DELTA: Dense Efficient Long-range 3D Tracking for any video
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Abstract (arXiv)
Tracking dense 3D motion from monocular videos remains challenging, particularly when aiming for pixel-level precision over long sequences. We introduce DELTA, a novel method that efficiently tracks every pixel in 3D space, enabling accurate motion estimation across entire videos. Our approach leverages a joint global-local attention mechanism for reduced-resolution tracking, followed by a transformer-based upsampler to achieve high-resolution predictions. Unlike existing methods, which are limited by computational inefficiency or sparse tracking, DELTA delivers dense 3D tracking at scale, running over 8x faster than previous methods while achieving state-of-the-art accuracy. Furthermore, we explore the impact of depth representation on tracking performance and identify log-depth as the optimal choice. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of DELTA on multiple benchmarks, achieving new state-of-the-art results in both 2D and 3D dense tracking tasks. Our method provides a robust solution for applications requiring fine-grained, long-term motion tracking in 3D space.
Key facts. Cited by 65 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 58 of its 76 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Oct 2024.
Builds on
58 of 76 references.
References · 58
- 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,414
- 2017Quo Vadis, Action Recognition? A New Model and the Kinetics Datasetcited by 3,270
- 2020RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flowcited by 2,415
- 2016Density estimation using Real NVPcited by 2,042
- 2023DUSt3R: Geometric 3D Vision Made Easycited by 1,567
- 2019Towards Robust Monocular Depth Estimation: Mixing Datasets for Zero-shot Cross-dataset Transfercited by 1,495
- 2014Depth Map Prediction from a Single Image using a Multi-Scale Deep Networkcited by 1,274
- 2021Train Short, Test Long: Attention with Linear Biases Enables Input Length Extrapolationcited by 1,103
- 2017PWC-Net: CNNs for Optical Flow Using Pyramid, Warping, and Cost Volumecited by 968
- 2017The 2017 DAVIS Challenge on Video Object Segmentationcited by 957
- 2016FlowNet 2.0: Evolution of Optical Flow Estimation with Deep Networkscited by 784
- 2021DROID-SLAM: Deep Visual SLAM for Monocular, Stereo, and RGB-D Camerascited by 687
38 more
- 2023ZoeDepth: Zero-shot Transfer by Combining Relative and Metric Depthcited by 657
- 2023CoTracker: It is Better to Track Togethercited by 522
- 2024MonST3R: A Simple Approach for Estimating Geometry in the Presence of Motioncited by 442
- 2016Optical Flow Estimation using a Spatial Pyramid Networkcited by 424
- 2024UniDepth: Universal Monocular Metric Depth Estimationcited by 382
- 2022Kubric: A scalable dataset generatorcited by 381
- 2021GMFlow: Learning Optical Flow via Global Matchingcited by 327
- 2023TAPIR: Tracking Any Point with per-frame Initialization and temporal Refinementcited by 287
- 2023PointOdyssey: A Large-Scale Synthetic Dataset for Long-Term Point Trackingcited by 276
- 2022FlowFormer: A Transformer Architecture for Optical Flowcited by 275
- 2022TAP-Vid: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Point in a Videocited by 263
- 2018FlowNet3D: Learning Scene Flow in 3D Point Cloudscited by 242
- 2021Learning to Estimate Hidden Motions with Global Motion Aggregationcited by 224
