K-LITE: Learning Transferable Visual Models with External Knowledge
Not on the map. Why?
Cited by 24 in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.
Abstract (arXiv)
The new generation of state-of-the-art computer vision systems are trained from natural language supervision, ranging from simple object category names to descriptive captions. This form of supervision ensures high generality and usability of the learned visual models, due to the broad concept coverage achieved via large-scale data collection process. Alternatively, we argue that learning with external knowledge is a promising way which leverages a much more structured source of supervision and offers sample efficiency. We propose K-LITE, a simple strategy to leverage external knowledge for building transferable visual systems: In training, it enriches entities in text with WordNet and Wiktionary knowledge, leading to an efficient and scalable approach to learning image representations that uses knowledge about the visual concepts. In evaluation, the text is also augmented with external knowledge and then used to reference learned visual concepts (or describe new ones) to enable zero-shot and few-shot transfer of the pre-trained models. We study the performance of K-LITE on two important computer vision problems, image classification and object detection, benchmarking on 20 and 13 different existing datasets, respectively. The proposed knowledge-augmented models show significant improvement in transfer learning performance over existing methods. Our code is available at https://github.com/microsoft/klite.
Key facts. Cited by 79 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 66 of its 107 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Apr 2022.
Builds on
66 of 107 references.
References · 66
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2018BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understandingcited by 40,204
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
- 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,082
- 2020Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Taskscited by 9,160
- 2019Parameter-Efficient Transfer Learning for NLPcited by 4,195
- 2021Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text Supervisioncited by 3,848
- 2015VQA: Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,489
- 2019ViLBERT: Pretraining Task-Agnostic Visiolinguistic Representations for Vision-and-Language Taskscited by 2,219
- 2020REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Trainingcited by 2,126
- 2013Describing Textures in the Wildcited by 2,110
38 more
- 2013Fine-Grained Visual Classification of Aircraftcited by 1,701
- 2021Align before Fuse: Vision and Language Representation Learning with Momentum Distillationcited by 1,612
- 2019LXMERT: Learning Cross-Modality Encoder Representations from Transformerscited by 1,548
- 2017EuroSAT: A Novel Dataset and Deep Learning Benchmark for Land Use and Land Cover Classificationcited by 1,488
- 2018ImageNet-trained CNNs are biased towards texture; increasing shape bias improves accuracy and robustnesscited by 1,430
- 2019VisualBERT: A Simple and Performant Baseline for Vision and Languagecited by 1,291
- 2021Improving language models by retrieving from trillions of tokenscited by 1,278
- 2021ViLT: Vision-and-Language Transformer Without Convolution or Region Supervisioncited by 1,224
- 2019LVIS: A Dataset for Large Vocabulary Instance Segmentationcited by 1,215
- 2020Oscar: Object-Semantics Aligned Pre-training for Vision-Language Taskscited by 1,213
- 2021Conceptual 12M: Pushing Web-Scale Image-Text Pre-Training To Recognize Long-Tail Visual Conceptscited by 1,209
- 2021Grounded Language-Image Pre-trainingcited by 1,147
- 2019OK-VQA: A Visual Question Answering Benchmark Requiring External Knowledgecited by 1,114
- 2016ConceptNet 5.5: An Open Multilingual Graph of General Knowledgecited by 1,065
- 2019VL-BERT: Pre-training of Generic Visual-Linguistic Representationscited by 954
- 2017Revisiting Unreasonable Effectiveness of Data in Deep Learning Eracited by 916
- 2021Florence: A New Foundation Model for Computer Visioncited by 802
- 2017Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification: Benchmark and State of the Artcited by 791
- 2019Big Transfer (BiT): General Visual Representation Learningcited by 766
- 2021FILIP: Fine-grained Interactive Language-Image Pre-Trainingcited by 626
- 2020KILT: a Benchmark for Knowledge Intensive Language Taskscited by 571
- 2017Zero-Shot Learning -- A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Good, the Bad and the Uglycited by 536
- 2020The Hateful Memes Challenge: Detecting Hate Speech in Multimodal Memescited by 485
- 2018nocaps: novel object captioning at scalecited by 444
- 2021SLIP: Self-supervision meets Language-Image Pre-trainingcited by 434
- 2018Rotation Equivariant CNNs for Digital Pathologycited by 420
- 2021Supervision Exists Everywhere: A Data Efficient Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training Paradigmcited by 405
- 2021How Much Can CLIP Benefit Vision-and-Language Tasks?cited by 321
- 2020K-Adapter: Infusing Knowledge into Pre-Trained Models with Adapterscited by 318
- 2019K-BERT: Enabling Language Representation with Knowledge Graphcited by 303
- 2021An Empirical Study of GPT-3 for Few-Shot Knowledge-Based VQAcited by 298
- 2019Knowledge Enhanced Contextual Word Representationscited by 294
- 2013Zero-Shot Learning Through Cross-Modal Transfercited by 237
- 2020Towards Learning a Generic Agent for Vision-and-Language Navigation via Pre-trainingcited by 228
- 2020ERNIE-ViL: Knowledge Enhanced Vision-Language Representations Through Scene Graphcited by 211
- 2022Unified Contrastive Learning in Image-Text-Label Spacecited by 194
- 2016Learning Deep Representations of Fine-grained Visual Descriptionscited by 182
- 2018Zero-shot Recognition via Semantic Embeddings and Knowledge Graphscited by 155
50 most cited of 66 All 66 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 14; 2023: 31; 2024: 21; 2025: 8; 2026: 5.
