3DPeople: Modeling the Geometry of Dressed Humans
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Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advances in 3D human shape estimation build upon parametric representations that model very well the shape of the naked body, but are not appropriate to represent the clothing geometry. In this paper, we present an approach to model dressed humans and predict their geometry from single images. We contribute in three fundamental aspects of the problem, namely, a new dataset, a novel shape parameterization algorithm and an end-to-end deep generative network for predicting shape. First, we present 3DPeople, a large-scale synthetic dataset with 2.5 Million photo-realistic images of 80 subjects performing 70 activities and wearing diverse outfits. Besides providing textured 3D meshes for clothes and body, we annotate the dataset with segmentation masks, skeletons, depth, normal maps and optical flow. All this together makes 3DPeople suitable for a plethora of tasks. We then represent the 3D shapes using 2D geometry images. To build these images we propose a novel spherical area-preserving parameterization algorithm based on the optimal mass transportation method. We show this approach to improve existing spherical maps which tend to shrink the elongated parts of the full body models such as the arms and legs, making the geometry images incomplete. Finally, we design a multi-resolution deep generative network that, given an input image of a dressed human, predicts his/her geometry image (and thus the clothed body shape) in an end-to-end manner. We obtain very promising results in jointly capturing body pose and clothing shape, both for synthetic validation and on the wild images.
Key facts. Cited by 58 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 9 Apr 2019.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 21; 2022: 13; 2023: 7; 2024: 12; 2025: 4; 2026: 1.
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- 2023BEDLAM: A Synthetic Dataset of Bodies Exhibiting Detailed Lifelike Animated Motioncited by 229
- 2021AGORA: Avatars in Geography Optimized for Regression Analysiscited by 203
- 2022Fake it till you make it: Learning transferable representations from synthetic ImageNet clonescited by 171
- 2021SMPLicit: Topology-aware Generative Model for Clothed Peoplecited by 154
- 2022StyleGAN-Human: A Data-Centric Odyssey of Human Generationcited by 143
- 2021Self-Supervised Collision Handling via Generative 3D Garment Models for Virtual Try-Oncited by 81
- 2021H3D-Net: Few-Shot High-Fidelity 3D Head Reconstructioncited by 81
- 2021Playing for 3D Human Recoverycited by 63
- 2022UnrealEgo: A New Dataset for Robust Egocentric 3D Human Motion Capturecited by 56
- 2022Learning 3D Human Pose Estimation from Dozens of Datasets using a Geometry-Aware Autoencoder to Bridge Between Skeleton Formatscited by 50
- 2023Global-correlated 3D-decoupling Transformer for Clothed Avatar Reconstructioncited by 42
- 2021NeuralHumanFVV: Real-Time Neural Volumetric Human Performance Rendering using RGB Camerascited by 40
38 more
- 2022Registering Explicit to Implicit: Towards High-Fidelity Garment mesh Reconstruction from Single Imagescited by 39
- 2022Predicting Loose-Fitting Garment Deformations Using Bone-Driven Motion Networkscited by 39
- 20213D Human Texture Estimation from a Single Image with Transformerscited by 35
- 2021Generating Datasets of 3D Garments with Sewing Patternscited by 34
- 2023Towards Garment Sewing Pattern Reconstruction from a Single Imagecited by 33
- 2021Video Pose Distillation for Few-Shot, Fine-Grained Sports Action Recognitioncited by 29
- 2021HSPACE: Synthetic Parametric Humans Animated in Complex Environmentscited by 29
- 2022Benchmarking and Analyzing 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation Beyond Algorithmscited by 28
- 2024EgoGen: An Egocentric Synthetic Data Generatorcited by 27
- 2024GarmentCodeData: A Dataset of 3D Made-to-Measure Garments With Sewing Patternscited by 27
- 20213D Human Pose, Shape and Texture from Low-Resolution Images and Videoscited by 26
- 2021ChallenCap: Monocular 3D Capture of Challenging Human Performances using Multi-Modal Referencescited by 26
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Human Video Generation: Challenges, Methods, and Insightscited by 24
- 2025BEDLAM2.0: Synthetic Humans and Cameras in Motioncited by 21
- 2022Structured 3D Features for Reconstructing Controllable Avatarscited by 19
- 2023Towards Multi-Layered 3D Garments Animationcited by 16
