Global Tracking Transformers
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
We present a novel transformer-based architecture for global multi-object tracking. Our network takes a short sequence of frames as input and produces global trajectories for all objects. The core component is a global tracking transformer that operates on objects from all frames in the sequence. The transformer encodes object features from all frames, and uses trajectory queries to group them into trajectories. The trajectory queries are object features from a single frame and naturally produce unique trajectories. Our global tracking transformer does not require intermediate pairwise grouping or combinatorial association, and can be jointly trained with an object detector. It achieves competitive performance on the popular MOT17 benchmark, with 75.3 MOTA and 59.1 HOTA. More importantly, our framework seamlessly integrates into state-of-the-art large-vocabulary detectors to track any objects. Experiments on the challenging TAO dataset show that our framework consistently improves upon baselines that are based on pairwise association, outperforming published works by a significant 7.7 tracking mAP. Code is available at https://github.com/xingyizhou/GTR.
Key facts. Cited by 110 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 60 of its 71 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 24 Mar 2022.
Builds on
60 of 71 references.
References · 60
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,498
- 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,082
- 2015Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networkscited by 9,617
- 2014ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challengecited by 8,441
- 2020End-to-End Object Detection with Transformerscited by 7,384
- 2017Mask R-CNNcited by 7,259
- 2016Layer Normalizationcited by 5,579
- 2020Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attentioncited by 4,560
- 2020Deformable DETR: Deformable Transformers for End-to-End Object Detectioncited by 3,410
- 2013Rich feature hierarchies for accurate object detection and semantic segmentationcited by 2,160
38 more
- 2019FCOS: Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detectioncited by 1,573
- 2017Deformable Convolutional Networkscited by 1,481
- 2017Cascade R-CNN: Delving into High Quality Object Detectioncited by 1,275
- 2019LVIS: A Dataset for Large Vocabulary Instance Segmentationcited by 1,215
- 2019Objects as Pointscited by 1,172
- 2019EfficientDet: Scalable and Efficient Object Detectioncited by 1,018
- 2016Simple Online and Realtime Trackingcited by 862
- 2020HOTA: A Higher Order Metric for Evaluating Multi-Object Trackingcited by 546
- 2016MOT16: A Benchmark for Multi-Object Trackingcited by 531
- 2021TrackFormer: Multi-Object Tracking with Transformerscited by 515
- 2020Sparse R-CNN: End-to-End Object Detection with Learnable Proposalscited by 494
- 2020FairMOT: On the Fairness of Detection and Re-Identification in Multiple Object Trackingcited by 489
- 2020Tracking Objects as Pointscited by 483
- 2018GOT-10k: A Large High-Diversity Benchmark for Generic Object Tracking in the Wildcited by 471
- 2019Res2Net: A New Multi-scale Backbone Architecturecited by 468
- 2020End-to-End Video Instance Segmentation with Transformerscited by 443
- 2017Deep Layer Aggregationcited by 436
- 2019Bag of Tricks and A Strong Baseline for Deep Person Re-identificationcited by 429
- 2019Tracking without bells and whistlescited by 382
- 2021MOTR: End-to-End Multiple-Object Tracking with Transformercited by 379
- 2020TransTrack: Multiple Object Tracking with Transformercited by 370
- 2020Exploring Self-attention for Image Recognitioncited by 313
- 2019Towards Real-Time Multi-Object Trackingcited by 311
- 2018CrowdHuman: A Benchmark for Detecting Human in a Crowdcited by 283
- 2018Long-Term Feature Banks for Detailed Video Understandingcited by 239
- 2020Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning for Multiple Object Trackingcited by 220
- 2021Group-Free 3D Object Detection via Transformerscited by 215
- 2019Learning a Neural Solver for Multiple Object Trackingcited by 198
- 2020Rethinking Transformer-based Set Prediction for Object Detectioncited by 156
- 2021Track to Detect and Segment: An Online Multi-Object Trackercited by 156
- 2020TAO: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Tracking Any Objectcited by 146
- 2021Unidentified Video Objects: A Benchmark for Dense, Open-World Segmentationcited by 133
- 2021Probabilistic two-stage detectioncited by 130
- 2020Memory Enhanced Global-Local Aggregation for Video Object Detectioncited by 128
- 2021Learning to Track with Object Permanencecited by 117
- 2020Chained-Tracker: Chaining Paired Attentive Regression Results for End-to-End Joint Multiple-Object Detection and Trackingcited by 115
- 2017YouTube-BoundingBoxes: A Large High-Precision Human-Annotated Data Set for Object Detection in Videocited by 109
- 2020Rethinking the competition between detection and ReID in Multi-Object Trackingcited by 101
50 most cited of 60 All 60 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 16; 2023: 30; 2024: 35; 2025: 14; 2026: 15.