79 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023Vision-Language Models for Vision Tasks: A Surveycited by 834
- 2022MedCLIP: Contrastive Learning from Unpaired Medical Images and Textcited by 564
- 2022Visual Classification via Description from Large Language Modelscited by 331
- 2022Language in a Bottle: Language Model Guided Concept Bottlenecks for Interpretable Image Classificationcited by 310
- 2022What does a platypus look like? Generating customized prompts for zero-shot image classificationcited by 263
- 2022MaskCLIP: Masked Self-Distillation Advances Contrastive Language-Image Pretrainingcited by 187
- 2024Exploring scalable medical image encoders beyond text supervisioncited by 129
- 2022Vision-Language Pre-training: Basics, Recent Advances, and Future Trendscited by 117
- 2023Waffling around for Performance: Visual Classification with Random Words and Broad Conceptscited by 100
- 2023Scaling Vision-Language Models with Sparse Mixture of Expertscited by 88
- 2023CHiLS: Zero-Shot Image Classification with Hierarchical Label Setscited by 79
- 2024BASE TTS: Lessons from building a billion-parameter Text-to-Speech model on 100K hours of datacited by 74
38 more
- 2023Learning Multi-modal Representations by Watching Hundreds of Surgical Video Lecturescited by 68
- 2023Open-Set Image Tagging with Multi-Grained Text Supervisioncited by 67
- 2022Medical Image Understanding with Pretrained Vision Language Models: A Comprehensive Studycited by 66
- 2024The Neglected Tails in Vision-Language Modelscited by 63
- 2023Learning Customized Visual Models with Retrieval-Augmented Knowledgecited by 58
- 2022Multitask Vision-Language Prompt Tuningcited by 51
- 2023Incorporating Structured Representations into Pretrained Vision & Language Models Using Scene Graphscited by 39
- 2023KERM: Knowledge Enhanced Reasoning for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 38
- 2024Procedure-Aware Surgical Video-language Pretraining with Hierarchical Knowledge Augmentationcited by 38
- 2023Retrieval-Enhanced Contrastive Vision-Text Modelscited by 36
- 2023CoTDet: Affordance Knowledge Prompting for Task Driven Object Detectioncited by 36
- 2023Language Models as Black-Box Optimizers for Vision-Language Modelscited by 36
- 2024Knowledge-Enhanced Dual-stream Zero-shot Composed Image Retrievalcited by 36
- 2023Affective Faces for Goal-Driven Dyadic Communicationcited by 34
- 2023Knowledge-Aware Prompt Tuning for Generalizable Vision-Language Modelscited by 30
- 2022Doubly Right Object Recognition: A Why Prompt for Visual Rationalescited by 29
- 2023DIME-FM: DIstilling Multimodal and Efficient Foundation Modelscited by 28
- 2024Few-shot Adaptation of Multi-modal Foundation Models: A Surveycited by 28
- 2023CapDet: Unifying Dense Captioning and Open-World Detection Pretrainingcited by 26
- 2023DesCo: Learning Object Recognition with Rich Language Descriptionscited by 25
- 2024Exploring the Potential of Large Foundation Models for Open-Vocabulary HOI Detectioncited by 25
- 2023Learning Hierarchical Prompt with Structured Linguistic Knowledge for Vision-Language Modelscited by 23
- 2024Delving into Multi-modal Multi-task Foundation Models for Road Scene Understanding: From Learning Paradigm Perspectivescited by 22
- 2024HEMM: Holistic Evaluation of Multimodal Foundation Modelscited by 21
- 2023Strong but simple: A Baseline for Domain Generalized Dense Perception by CLIP-based Transfer Learningcited by 20
- 2024kNN-CLIP: Retrieval Enables Training-Free Segmentation on Continually Expanding Large Vocabulariescited by 20
- 2022LaKo: Knowledge-driven Visual Question Answering via Late Knowledge-to-Text Injectioncited by 18
- 2023DisCo-CLIP: A Distributed Contrastive Loss for Memory Efficient CLIP Trainingcited by 15
