mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Affective Faces for Goal-Driven Dyadic Communication

arXiv 2301.10939 ↗First posted 26 Jan 2023cs.CV cs.CL cs.LGcited by 34

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Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce a video framework for modeling the association between verbal and non-verbal communication during dyadic conversation. Given the input speech of a speaker, our approach retrieves a video of a listener, who has facial expressions that would be socially appropriate given the context. Our approach further allows the listener to be conditioned on their own goals, personalities, or backgrounds. Our approach models conversations through a composition of large language models and vision-language models, creating internal representations that are interpretable and controllable. To study multimodal communication, we propose a new video dataset of unscripted conversations covering diverse topics and demographics. Experiments and visualizations show our approach is able to output listeners that are significantly more socially appropriate than baselines. However, many challenges remain, and we release our dataset publicly to spur further progress. See our website for video results, data, and code: https://realtalk.cs.columbia.edu.

Key facts. Cited by 34 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 38 of its 59 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Jan 2023.

Builds on

38 of 59 references.

References · 38

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  2. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  3. 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
  4. 2018Representation Learning with Contrastive Predictive Codingcited by 7,662
  5. 2022PaLM: Scaling Language Modeling with Pathwayscited by 5,304
  6. 2022Large Language Models are Zero-Shot Reasonerscited by 4,323
  7. 2022Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervisioncited by 3,972
  8. 2021Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text Supervisioncited by 3,848
  9. 2022OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Modelscited by 3,464
  10. 2016Improved Techniques for Training GANscited by 2,938
  11. 2015FaceNet: A Unified Embedding for Face Recognition and Clusteringcited by 2,833
  12. 2021Learning to Prompt for Vision-Language Modelscited by 2,269
26 more
  1. 2019Language Models as Knowledge Bases?cited by 1,922
  2. 2022CoCa: Contrastive Captioners are Image-Text Foundation Modelscited by 1,265
  3. 2020On Faithfulness and Factuality in Abstractive Summarizationcited by 895
  4. 2021Florence: A New Foundation Model for Computer Visioncited by 802
  5. 2021Robust fine-tuning of zero-shot modelscited by 785
  6. 2021FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Modelcited by 646
  7. 2017How far are we from solving the 2D & 3D Face Alignment problem? (and a dataset of 230,000 3D facial landmarks)cited by 524
  8. 2022Socratic Models: Composing Zero-Shot Multimodal Reasoning with Languagecited by 513
  9. 2022Visual Classification via Description from Large Language Modelscited by 331
  10. 2021Prompting Visual-Language Models for Efficient Video Understandingcited by 309
  11. 2021An Empirical Study of GPT-3 for Few-Shot Knowledge-Based VQAcited by 298
  12. 2022Exploring Visual Prompts for Adapting Large-Scale Modelscited by 271
  13. 2022EMOCA: Emotion Driven Monocular Face Capture and Animationcited by 254
  14. 2022Faithful Reasoning Using Large Language Modelscited by 130
  15. 2022Learning to Listen: Modeling Non-Deterministic Dyadic Facial Motioncited by 125
  16. 2021Pros and Cons of GAN Evaluation Measures: New Developmentscited by 121
  17. 2021Is Someone Speaking? Exploring Long-term Temporal Features for Audio-visual Active Speaker Detectioncited by 110
  18. 2022The Moral Integrity Corpus: A Benchmark for Ethical Dialogue Systemscited by 92
  19. 2022K-LITE: Learning Transferable Visual Models with External Knowledgecited by 79
  20. 2019Towards Social Artificial Intelligence: Nonverbal Social Signal Prediction in A Triadic Interactioncited by 48
  21. 2022NormSAGE: Multi-Lingual Multi-Cultural Norm Discovery from Conversations On-the-Flycited by 48
  22. 2020Let's Face It: Probabilistic Multi-modal Interlocutor-aware Generation of Facial Gestures in Dyadic Settingscited by 36
  23. 2020Body2Hands: Learning to Infer 3D Hands from Conversational Gesture Body Dynamicscited by 34
  24. 2021Learning Triadic Belief Dynamics in Nonverbal Communication from Videoscited by 17
  25. 2018Interactive Generative Adversarial Networks for Facial Expression Generation in Dyadic Interactionscited by 15
  26. 2022Task Bias in Vision-Language Modelscited by 8

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 5; 2024: 6; 2025: 12; 2026: 11.

34 papers.