- 2022Particle Video Revisited: Tracking Through Occlusions Using Point Trajectoriescited by 217
- 2024DepthCrafter: Generating Consistent Long Depth Sequences for Open-world Videoscited by 204
- 2023Tracking Everything Everywhere All at Oncecited by 193
- 2022Deep Patch Visual Odometrycited by 190
- 2020Robust Consistent Video Depth Estimationcited by 188
- 2024SpatialTracker: Tracking Any 2D Pixels in 3D Spacecited by 181
- 2024SEA-RAFT: Simple, Efficient, Accurate RAFT for Optical Flowcited by 174
- 2016Panoptic Studio: A Massively Multiview System for Social Interaction Capturecited by 173
- 2023Aria Digital Twin: A New Benchmark Dataset for Egocentric 3D Machine Perceptioncited by 167
- 2020RAFT-3D: Scene Flow using Rigid-Motion Embeddingscited by 122
- 2024BootsTAP: Bootstrapped Training for Tracking-Any-Pointcited by 120
- 2019HPLFlowNet: Hierarchical Permutohedral Lattice FlowNet for Scene Flow Estimation on Large-scale Point Cloudscited by 109
- 2022ParticleSfM: Exploiting Dense Point Trajectories for Localizing Moving Cameras in the Wildcited by 92
- 2023VideoFlow: Exploiting Temporal Cues for Multi-frame Optical Flow Estimationcited by 82
- 2024Local All-Pair Correspondence for Point Trackingcited by 80
- 2019Web Stereo Video Supervision for Depth Prediction from Dynamic Scenescited by 73
- 2024TAPVid-3D: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Point in 3Dcited by 72
- 2021Beyond Pick-and-Place: Tackling Robotic Stacking of Diverse Shapescited by 71
- 2017Accurate Optical Flow via Direct Cost Volume Processingcited by 66
- 2024DINO-Tracker: Taming DINO for Self-Supervised Point Tracking in a Single Videocited by 64
- 2023MFT: Long-Term Tracking of Every Pixelcited by 62
- 2023Dense Optical Tracking: Connecting the Dotscited by 61
- 2024LEAP-VO: Long-term Effective Any Point Tracking for Visual Odometrycited by 56
- 2019FlowNet3D++: Geometric Losses For Deep Scene Flow Estimationcited by 55
- 2021Learning to Segment Rigid Motions from Two Framescited by 46
50 most cited of 58 All 58 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 1; 2025: 26; 2026: 38.
65 papers.
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- 2025St4RTrack: Simultaneous 4D Reconstruction and Tracking in the Worldcited by 89
- 2025SpatialTrackerV2: 3D Point Tracking Made Easycited by 87
- 2025TAPIP3D: Tracking Any Point in Persistent 3D Geometrycited by 69
- 2025AllTracker: Efficient Dense Point Tracking at High Resolutioncited by 58
- 2025Efficiently Reconstructing Dynamic Scenes One D4RT at a Timecited by 54
- 2025Any4D: Unified Feed-Forward Metric 4D Reconstructioncited by 35
- 2025Trace Anything: Representing Any Video in 4D via Trajectory Fieldscited by 33
- 20244Real-Video: Learning Generalizable Photo-Realistic 4D Video Diffusioncited by 27
- 2025Generative Video Motion Editing with 3D Point Trackscited by 23
- 20264RC: 4D Reconstruction via Conditional Querying Anytime and Anywherecited by 22
- 2025AMPLIFY: Actionless Motion Priors for Robot Learning from Videoscited by 18
- 2025Multi-View 3D Point Trackingcited by 17
38 more
- 2025Object-centric 3D Motion Field for Robot Learning from Human Videoscited by 14
- 2025Reconstructing 4D Spatial Intelligence: A Surveycited by 14
- 2026CoWTracker: Tracking by Warping instead of Correlationcited by 14
- 2026Track4World: Feedforward World-centric Dense 3D Tracking of All Pixelscited by 13
- 2025Can Video Diffusion Model Reconstruct 4D Geometry?cited by 10