- 2023Benchmarking Zero-Shot Recognition with Vision-Language Models: Challenges on Granularity and Specificitycited by 14
- 2022DisinfoMeme: A Multimodal Dataset for Detecting Meme Intentionally Spreading Out Disinformationcited by 13
- 2022Prefix Conditioning Unifies Language and Label Supervisioncited by 13
- 2023Multimodal Foundation Models for Zero-shot Animal Species Recognition in Camera Trap Imagescited by 13
- 2023Towards Medical Artificial General Intelligence via Knowledge-Enhanced Multimodal Pretrainingcited by 11
- 2023DeepSpeed-VisualChat: Multi-Round Multi-Image Interleave Chat via Multi-Modal Causal Attentioncited by 10
- 2023Integrating Language-Derived Appearance Elements with Visual Cues in Pedestrian Detectioncited by 10
- 2024Understanding Retrieval-Augmented Task Adaptation for Vision-Language Modelscited by 10
- 2024Limitations in Employing Natural Language Supervision for Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition -- And Ways to Overcome Themcited by 10
- 2022Improving Commonsense in Vision-Language Models via Knowledge Graph Riddlescited by 7
50 most cited of 79 All 79 (JSON)
- 2026Concept Driven Domain Adaptation: Finding an Abstract Needle in a Haystack1 Oct 2026
- 2026G2D: Generative-to-Discriminative Collaborative Inference for Zero-Shot Image Classification27 Aug 2026
- 2026Attributes Should Come from Images, Not Class Names: Distribution-Conditioned Attribute Selection for Vision-Language Models21 Jul 2026
- 2026Dodgersort: Uncertainty-Aware VLM-Guided Human-in-the-Loop Pairwise Ranking21 Mar 2026
- 2026SARE: Sample-wise Adaptive Reasoning for Training-free Fine-grained Visual Recognition18 Mar 2026
- 2025Bridging Visual Affective Gap: Borrowing Textual Knowledge by Learning from Noisy Image-Text Pairs21 Nov 2025
- 2025EZ-Sort: Efficient Pairwise Comparison via Zero-Shot CLIP-Based Pre-Ordering and Human-in-the-Loop Sorting29 Aug 2025
- 2025MangaDiT: Reference-Guided Line Art Colorization with Hierarchical Attention in Diffusion Transformers13 Aug 2025
- 2025Remote Sensing Image Intelligent Interpretation with the Language-Centered Perspective: Principles, Methods and Challenges9 Aug 2025
- 2025MSGCoOp: Multiple Semantic-Guided Context Optimization for Few-Shot Learning29 Jul 2025
- 2025D'ej`a Vu: Efficient Video-Language Query Engine with Learning-based Inter-Frame Computation Reuse17 Jun 2025
- 2025Making Better Mistakes in CLIP-Based Zero-Shot Classification with Hierarchy-Aware Language Prompts4 Mar 2025
38 more
- 2025Coreset Selection via LLM-based Concept Bottlenecks23 Feb 2025
- 2024Composing Open-domain Vision with RAG for Ocean Monitoring and Conservation3 Dec 2024
- 2024If you can describe it, they can see it: Cross-Modal Learning of Visual Concepts from Textual Descriptions23 Nov 2024
- 2024Finding NeMo: Negative-mined Mosaic Augmentation for Referring Image Segmentation3 Nov 2024
- 2024Beyond Accuracy: Ensuring Correct Predictions With Correct Rationales31 Oct 2024
- 2024Aggregate-and-Adapt Natural Language Prompts for Downstream Generalization of CLIP31 Oct 2024
- 2024Anchors Aweigh! Sail for Optimal Unified Multi-Modal Representations2 Oct 2024
- 2024Procedure-Aware Surgical Video-language Pretraining with Hierarchical Knowledge Augmentation30 Sep 2024
- 2024HPT++: Hierarchically Prompting Vision-Language Models with Multi-Granularity Knowledge Generation and Improved Structure Modeling27 Aug 2024
- 2024Limitations in Employing Natural Language Supervision for Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition -- And Ways to Overcome Them21 Aug 2024
- 2024HEMM: Holistic Evaluation of Multimodal Foundation Models3 Jul 2024