- 2024Dense Hand-Object(HO) GraspNet with Full Grasping Taxonomy and Dynamicscited by 15
- 2021Multi-person Implicit Reconstruction from a Single Imagecited by 13
- 20234DHumanOutfit: a multi-subject 4D dataset of human motion sequences in varying outfits exhibiting large displacementscited by 12
- 2021Body Size and Depth Disambiguation in Multi-Person Reconstruction from Single Imagescited by 11
- 2022SmartPortraits: Depth Powered Handheld Smartphone Dataset of Human Portraits for State Estimation, Reconstruction and Synthesiscited by 7
- 2023Learning Anchor Transformations for 3D Garment Animationcited by 7
- 2024DiffBody: Diffusion-based Pose and Shape Editing of Human Imagescited by 6
- 2024GenFormer -- Generated Images are All You Need to Improve Robustness of Transformers on Small Datasetscited by 6
- 2024WheelPose: Data Synthesis Techniques to Improve Pose Estimation Performance on Wheelchair Userscited by 5
- 2021Exploring AI in Fashion: A Review of Aesthetics, Personalization, Virtual Try-On, and Forecastingcited by 4
- 2021Smart Fashion: A Review of AI Applications in the Fashion & Apparel Industrycited by 4
- 2024ShapeBoost: Boosting Human Shape Estimation with Part-Based Parameterization and Clothing-Preserving Augmentationcited by 4
- 2021Temporal Consistency Loss for High Resolution Textured and Clothed 3DHuman Reconstruction from Monocular Videocited by 3
- 2025Gen4D: Synthesizing Humans and Scenes in the Wildcited by 3
- 2021Joint 3D Human Shape Recovery and Pose Estimation from a Single Image with Bilayer Graphcited by 1
- 2021PhysXNet: A Customizable Approach for LearningCloth Dynamics on Dressed Peoplecited by 1
- 2021A Deeper Look into DeepCapcited by 1
- 2022Decanus to Legatus: Synthetic training for 2D-3D human pose liftingcited by 1
- 2024Dress-Me-Up: A Dataset & Method for Self-Supervised 3D Garment Retargetingcited by 1
- 2021Adaptive area-preserving parameterization of open and closed anatomical surfacescited by 0
- 2022Single-view 3D Body and Cloth Reconstruction under Complex Posescited by 0
- 2022MVMO: A Multi-Object Dataset for Wide Baseline Multi-View Semantic Segmentationcited by 0
50 most cited of 58 All 58 (JSON)
- 2026An integrated geometric quantification and shape analysis framework for axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients28 Sep 2026
- 2025Avatar4D: Synthesizing Domain-Specific 4D Humans for Real-World Pose Estimation18 Dec 2025
- 2025BEDLAM2.0: Synthetic Humans and Cameras in Motion18 Nov 2025
- 2025OpenHuman4D: Open-Vocabulary 4D Human Parsing14 Jul 2025
- 2025Gen4D: Synthesizing Humans and Scenes in the Wild3 Jun 2025
- 2024AIpparel: A Multimodal Foundation Model for Digital Garments5 Dec 2024
- 2024Revisiting the Role of Texture in 3D Person Re-identification1 Oct 2024
- 2024Dense Hand-Object(HO) GraspNet with Full Grasping Taxonomy and Dynamics6 Sep 2024
- 2024GenFormer -- Generated Images are All You Need to Improve Robustness of Transformers on Small Datasets26 Aug 2024
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Human Video Generation: Challenges, Methods, and Insights11 Jul 2024
- 2024GarmentCodeData: A Dataset of 3D Made-to-Measure Garments With Sewing Patterns27 May 2024
- 2024WheelPose: Data Synthesis Techniques to Improve Pose Estimation Performance on Wheelchair Users25 Apr 2024
38 more
- 2024Multi Positive Contrastive Learning with Pose-Consistent Generated Images4 Apr 2024
- 2024ShapeBoost: Boosting Human Shape Estimation with Part-Based Parameterization and Clothing-Preserving Augmentation2 Mar 2024
- 2024EgoGen: An Egocentric Synthetic Data Generator16 Jan 2024
- 2024Dress-Me-Up: A Dataset & Method for Self-Supervised 3D Garment Retargeting6 Jan 2024
- 2024DiffBody: Diffusion-based Pose and Shape Editing of Human Images5 Jan 2024
- 2023SHARE: Single-view Human Adversarial REconstruction30 Dec 2023
- 2023Towards Garment Sewing Pattern Reconstruction from a Single Image7 Nov 2023
- 2023Global-correlated 3D-decoupling Transformer for Clothed Avatar Reconstruction24 Sep 2023
- 2023BEDLAM: A Synthetic Dataset of Bodies Exhibiting Detailed Lifelike Animated Motion29 Jun 2023
- 20234DHumanOutfit: a multi-subject 4D dataset of human motion sequences in varying outfits exhibiting large displacements12 Jun 2023
- 2023Towards Multi-Layered 3D Garments Animation17 May 2023
- 2023Learning Anchor Transformations for 3D Garment Animation3 Apr 2023
- 2022Learning 3D Human Pose Estimation from Dozens of Datasets using a Geometry-Aware Autoencoder to Bridge Between Skeleton Formats29 Dec 2022