110 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2022Observation-Centric SORT: Rethinking SORT for Robust Multi-Object Trackingcited by 345
- 2022MOTRv2: Bootstrapping End-to-End Multi-Object Tracking by Pretrained Object Detectorscited by 148
- 2023SportsMOT: A Large Multi-Object Tracking Dataset in Multiple Sports Scenescited by 130
- 2022VITA: Video Instance Segmentation via Object Token Associationcited by 94
- 2023MeMOTR: Long-Term Memory-Augmented Transformer for Multi-Object Trackingcited by 86
- 2022Hard to Track Objects with Irregular Motions and Similar Appearances? Make It Easier by Buffering the Matching Spacecited by 66
- 2023Hybrid-SORT: Weak Cues Matter for Online Multi-Object Trackingcited by 66
- 2022Unifying Short and Long-Term Tracking with Graph Hierarchiescited by 62
- 2022QDTrack: Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning for Appearance-Only Multiple Object Trackingcited by 61
- 2024DiffMOT: A Real-time Diffusion-based Multiple Object Tracker with Non-linear Predictioncited by 59
- 2024Multiple Object Tracking as ID Predictioncited by 58
- 2023OVTrack: Open-Vocabulary Multiple Object Trackingcited by 53
38 more
- 2024Matching Anything by Segmenting Anythingcited by 49
- 2023SparseTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Performing Scene Decomposition based on Pseudo-Depthcited by 48
- 2022Simple Cues Lead to a Strong Multi-Object Trackercited by 44
- 2023Frame-Event Alignment and Fusion Network for High Frame Rate Trackingcited by 43
- 2023DiffusionTrack: Diffusion Model For Multi-Object Trackingcited by 40
- 2022Where is my Wallet? Modeling Object Proposal Sets for Egocentric Visual Query Localizationcited by 24
- 2024Towards Generalizable Multi-Object Trackingcited by 22
- 2023TOPIC: A Parallel Association Paradigm for Multi-Object Tracking under Complex Motions and Diverse Scenescited by 21
- 2023ByteTrackV2: 2D and 3D Multi-Object Tracking by Associating Every Detection Boxcited by 20
- 2023Bridging the Gap Between End-to-end and Non-End-to-end Multi-Object Trackingcited by 20
- 2023MotionTrack: Learning Motion Predictor for Multiple Object Trackingcited by 20
- 2023Single-Stage Visual Query Localization in Egocentric Videoscited by 20
- 2024Samba: Synchronized Set-of-Sequences Modeling for Multiple Object Trackingcited by 20
- 2023MotionTrack: End-to-End Transformer-based Multi-Object Tracing with LiDAR-Camera Fusioncited by 19
- 2024EchoTrack: Auditory Referring Multi-Object Tracking for Autonomous Drivingcited by 18
- 2024Delving into the Trajectory Long-tail Distribution for Muti-object Trackingcited by 18
- 2025SAM2MOT: A Novel Paradigm of Multi-Object Tracking by Segmentationcited by 17
- 2024Self-Supervised Multi-Object Tracking with Path Consistencycited by 16
- 2022Detection Recovery in Online Multi-Object Tracking with Sparse Graph Trackercited by 15
- 2024Trackastra: Transformer-based cell tracking for live-cell microscopycited by 14
- 2023DeNoising-MOT: Towards Multiple Object Tracking with Severe Occlusionscited by 12
- 2024GoMatching: A Simple Baseline for Video Text Spotting via Long and Short Term Matchingcited by 12
- 2023Delving into Motion-Aware Matching for Monocular 3D Object Trackingcited by 11
- 2024Beyond MOT: Semantic Multi-Object Trackingcited by 11
- 2023Streaming Video Modelcited by 10
- 2023Dense Video Object Captioning from Disjoint Supervisioncited by 10
- 2023Traffic-Domain Video Question Answering with Automatic Captioningcited by 10
- 2023Collaborative Tracking Learning for Frame-Rate-Insensitive Multi-Object Trackingcited by 10
- 2024HOIST-Former: Hand-held Objects Identification, Segmentation, and Tracking in the Wildcited by 9
- 2024ETTrack: Enhanced Temporal Motion Predictor for Multi-Object Trackingcited by 9
- 2024LaMOT: Language-Guided Multi-Object Trackingcited by 9
- 2022Recent Advances in Embedding Methods for Multi-Object Tracking: A Surveycited by 8