- 2024Disease-informed Adaptation of Vision-Language Models24 May 2024
- 2024Understanding Retrieval-Augmented Task Adaptation for Vision-Language Models2 May 2024
- 2024kNN-CLIP: Retrieval Enables Training-Free Segmentation on Continually Expanding Large Vocabularies15 Apr 2024
- 2024Exploring the Potential of Large Foundation Models for Open-Vocabulary HOI Detection9 Apr 2024
- 2024Knowledge-Enhanced Dual-stream Zero-shot Composed Image Retrieval24 Mar 2024
- 2024TextBlockV2: Towards Precise-Detection-Free Scene Text Spotting with Pre-trained Language Model15 Mar 2024
- 2024BASE TTS: Lessons from building a billion-parameter Text-to-Speech model on 100K hours of data12 Feb 2024
- 2024Delving into Multi-modal Multi-task Foundation Models for Road Scene Understanding: From Learning Paradigm Perspectives5 Feb 2024
- 2024The Neglected Tails in Vision-Language Models23 Jan 2024
- 2024Exploring scalable medical image encoders beyond text supervision19 Jan 2024
- 2024Few-shot Adaptation of Multi-modal Foundation Models: A Survey3 Jan 2024
- 2023Learning Hierarchical Prompt with Structured Linguistic Knowledge for Vision-Language Models11 Dec 2023
- 2023Strong but simple: A Baseline for Domain Generalized Dense Perception by CLIP-based Transfer Learning4 Dec 2023
- 2023Inferring Latent Class Statistics from Text for Robust Visual Few-Shot Learning24 Nov 2023
- 2023Language Semantic Graph Guided Data-Efficient Learning15 Nov 2023
- 2023Multimodal Foundation Models for Zero-shot Animal Species Recognition in Camera Trap Images2 Nov 2023
- 2023Integrating Language-Derived Appearance Elements with Visual Cues in Pedestrian Detection2 Nov 2023
- 2023Open-Set Image Tagging with Multi-Grained Text Supervision23 Oct 2023
- 2023DeepSpeed-VisualChat: Multi-Round Multi-Image Interleave Chat via Multi-Modal Causal Attention25 Sep 2023
- 2023Language Models as Black-Box Optimizers for Vision-Language Models12 Sep 2023
- 2023Exploiting CLIP for Zero-shot HOI Detection Requires Knowledge Distillation at Multiple Levels10 Sep 2023
- 2023CoTDet: Affordance Knowledge Prompting for Task Driven Object Detection3 Sep 2023
- 2023Knowledge-Aware Prompt Tuning for Generalizable Vision-Language Models22 Aug 2023
- 2023Learning Multi-modal Representations by Watching Hundreds of Surgical Video Lectures27 Jul 2023
- 2023LAMP: Leveraging Language Prompts for Multi-person Pose Estimation21 Jul 2023
- 2023Benchmarking Zero-Shot Recognition with Vision-Language Models: Challenges on Granularity and Specificity28 Jun 2023
- 2023DesCo: Learning Object Recognition with Rich Language Descriptions24 Jun 2023
50 newest of 79 All 79 (JSON)
- 2023Vision-Language Models for Vision Tasks: A Surveycited by 834
- 2022Visual Classification via Description from Large Language Modelscited by 331
- 2022Vision-Language Pre-training: Basics, Recent Advances, and Future Trendscited by 117
- 2023Waffling around for Performance: Visual Classification with Random Words and Broad Conceptscited by 100
- 2023Scaling Vision-Language Models with Sparse Mixture of Expertscited by 88
- 2022Medical Image Understanding with Pretrained Vision Language Models: A Comprehensive Studycited by 66
- 2024The Neglected Tails in Vision-Language Modelscited by 63
- 2022Multitask Vision-Language Prompt Tuningcited by 51
- 2023Language Models as Black-Box Optimizers for Vision-Language Modelscited by 36
- 2023Knowledge-Aware Prompt Tuning for Generalizable Vision-Language Modelscited by 30
- 2023DIME-FM: DIstilling Multimodal and Efficient Foundation Modelscited by 28
- 2023CapDet: Unifying Dense Captioning and Open-World Detection Pretrainingcited by 26
12 most cited of 22 All 22 (JSON)
- 2026Attributes Should Come from Images, Not Class Names: Distribution-Conditioned Attribute Selection for Vision-Language Models21 Jul 2026