- 2022Fake it till you make it: Learning transferable representations from synthetic ImageNet clones16 Dec 2022
- 2022Structured 3D Features for Reconstructing Controllable Avatars13 Dec 2022
- 2022Decanus to Legatus: Synthetic training for 2D-3D human pose lifting5 Oct 2022
- 2022Benchmarking and Analyzing 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation Beyond Algorithms21 Sep 2022
- 2022Inferring Implicit 3D Representations from Human Figures on Pictorial Maps30 Aug 2022
- 2022UnrealEgo: A New Dataset for Robust Egocentric 3D Human Motion Capture2 Aug 2022
- 2022MVMO: A Multi-Object Dataset for Wide Baseline Multi-View Semantic Segmentation30 May 2022
- 2022Single-view 3D Body and Cloth Reconstruction under Complex Poses9 May 2022
- 2022Predicting Loose-Fitting Garment Deformations Using Bone-Driven Motion Networks3 May 2022
- 2022StyleGAN-Human: A Data-Centric Odyssey of Human Generation25 Apr 2022
- 2022SmartPortraits: Depth Powered Handheld Smartphone Dataset of Human Portraits for State Estimation, Reconstruction and Synthesis21 Apr 2022
- 2022Registering Explicit to Implicit: Towards High-Fidelity Garment mesh Reconstruction from Single Images28 Mar 2022
- 2021HSPACE: Synthetic Parametric Humans Animated in Complex Environments23 Dec 2021
- 2021A Deeper Look into DeepCap20 Nov 2021
- 2021PhysXNet: A Customizable Approach for LearningCloth Dynamics on Dressed People13 Nov 2021
- 2021Adaptive area-preserving parameterization of open and closed anatomical surfaces8 Nov 2021
- 2021Body Size and Depth Disambiguation in Multi-Person Reconstruction from Single Images2 Nov 2021
- 2021Smart Fashion: A Review of AI Applications in the Fashion & Apparel Industry28 Oct 2021
- 2021Joint 3D Human Shape Recovery and Pose Estimation from a Single Image with Bilayer Graph16 Oct 2021
- 2021Playing for 3D Human Recovery14 Oct 2021
- 2021Generating Datasets of 3D Garments with Sewing Patterns12 Sep 2021
- 20213D Human Texture Estimation from a Single Image with Transformers6 Sep 2021
- 2021Video Pose Distillation for Few-Shot, Fine-Grained Sports Action Recognition3 Sep 2021
- 2021H3D-Net: Few-Shot High-Fidelity 3D Head Reconstruction26 Jul 2021
- 2021Self-Supervised Collision Handling via Generative 3D Garment Models for Virtual Try-On13 May 2021
50 newest of 58 All 58 (JSON)
- 2023BEDLAM: A Synthetic Dataset of Bodies Exhibiting Detailed Lifelike Animated Motioncited by 229
- 2021AGORA: Avatars in Geography Optimized for Regression Analysiscited by 203
- 2021SMPLicit: Topology-aware Generative Model for Clothed Peoplecited by 154
- 2022StyleGAN-Human: A Data-Centric Odyssey of Human Generationcited by 143
- 2021Self-Supervised Collision Handling via Generative 3D Garment Models for Virtual Try-Oncited by 81
- 2021H3D-Net: Few-Shot High-Fidelity 3D Head Reconstructioncited by 81
- 2021Playing for 3D Human Recoverycited by 63
- 2022UnrealEgo: A New Dataset for Robust Egocentric 3D Human Motion Capturecited by 56
- 2022Learning 3D Human Pose Estimation from Dozens of Datasets using a Geometry-Aware Autoencoder to Bridge Between Skeleton Formatscited by 50
- 2023Global-correlated 3D-decoupling Transformer for Clothed Avatar Reconstructioncited by 42
- 2021NeuralHumanFVV: Real-Time Neural Volumetric Human Performance Rendering using RGB Camerascited by 40
- 2022Registering Explicit to Implicit: Towards High-Fidelity Garment mesh Reconstruction from Single Imagescited by 39
12 most cited of 57 All 57 (JSON)
- 2026An integrated geometric quantification and shape analysis framework for axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients28 Sep 2026
- 2025Avatar4D: Synthesizing Domain-Specific 4D Humans for Real-World Pose Estimation18 Dec 2025
- 2025BEDLAM2.0: Synthetic Humans and Cameras in Motion18 Nov 2025
- 2025OpenHuman4D: Open-Vocabulary 4D Human Parsing14 Jul 2025
- 2025Gen4D: Synthesizing Humans and Scenes in the Wild3 Jun 2025
- 2024AIpparel: A Multimodal Foundation Model for Digital Garments5 Dec 2024
- 2024Revisiting the Role of Texture in 3D Person Re-identification1 Oct 2024
- 2024Dense Hand-Object(HO) GraspNet with Full Grasping Taxonomy and Dynamics6 Sep 2024
- 2024GenFormer -- Generated Images are All You Need to Improve Robustness of Transformers on Small Datasets26 Aug 2024
- 2024A Comprehensive Survey on Human Video Generation: Challenges, Methods, and Insights11 Jul 2024
- 2024GarmentCodeData: A Dataset of 3D Made-to-Measure Garments With Sewing Patterns27 May 2024
- 2024WheelPose: Data Synthesis Techniques to Improve Pose Estimation Performance on Wheelchair Users25 Apr 2024
12 newest of 57 All 57 (JSON)