- 2025DELTAv2: Accelerating Dense 3D Trackingcited by 10
- 2025Towards Physical Understanding in Video Generation: A 3D Point Regularization Approachcited by 8
- 2025Stereo Any Video: Temporally Consistent Stereo Matchingcited by 8
- 2026Flow4R: Unifying 4D Reconstruction and Tracking with Scene Flowcited by 8
- 2026FunRec: Reconstructing Functional 3D Scenes from Egocentric Interaction Videoscited by 8
- 2025TrackingWorld: World-centric Monocular 3D Tracking of Almost All Pixelscited by 7
- 2025SeeU: Seeing the Unseen World via 4D Dynamics-aware Generationcited by 5
- 2026Video Understanding: From Geometry and Semantics to Unified Modelscited by 5
- 2026MegaFlow: Zero-Shot Large Displacement Optical Flowcited by 5
- 2026TrackCraft3R: Repurposing Video Diffusion Transformers for Dense 3D Trackingcited by 5
- 2026SM4RT: Learning Structured Motion Geometry for 4D Reconstructioncited by 5
- 2026TrajVG: 3D Trajectory-Coupled Visual Geometry Learningcited by 4
- 2026OmniX: Any-view and Any-time 4D Reconstruction via Feed-forward Trajectory Fieldscited by 4
- 2025Online Dense Point Tracking with Streaming Memorycited by 3
- 2025DePT3R: Joint Dense Point Tracking and 3D Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenes in a Single Forward Passcited by 3
- 2026SynthVerse: A Large-Scale Diverse Synthetic Dataset for Point Trackingcited by 3
- 2026MotionCrafter: Dense Geometry and Motion Reconstruction with a 4D VAEcited by 3
- 2026DAGE: Dual-Stream Architecture for Efficient and Fine-Grained Geometry Estimationcited by 3
- 2026FreeArtGS: Articulated Gaussian Splatting Under Free-moving Scenariocited by 3
- 2025MoMaps: Semantics-Aware Scene Motion Generation with Motion Mapscited by 2
- 2025Is This Tracker On? A Benchmark Protocol for Dynamic Trackingcited by 2
- 2025PointSt3R: Point Tracking through 3D Grounded Correspondencecited by 2
- 2025Geometry-Aware Single-Image 4D Synthesis via Dense Trajectory Generationcited by 2
- 2026Measuring 3D Spatial Geometric Consistency in Dynamic Video Generationcited by 2
- 2026AnyLift: Scaling Motion Reconstruction from Internet Videos via 2D Diffusioncited by 2
- 20253D Dynamics-Aware Manipulation: Endowing Manipulation Policies with 3D Foresightcited by 1
- 2026Moaw: Unleashing Motion Awareness for Video Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2026FlexAM: Flexible Appearance-Motion Decomposition for Versatile Video Generation Controlcited by 1
- 2026MotionScale: Reconstructing Appearance, Geometry, and Motion of Dynamic Scenes with Scalable 4D Gaussian Splattingcited by 1
- 2026TrAction: Action Recognition with Sparse Trajectoriescited by 1
- 2026Go-with-the-Track: Video Compositing and Motion Control with Point Trackingcited by 1
- 2026MotionForesight: Re-purposing Video Models for Future 3D Scene-Flow Predictioncited by 1
- 2026TAPVid-MV: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Point in 3D Across Multiple Viewscited by 1
50 most cited of 65 All 65 (JSON)
- 2026Cepheid: Decoupling Scale from Structure for Cross-Family Motion Completion13 Oct 2026
- 2026When Left Is Right? Camera-Motion Understanding beyond Screen12 Oct 2026
- 2026MoSE3: Learning World-Space SE(3) at Every Pixel2 Oct 2026
- 2026ARROW: Arbitrary Reconstruction and Tracking of 4D Observations in the Wild1 Oct 2026
- 20263D Point Tracking with State Space Models27 Sep 2026
- 2026GAUGE: Group-Wise View-Inconsistency Rectification for Feed-Forward 4D Tracking26 Sep 2026