- 2025MSGCoOp: Multiple Semantic-Guided Context Optimization for Few-Shot Learning29 Jul 2025
- 2024Aggregate-and-Adapt Natural Language Prompts for Downstream Generalization of CLIP31 Oct 2024
- 2024HPT++: Hierarchically Prompting Vision-Language Models with Multi-Granularity Knowledge Generation and Improved Structure Modeling27 Aug 2024
- 2024Disease-informed Adaptation of Vision-Language Models24 May 2024
- 2024Understanding Retrieval-Augmented Task Adaptation for Vision-Language Models2 May 2024
- 2024The Neglected Tails in Vision-Language Models23 Jan 2024
- 2023Learning Hierarchical Prompt with Structured Linguistic Knowledge for Vision-Language Models11 Dec 2023
- 2023Strong but simple: A Baseline for Domain Generalized Dense Perception by CLIP-based Transfer Learning4 Dec 2023
- 2023Language Models as Black-Box Optimizers for Vision-Language Models12 Sep 2023
- 2023Knowledge-Aware Prompt Tuning for Generalizable Vision-Language Models22 Aug 2023
- 2023Benchmarking Zero-Shot Recognition with Vision-Language Models: Challenges on Granularity and Specificity28 Jun 2023
12 newest of 22 All 22 (JSON)
- 2022MedCLIP: Contrastive Learning from Unpaired Medical Images and Textcited by 564
- 2022Language in a Bottle: Language Model Guided Concept Bottlenecks for Interpretable Image Classificationcited by 310
- 2022What does a platypus look like? Generating customized prompts for zero-shot image classificationcited by 263
- 2022MaskCLIP: Masked Self-Distillation Advances Contrastive Language-Image Pretrainingcited by 187
- 2024Exploring scalable medical image encoders beyond text supervisioncited by 129
- 2023CHiLS: Zero-Shot Image Classification with Hierarchical Label Setscited by 79
- 2024BASE TTS: Lessons from building a billion-parameter Text-to-Speech model on 100K hours of datacited by 74
- 2023Learning Multi-modal Representations by Watching Hundreds of Surgical Video Lecturescited by 68
- 2023Open-Set Image Tagging with Multi-Grained Text Supervisioncited by 67
- 2023Incorporating Structured Representations into Pretrained Vision & Language Models Using Scene Graphscited by 39
- 2023KERM: Knowledge Enhanced Reasoning for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 38
- 2024Procedure-Aware Surgical Video-language Pretraining with Hierarchical Knowledge Augmentationcited by 38
12 most cited of 53 All 53 (JSON)
- 2026Concept Driven Domain Adaptation: Finding an Abstract Needle in a Haystack1 Oct 2026
- 2026Dodgersort: Uncertainty-Aware VLM-Guided Human-in-the-Loop Pairwise Ranking21 Mar 2026
- 2025Bridging Visual Affective Gap: Borrowing Textual Knowledge by Learning from Noisy Image-Text Pairs21 Nov 2025
- 2025EZ-Sort: Efficient Pairwise Comparison via Zero-Shot CLIP-Based Pre-Ordering and Human-in-the-Loop Sorting29 Aug 2025
- 2025Remote Sensing Image Intelligent Interpretation with the Language-Centered Perspective: Principles, Methods and Challenges9 Aug 2025
- 2025D'ej`a Vu: Efficient Video-Language Query Engine with Learning-based Inter-Frame Computation Reuse17 Jun 2025
- 2025Making Better Mistakes in CLIP-Based Zero-Shot Classification with Hierarchy-Aware Language Prompts4 Mar 2025
- 2025Coreset Selection via LLM-based Concept Bottlenecks23 Feb 2025
- 2024Composing Open-domain Vision with RAG for Ocean Monitoring and Conservation3 Dec 2024
- 2024If you can describe it, they can see it: Cross-Modal Learning of Visual Concepts from Textual Descriptions23 Nov 2024
- 2024Finding NeMo: Negative-mined Mosaic Augmentation for Referring Image Segmentation3 Nov 2024
- 2024Beyond Accuracy: Ensuring Correct Predictions With Correct Rationales31 Oct 2024
12 newest of 53 All 53 (JSON)