- 2022Track Targets by Dense Spatio-Temporal Position Encodingcited by 8
- 2024MambaMOT: State-Space Model as Motion Predictor for Multi-Object Trackingcited by 8
- 2025Semi-Supervised State-Space Model with Dynamic Stacking Filter for Real-World Video Derainingcited by 8
- 2023Multi-Scene Generalized Trajectory Global Graph Solver with Composite Nodes for Multiple Object Trackingcited by 7
- 2023TAO-Amodal: A Benchmark for Tracking Any Object Amodallycited by 7
- 2022Bridging Images and Videos: A Simple Learning Framework for Large Vocabulary Video Object Detectioncited by 6
50 most cited of 110 All 110 (JSON)
- 2026LiAM-SAM: Lifecycle-Aware Memory for Robust SAM2-Based MOT23 Sep 2026
- 2026Causal neural set filtering for online multi-target tracking13 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond the Image Plane: World-Grounded Queries for Multi-Object Tracking1 Sep 2026
- 2026Training-Free Long-Term Multi-Object Tracking for Sports Video Analytics16 Aug 2026
- 2026PS-MOT: Cultivating Instance Awareness from Point Seeds for Multi-Object Tracking29 Jun 2026
- 2026FEMOT: Multi-Object Tracking using Frame and Event Cameras12 Jun 2026
- 2026SAMOFT: Robust Multi-Object Tracking via Region and Flow10 May 2026
- 2026Time-series Meets Complex Motion Modeling: Robust and Computational-effective Motion Predictor for Multi-object Tracking1 May 2026
- 2026GateMOT: Q-Gated Attention for Dense Object Tracking29 Apr 2026
- 2026Multi-view Crowd Tracking Transformer with View-Ground Interactions Under Large Real-World Scenes21 Apr 2026
- 2026COVTrack++: Learning Open-Vocabulary Multi-Object Tracking from Continuous Videos via a Synergistic Paradigm25 Mar 2026
- 2026Dual-level Adaptation for Multi-Object Tracking: Building Test-Time Calibration from Experience and Intuition23 Mar 2026
38 more
- 2026VSD-MOT: End-to-End Multi-Object Tracking in Low-Quality Video Scenes Guided by Visual Semantic Distillation21 Mar 2026
- 2026UniTrack: Differentiable Graph Representation Learning for Multi-Object Tracking4 Feb 2026
- 2026AR-MOT: Autoregressive Multi-object Tracking5 Jan 2026
- 2025From Detection to Association: Learning Discriminative Object Embeddings for Multi-Object Tracking2 Dec 2025
- 2025BlinkBud: Detecting Hazards from Behind via Sampled Monocular 3D Detection on a Single Earbud1 Dec 2025
- 2025CaptionFormer: Unified Segmentation, Tracking, and Captioning for Spatio-Temporal Objects16 Oct 2025
- 2025Motion-Aware Transformer for Multi-Object Tracking26 Sep 2025
- 2025VSE-MOT: Multi-Object Tracking in Low-Quality Video Scenes Guided by Visual Semantic Enhancement17 Sep 2025
- 2025NOOUGAT: Towards Unified Online and Offline Multi-Object Tracking2 Sep 2025
- 2025MVTrajecter: Multi-View Pedestrian Tracking with Trajectory Motion Cost and Trajectory Appearance Cost1 Sep 2025
- 2025SportMamba: Adaptive Non-Linear Multi-Object Tracking with State Space Models for Team Sports3 Jun 2025
- 2025GoMatching++: Parameter- and Data-Efficient Arbitrary-Shaped Video Text Spotting and Benchmarking28 May 2025
- 2025ReaMOT: A Benchmark and Framework for Reasoning-based Multi-Object Tracking26 May 2025
- 2025Semi-Supervised State-Space Model with Dynamic Stacking Filter for Real-World Video Deraining22 May 2025
- 2025SAM2MOT: A Novel Paradigm of Multi-Object Tracking by Segmentation6 Apr 2025
- 2025History-Aware Transformation of ReID Features for Multiple Object Tracking16 Mar 2025
- 2025PD-SORT: Occlusion-Robust Multi-Object Tracking Using Pseudo-Depth Cues20 Jan 2025
- 2024SyncVIS: Synchronized Video Instance Segmentation1 Dec 2024
- 2024Tracking by Detection and Query: An Efficient End-to-End Framework for Multi-Object Tracking9 Nov 2024
- 2024IP-MOT: Instance Prompt Learning for Cross-Domain Multi-Object Tracking30 Oct 2024
- 2024Samba: Synchronized Set-of-Sequences Modeling for Multiple Object Tracking2 Oct 2024