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  1. 2023Can Language Models Learn to Listen?cited by 40
  2. 2024INFP: Audio-Driven Interactive Head Generation in Dyadic Conversationscited by 40
  3. 2024Dyadic Interaction Modeling for Social Behavior Generationcited by 32
  4. 2025DualTalk: Dual-Speaker Interaction for 3D Talking Head Conversationscited by 31
  5. 2025Human Motion Video Generation: A Surveycited by 25
  6. 2024CustomListener: Text-guided Responsive Interaction for User-friendly Listening Head Generationcited by 22
  7. 2023Emotional Listener Portrait: Neural Listener Head Generation with Emotioncited by 17
  8. 2026Avatar Forcing: Real-Time Interactive Head Avatar Generation for Natural Conversationcited by 17
  9. 2024DreamDance: Animating Human Images by Enriching 3D Geometry Cues from 2D Posescited by 16
  10. 2025ARIG: Autoregressive Interactive Head Generation for Real-time Conversationscited by 16
  11. 2023Reversible Graph Neural Network-based Reaction Distribution Learning for Multiple Appropriate Facial Reactions Generationcited by 11
  12. 2023AgentAvatar: Disentangling Planning, Driving and Rendering for Photorealistic Avatar Agentscited by 11
22 more
  1. 2026LPM 1.0: Video-based Character Performance Modelcited by 11
  2. 2025DiTaiListener: Controllable High Fidelity Listener Video Generation with Diffusioncited by 10
  3. 2025HumanSense: From Multimodal Perception to Empathetic Context-Aware Responses through Reasoning MLLMscited by 8
  4. 2023REACT2023: the first Multi-modal Multiple Appropriate Facial Reaction Generation Challengecited by 5
  5. 2025DyStream: Streaming Dyadic Talking Heads Generation via Flow Matching-based Autoregressive Modelcited by 5
  6. 2025Exploring Timeline Control for Facial Motion Generationcited by 4
  7. 2025Latent Behavior Diffusion for Sequential Reaction Generation in Dyadic Settingcited by 3
  8. 2025VividListener: Expressive and Controllable Listener Dynamics Modeling for Multi-Modal Responsive Interactioncited by 2
  9. 2024How Video Meetings Change Your Expressioncited by 1
  10. 2025Multi-human Interactive Talking Datasetcited by 1
  11. 2026Face-to-Face: A Video Dataset for Multi-Person Interaction Modelingcited by 1
  12. 2026EmbodiedHead: Real-Time Listening and Speaking Avatar for Conversational Agentscited by 1
  13. 2024Learning to Generate Context-Sensitive Backchannel Smiles for Embodied AI Agents with Applications in Mental Health Dialoguescited by 0
  14. 2025Warm Chat: Diffuse Emotion-aware Interactive Talking Head Avatar with Tree-Structured Guidancecited by 0
  15. 2025A Survey of Body and Face Motion: Datasets, Performance Evaluation Metrics and Generative Techniquescited by 0
  16. 2026Facial Expression Generation Aligned with Human Preference for Natural Dyadic Interactioncited by 0
  17. 2026Talking Together: Synthesizing Co-Located 3D Conversations from Audiocited by 0
  18. 2026ECHO: Towards Emotionally Appropriate and Contextually Aware Interactive Head Generationcited by 0
  19. 2026STEER: Steerable Dyadic Head Avatarscited by 0
  20. 2026EmotionDialogCN: A Spontaneous Multimodal Dataset for Mandarin Emotional Dialoguecited by 0
  21. 2026EvolvingAvatar: Interactive 3D Head Generation That Adapts as Conversations Unfoldcited by 0
  22. 2026GLARE: Generating Listening Heads with Appropriate Reactionscited by 0

Similar, not cited

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  1. 2026DyaDiT: A Multi-Modal Diffusion Transformer for Socially Favorable Dyadic Gesture Generation
  2. 2025Social Agent: Mastering Dyadic Nonverbal Behavior Generation via Conversational LLM Agents
  3. 2024Multimodal Fusion with LLMs for Engagement Prediction in Natural Conversation
  4. 2026Let Me Look at You: Advanced Facial Expression Modeling for Conversational Speech Synthesis
  5. 2025Speaking Beyond Language: A Large-Scale Multimodal Dataset for Learning Nonverbal Cues from Video-Grounded Dialogues
  6. 2025SIV-Bench: A Video Benchmark for Social Interaction Understanding and Reasoning
  7. 2025Towards Online Multi-Modal Social Interaction Understanding
  8. 2026Multimodal Large Language Models as Synthetic Participants in Video-Based Studies: An Evaluation