- 2026TrackEverything: Long Horizon Dense Tracking via De-Duplicating 3D Scene Representations24 Sep 2026
- 2026Point4D: Long-range 4D Motion Reconstruction8 Sep 2026
- 2026Efficient and Robust Camera-independent Multiview 3D Geometric Reconstruction from Noisy Monocular Depth Estimation and Multiple Point Matching5 Sep 2026
- 2026TAPVid-MV: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Point in 3D Across Multiple Views1 Sep 2026
- 2026SM4RT: Learning Structured Motion Geometry for 4D Reconstruction24 Jul 2026
- 2026MotionForesight: Re-purposing Video Models for Future 3D Scene-Flow Prediction17 Jul 2026
38 more
- 2026OmniX: Any-view and Any-time 4D Reconstruction via Feed-forward Trajectory Fields12 Jul 2026
- 2026E-TraMamba: A New Paradigm for Efficient Long-Term 3D Feature Tracking with Event Cameras3 Jul 2026
- 2026Go-with-the-Track: Video Compositing and Motion Control with Point Tracking18 Jun 2026
- 2026TrAction: Action Recognition with Sparse Trajectories2 Jun 2026
- 2026LongDPM: Overlap-Aware 4D Reconstruction from Long Monocular Videos17 May 2026
- 2026TrackCraft3R: Repurposing Video Diffusion Transformers for Dense 3D Tracking12 May 2026
- 2026Velox: Learning Representations of 4D Geometry and Appearance6 May 2026
- 2026AnyLift: Scaling Motion Reconstruction from Internet Videos via 2D Diffusion20 Apr 2026
- 2026FunRec: Reconstructing Functional 3D Scenes from Egocentric Interaction Videos7 Apr 2026
- 2026MotionScale: Reconstructing Appearance, Geometry, and Motion of Dynamic Scenes with Scalable 4D Gaussian Splatting31 Mar 2026
- 2026MegaFlow: Zero-Shot Large Displacement Optical Flow26 Mar 2026
- 2026FreeArtGS: Articulated Gaussian Splatting Under Free-moving Scenario23 Mar 2026
- 2026PCSTracker: Long-Term Scene Flow Estimation for Point Cloud Sequences20 Mar 2026
- 2026Measuring 3D Spatial Geometric Consistency in Dynamic Video Generation19 Mar 2026
- 2026Video Understanding: From Geometry and Semantics to Unified Models18 Mar 2026
- 2026DAGE: Dual-Stream Architecture for Efficient and Fine-Grained Geometry Estimation4 Mar 2026
- 2026Track4World: Feedforward World-centric Dense 3D Tracking of All Pixels3 Mar 2026
- 2026Geometry OR Tracker: Universal Geometric Operating Room Tracking28 Feb 2026
- 2026Flow4R: Unifying 4D Reconstruction and Tracking with Scene Flow15 Feb 2026
- 2026FlexAM: Flexible Appearance-Motion Decomposition for Versatile Video Generation Control13 Feb 2026
- 20264RC: 4D Reconstruction via Conditional Querying Anytime and Anywhere10 Feb 2026
- 2026MotionCrafter: Dense Geometry and Motion Reconstruction with a 4D VAE9 Feb 2026
- 2026CoWTracker: Tracking by Warping instead of Correlation4 Feb 2026
- 2026SynthVerse: A Large-Scale Diverse Synthetic Dataset for Point Tracking4 Feb 2026
- 2026TrajVG: 3D Trajectory-Coupled Visual Geometry Learning4 Feb 2026
- 2026Moaw: Unleashing Motion Awareness for Video Diffusion Models19 Jan 2026
- 2025DePT3R: Joint Dense Point Tracking and 3D Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenes in a Single Forward Pass15 Dec 2025
- 2025Any4D: Unified Feed-Forward Metric 4D Reconstruction11 Dec 2025
- 2025Efficiently Reconstructing Dynamic Scenes One D4RT at a Time9 Dec 2025
- 2025TrackingWorld: World-centric Monocular 3D Tracking of Almost All Pixels9 Dec 2025
- 2025Geometry-Aware Single-Image 4D Synthesis via Dense Trajectory Generation4 Dec 2025
- 2025SeeU: Seeing the Unseen World via 4D Dynamics-aware Generation3 Dec 2025