- 2024Performance Evaluation of Deep Learning-based Quadrotor UAV Detection and Tracking Methods30 Sep 2024
- 2024Associate Everything Detected: Facilitating Tracking-by-Detection to the Unknown14 Sep 2024
- 2024One Homography is All You Need: IMM-based Joint Homography and Multiple Object State Estimation4 Sep 2024
- 2024TrackSSM: A General Motion Predictor by State-Space Model31 Aug 2024
- 2024ConsistencyTrack: A Robust Multi-Object Tracker with a Generation Strategy of Consistency Model28 Aug 2024
- 2024OCTrack: Benchmarking the Open-Corpus Multi-Object Tracking19 Jul 2024
- 2024TF-SASM: Training-free Spatial-aware Sparse Memory for Multi-object Tracking5 Jul 2024
- 2024GMT: Effective Global Framework for Multi-Camera Multi-Target Tracking1 Jul 2024
- 2024The Progression of Transformers from Language to Vision to MOT: A Literature Review on Multi-Object Tracking with Transformers24 Jun 2024
- 2024Hierarchical IoU Tracking based on Interval19 Jun 2024
- 2024LaMOT: Language-Guided Multi-Object Tracking12 Jun 2024
- 2024Multi-Granularity Language-Guided Training for Multi-Object Tracking7 Jun 2024
- 2024Matching Anything by Segmenting Anything6 Jun 2024
- 2024Towards Generalizable Multi-Object Tracking1 Jun 2024
- 2024ETTrack: Enhanced Temporal Motion Predictor for Multi-Object Tracking24 May 2024
- 2024Trackastra: Transformer-based cell tracking for live-cell microscopy24 May 2024
- 2024STT: Stateful Tracking with Transformers for Autonomous Driving30 Apr 2024
50 newest of 110 All 110 (JSON)
- 2022Observation-Centric SORT: Rethinking SORT for Robust Multi-Object Trackingcited by 345
- 2022MOTRv2: Bootstrapping End-to-End Multi-Object Tracking by Pretrained Object Detectorscited by 148
- 2023SportsMOT: A Large Multi-Object Tracking Dataset in Multiple Sports Scenescited by 130
- 2022VITA: Video Instance Segmentation via Object Token Associationcited by 94
- 2023MeMOTR: Long-Term Memory-Augmented Transformer for Multi-Object Trackingcited by 86
- 2022Hard to Track Objects with Irregular Motions and Similar Appearances? Make It Easier by Buffering the Matching Spacecited by 66
- 2023Hybrid-SORT: Weak Cues Matter for Online Multi-Object Trackingcited by 66
- 2022Unifying Short and Long-Term Tracking with Graph Hierarchiescited by 62
- 2022QDTrack: Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning for Appearance-Only Multiple Object Trackingcited by 61
- 2024DiffMOT: A Real-time Diffusion-based Multiple Object Tracker with Non-linear Predictioncited by 59
- 2024Multiple Object Tracking as ID Predictioncited by 58
- 2023OVTrack: Open-Vocabulary Multiple Object Trackingcited by 53
12 most cited of 104 All 104 (JSON)
- 2026LiAM-SAM: Lifecycle-Aware Memory for Robust SAM2-Based MOT23 Sep 2026
- 2026Causal neural set filtering for online multi-target tracking13 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond the Image Plane: World-Grounded Queries for Multi-Object Tracking1 Sep 2026
- 2026Training-Free Long-Term Multi-Object Tracking for Sports Video Analytics16 Aug 2026
- 2026PS-MOT: Cultivating Instance Awareness from Point Seeds for Multi-Object Tracking29 Jun 2026
- 2026FEMOT: Multi-Object Tracking using Frame and Event Cameras12 Jun 2026
- 2026SAMOFT: Robust Multi-Object Tracking via Region and Flow10 May 2026
- 2026Time-series Meets Complex Motion Modeling: Robust and Computational-effective Motion Predictor for Multi-object Tracking1 May 2026
- 2026GateMOT: Q-Gated Attention for Dense Object Tracking29 Apr 2026
- 2026Multi-view Crowd Tracking Transformer with View-Ground Interactions Under Large Real-World Scenes21 Apr 2026
- 2026COVTrack++: Learning Open-Vocabulary Multi-Object Tracking from Continuous Videos via a Synergistic Paradigm25 Mar 2026
- 2026Dual-level Adaptation for Multi-Object Tracking: Building Test-Time Calibration from Experience and Intuition23 Mar 2026
12 newest of 104 All 104 (JSON)