friendly autoregressive framework with flow-matching heads for probabilistic modeling, and (2) We propose a causal encoder enhanced by a lookahead module to incorporate short future context (e.g., 60 ms) to improve quality while maintaining low latency. Our analysis shows this simple-and-effective method significantly surpass alternative causal strategies, including distillation and generative encoder. Extensive experiments show that DyStream could generate video within 34 ms per frame, guaranteeing the entire system latency remains under 100 ms. Besides, it achieves state-of-the-art lip-sync quality, with offline and online LipSync Confidence scores of 8.13 and 7.61 on HDTF, respectively. The model, weights and codes are available.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Audio, speech and music, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 68 of its 87 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Dec 2025.

Builds on

68 of 87 references.

Closest ancestors · 13

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Audio-visual Controlled Video Diffusion with Masked Selective State Spaces Modeling for Natural Talking Head Generation3 Apr
  2. 2025ChatAnyone: Stylized Real-time Portrait Video Generation with Hierarchical Motion Diffusion Model27 Mar
  3. 2025AudCast: Audio-Driven Human Video Generation by Cascaded Diffusion Transformers25 Mar
  4. 2025DisentTalk: Cross-lingual Talking Face Generation via Semantic Disentangled Diffusion Model24 Mar
  5. 2025MagicInfinite: Generating Infinite Talking Videos with Your Words and Voice7 Mar
  6. 2025FLAP: Fully-controllable Audio-driven Portrait Video Generation through 3D head conditioned diffusion model26 Feb
  7. 2024FADA: Fast Diffusion Avatar Synthesis with Mixed-Supervised Multi-CFG Distillation22 Dec
  8. 2024LatentSync: Taming Audio-Conditioned Latent Diffusion Models for Lip Sync with SyncNet Supervision12 Dec
  9. 2024Hallo3: Highly Dynamic and Realistic Portrait Image Animation with Video Diffusion Transformer1 Dec
  10. 2024Ditto: Motion-Space Diffusion for Controllable Realtime Talking Head Synthesis29 Nov
  11. 2024EmotiveTalk: Expressive Talking Head Generation through Audio Information Decoupling and Emotional Video Diffusion23 Nov
  12. 2024Loopy: Taming Audio-Driven Portrait Avatar with Long-Term Motion Dependency4 Sep
1 more
  1. 2024EMO: Emote Portrait Alive -- Generating Expressive Portrait Videos with Audio2Video Diffusion Model under Weak Conditions27 Feb