- 2025Generative Video Motion Editing with 3D Point Tracks1 Dec 2025
- 2025Gaussians on Fire: High-Frequency Reconstruction of Flames27 Nov 2025
- 2025PointSt3R: Point Tracking through 3D Grounded Correspondence30 Oct 2025
- 2025Is This Tracker On? A Benchmark Protocol for Dynamic Tracking22 Oct 2025
- 2025Trace Anything: Representing Any Video in 4D via Trajectory Fields15 Oct 2025
- 2025MoMaps: Semantics-Aware Scene Motion Generation with Motion Maps13 Oct 2025
50 newest of 65 All 65 (JSON)
- 20244Real-Video: Learning Generalizable Photo-Realistic 4D Video Diffusioncited by 27
- 2025Can Video Diffusion Model Reconstruct 4D Geometry?cited by 10
- 2025Towards Physical Understanding in Video Generation: A 3D Point Regularization Approachcited by 8
- 2026TrackCraft3R: Repurposing Video Diffusion Transformers for Dense 3D Trackingcited by 5
- 2026Moaw: Unleashing Motion Awareness for Video Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2026TrackCraft3R: Repurposing Video Diffusion Transformers for Dense 3D Tracking12 May 2026
- 2026Moaw: Unleashing Motion Awareness for Video Diffusion Models19 Jan 2026
- 2025Can Video Diffusion Model Reconstruct 4D Geometry?27 Mar 2025
- 2025Towards Physical Understanding in Video Generation: A 3D Point Regularization Approach5 Feb 2025
- 20244Real-Video: Learning Generalizable Photo-Realistic 4D Video Diffusion5 Dec 2024
- 2025St4RTrack: Simultaneous 4D Reconstruction and Tracking in the Worldcited by 89
- 2025SpatialTrackerV2: 3D Point Tracking Made Easycited by 87
- 2025TAPIP3D: Tracking Any Point in Persistent 3D Geometrycited by 69
- 2025AllTracker: Efficient Dense Point Tracking at High Resolutioncited by 58
- 2025Efficiently Reconstructing Dynamic Scenes One D4RT at a Timecited by 54
- 2025Any4D: Unified Feed-Forward Metric 4D Reconstructioncited by 35
- 2025Trace Anything: Representing Any Video in 4D via Trajectory Fieldscited by 33
- 2025Generative Video Motion Editing with 3D Point Trackscited by 23
- 20264RC: 4D Reconstruction via Conditional Querying Anytime and Anywherecited by 22
- 2025Multi-View 3D Point Trackingcited by 17
- 2025Object-centric 3D Motion Field for Robot Learning from Human Videoscited by 14
- 2025Reconstructing 4D Spatial Intelligence: A Surveycited by 14
12 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)
- 2026Cepheid: Decoupling Scale from Structure for Cross-Family Motion Completion13 Oct 2026
- 2026MoSE3: Learning World-Space SE(3) at Every Pixel2 Oct 2026
- 2026ARROW: Arbitrary Reconstruction and Tracking of 4D Observations in the Wild1 Oct 2026
- 20263D Point Tracking with State Space Models27 Sep 2026
- 2026GAUGE: Group-Wise View-Inconsistency Rectification for Feed-Forward 4D Tracking26 Sep 2026
- 2026TrackEverything: Long Horizon Dense Tracking via De-Duplicating 3D Scene Representations24 Sep 2026
- 2026Point4D: Long-range 4D Motion Reconstruction8 Sep 2026
- 2026Efficient and Robust Camera-independent Multiview 3D Geometric Reconstruction from Noisy Monocular Depth Estimation and Multiple Point Matching5 Sep 2026
- 2026TAPVid-MV: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Point in 3D Across Multiple Views1 Sep 2026
- 2026SM4RT: Learning Structured Motion Geometry for 4D Reconstruction24 Jul 2026
- 2026MotionForesight: Re-purposing Video Models for Future 3D Scene-Flow Prediction17 Jul 2026
- 2026E-TraMamba: A New Paradigm for Efficient Long-Term 3D Feature Tracking with Event Cameras3 Jul 2026
12 newest of 55 All 55 (JSON)