Other references · 55

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  2. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  3. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
  4. 2021RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embeddingcited by 4,581
  5. 2024GPT-4o System Cardcited by 4,467
  6. 2020wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representationscited by 3,853
  7. 2025Wan: Open and Advanced Large-Scale Video Generative Modelscited by 2,536
  8. 2020RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flowcited by 2,385
  9. 2021HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Unitscited by 2,301
  10. 2023VBench: Comprehensive Benchmark Suite for Video Generative Modelscited by 1,755
  11. 2021WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Full Stack Speech Processingcited by 1,609
  12. 2022High Fidelity Neural Audio Compressioncited by 673
38 more
  1. 2024Autoregressive Image Generation without Vector Quantizationcited by 644
  2. 2019MediaPipe: A Framework for Building Perception Pipelinescited by 572
  3. 2024Moshi: a speech-text foundation model for real-time dialoguecited by 536
  4. 2022SadTalker: Learning Realistic 3D Motion Coefficients for Stylized Audio-Driven Single Image Talking Face Animationcited by 380
  5. 2020MakeItTalk: Speaker-Aware Talking-Head Animationcited by 310
  6. 2024LivePortrait: Efficient Portrait Animation with Stitching and Retargeting Controlcited by 202
  7. 2024Hallo: Hierarchical Audio-Driven Visual Synthesis for Portrait Image Animationcited by 198
  8. 2024EchoMimic: Lifelike Audio-Driven Portrait Animations through Editable Landmark Conditionscited by 196
  9. 2024VASA-1: Lifelike Audio-Driven Talking Faces Generated in Real Timecited by 186
  10. 2022MegaPortraits: One-shot Megapixel Neural Head Avatarscited by 131
  11. 2025OmniHuman-1: Rethinking the Scaling-Up of One-Stage Conditioned Human Animation Modelscited by 127
  12. 2022Learning to Listen: Modeling Non-Deterministic Dyadic Facial Motioncited by 125
  13. 2024Real3D-Portrait: One-shot Realistic 3D Talking Portrait Synthesiscited by 97
  14. 2022Progressive Disentangled Representation Learning for Fine-Grained Controllable Talking Head Synthesiscited by 93
  15. 2024From Audio to Photoreal Embodiment: Synthesizing Humans in Conversationscited by 82
  16. 2024Sonic: Shifting Focus to Global Audio Perception in Portrait Animationcited by 70
  17. 2024EMOPortraits: Emotion-enhanced Multimodal One-shot Head Avatarscited by 65
  18. 2025HunyuanVideo-Avatar: High-Fidelity Audio-Driven Human Animation for Multiple Characterscited by 64
  19. 2024A Full-duplex Speech Dialogue Scheme Based On Large Language Modelscited by 40
  20. 2024Let's Go Real Talk: Spoken Dialogue Model for Face-to-Face Conversationcited by 40
  21. 2024INFP: Audio-Driven Interactive Head Generation in Dyadic Conversationscited by 40
  22. 2023Affective Faces for Goal-Driven Dyadic Communicationcited by 34
  23. 2024Dyadic Interaction Modeling for Social Behavior Generationcited by 32
  24. 2024TANGO: Co-Speech Gesture Video Reenactment with Hierarchical Audio Motion Embedding and Diffusion Interpolationcited by 32
  25. 2025MoCha: Towards Movie-Grade Talking Character Synthesiscited by 31
  26. 2022DialogueNeRF: Towards Realistic Avatar Face-to-Face Conversation Video Generationcited by 30
  27. 2025Teller: Real-Time Streaming Audio-Driven Portrait Animation with Autoregressive Motion Generationcited by 16
  28. 2025ARIG: Autoregressive Interactive Head Generation for Real-time Conversationscited by 16
  29. 2023Interactive Conversational Head Generationcited by 14
  30. 2024Beyond Talking -- Generating Holistic 3D Human Dyadic Motion for Communicationcited by 14
  31. 2023AgentAvatar: Disentangling Planning, Driving and Rendering for Photorealistic Avatar Agentscited by 11
  32. 2025KeySync: A Robust Approach for Leakage-free Lip Synchronization in High Resolutioncited by 11
  33. 2025KeyFace: Expressive Audio-Driven Facial Animation for Long Sequences via KeyFrame Interpolationcited by 10
  34. 2025Monocular and Generalizable Gaussian Talking Head Animationcited by 10
  35. 2025OmniTalker: One-shot Real-time Text-Driven Talking Audio-Video Generation With Multimodal Style Mimickingcited by 9
  36. 2024InterAct: Capture and Modelling of Realistic, Expressive and Interactive Activities between Two Persons in Daily Scenarioscited by 7
  37. 2024UniAvatar: Taming Lifelike Audio-Driven Talking Head Generation with Comprehensive Motion and Lighting Controlcited by 7
  38. 2025SyncAnimation: A Real-Time End-to-End Framework for Audio-Driven Human Pose and Talking Head Animationcited by 5

50 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 5.

5 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025REST: Diffusion-based Real-time End-to-end Streaming Talking Head Generation via ID-Context Caching and Asynchronous Streaming Distillation
  2. 2025TalkingMachines: Real-Time Audio-Driven FaceTime-Style Video via Autoregressive Diffusion Models
  3. 2026Decoupled Self-Forcing Distillation for Streaming Talking Head Generation
  4. 2026Talker-T2AV: Joint Talking Audio-Video Generation with Autoregressive Diffusion Modeling
  5. 2025READ: Real-time and Efficient Asynchronous Diffusion for Audio-driven Talking Head Generation
  6. 2025MIDAS: Multimodal Interactive Digital-humAn Synthesis via Real-time Autoregressive Video Generation
  7. 2025Livatar-1: Real-Time Talking Heads Generation with Tailored Flow Matching
  8. 2024DAWN: Dynamic Frame Avatar with Non-autoregressive Diffusion Framework for Talking Head Video Generation