Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning for Multiple Object Tracking
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Similarity learning has been recognized as a crucial step for object tracking. However, existing multiple object tracking methods only use sparse ground truth matching as the training objective, while ignoring the majority of the informative regions on the images. In this paper, we present Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning, which densely samples hundreds of region proposals on a pair of images for contrastive learning. We can directly combine this similarity learning with existing detection methods to build Quasi-Dense Tracking (QDTrack) without turning to displacement regression or motion priors. We also find that the resulting distinctive feature space admits a simple nearest neighbor search at the inference time. Despite its simplicity, QDTrack outperforms all existing methods on MOT, BDD100K, Waymo, and TAO tracking benchmarks. It achieves 68.7 MOTA at 20.3 FPS on MOT17 without using external training data. Compared to methods with similar detectors, it boosts almost 10 points of MOTA and significantly decreases the number of ID switches on BDD100K and Waymo datasets. Our code and trained models are available at http://vis.xyz/pub/qdtrack.
Key facts. Cited by 220 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 11 Jun 2020.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 15; 2022: 59; 2023: 60; 2024: 48; 2025: 21; 2026: 17.
220 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021ByteTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Associating Every Detection Boxcited by 812
- 2021TrackFormer: Multi-Object Tracking with Transformerscited by 515
- 2021MOTR: End-to-End Multiple-Object Tracking with Transformercited by 379
- 2022Observation-Centric SORT: Rethinking SORT for Robust Multi-Object Trackingcited by 345
- 2022BoT-SORT: Robust Associations Multi-Pedestrian Trackingcited by 313
- 2021DanceTrack: Multi-Object Tracking in Uniform Appearance and Diverse Motioncited by 213
- 2022StrongSORT: Make DeepSORT Great Againcited by 213
- 2023Universal Instance Perception as Object Discovery and Retrievalcited by 190
- 2022MOTRv2: Bootstrapping End-to-End Multi-Object Tracking by Pretrained Object Detectorscited by 148
- 2022SHIFT: A Synthetic Driving Dataset for Continuous Multi-Task Domain Adaptationcited by 146
- 2023Deep OC-SORT: Multi-Pedestrian Tracking by Adaptive Re-Identificationcited by 130
- 2023SportsMOT: A Large Multi-Object Tracking Dataset in Multiple Sports Scenescited by 130
38 more
- 2022Global Tracking Transformerscited by 110
- 2021SimpleTrack: Understanding and Rethinking 3D Multi-object Trackingcited by 102
- 2022In Defense of Online Models for Video Instance Segmentationcited by 97
- 2022Towards Grand Unification of Object Trackingcited by 93
- 2023MeMOTR: Long-Term Memory-Augmented Transformer for Multi-Object Trackingcited by 86
- 2021Monocular Quasi-Dense 3D Object Trackingcited by 80
- 2022Video K-Net: A Simple, Strong, and Unified Baseline for Video Segmentationcited by 79
- 2023General Object Foundation Model for Images and Videos at Scalecited by 71
- 2022Hard to Track Objects with Irregular Motions and Similar Appearances? Make It Easier by Buffering the Matching Spacecited by 66
- 2023Hybrid-SORT: Weak Cues Matter for Online Multi-Object Trackingcited by 66
- 2023MotionTrack: Learning Robust Short-term and Long-term Motions for Multi-Object Trackingcited by 64
- 2022Unifying Short and Long-Term Tracking with Graph Hierarchiescited by 62
- 2022QDTrack: Quasi-Dense Similarity Learning for Appearance-Only Multiple Object Trackingcited by 61
- 2024DiffMOT: A Real-time Diffusion-based Multiple Object Tracker with Non-linear Predictioncited by 59
- 2023EgoHumans: An Egocentric 3D Multi-Human Benchmarkcited by 58
- 2024Multiple Object Tracking as ID Predictioncited by 58
- 2023OVTrack: Open-Vocabulary Multiple Object Trackingcited by 53
- 2022CAMO-MOT: Combined Appearance-Motion Optimization for 3D Multi-Object Tracking with Camera-LiDAR Fusioncited by 50
- 2024Matching Anything by Segmenting Anythingcited by 49
- 2023SparseTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Performing Scene Decomposition based on Pseudo-Depthcited by 48
- 2022GIAOTracker: A comprehensive framework for MCMOT with global information and optimizing strategies in VisDrone 2021cited by 46
- 2022Simple Cues Lead to a Strong Multi-Object Trackercited by 44
- 2022Tracking Every Thing in the Wildcited by 44
- 2021Prototypical Cross-Attention Networks for Multiple Object Tracking and Segmentationcited by 43
- 2021TransCenter: Transformers with Dense Representations for Multiple-Object Trackingcited by 42
- 2023MOTRv3: Release-Fetch Supervision for End-to-End Multi-Object Trackingcited by 42
- 2022AnimalTrack: A Benchmark for Multi-Animal Tracking in the Wildcited by 37
- 2021PolyphonicFormer: Unified Query Learning for Depth-aware Video Panoptic Segmentationcited by 36
- 2022Tracking Objects as Pixel-wise Distributionscited by 36
- 20224D-StOP: Panoptic Segmentation of 4D LiDAR using Spatio-temporal Object Proposal Generation and Aggregationcited by 35
- 2022DeepFusionMOT: A 3D Multi-Object Tracking Framework Based on Camera-LiDAR Fusion with Deep Associationcited by 33
- 2022Towards Discriminative Representation: Multi-view Trajectory Contrastive Learning for Online Multi-object Trackingcited by 33
- 2022CC-3DT: Panoramic 3D Object Tracking via Cross-Camera Fusioncited by 31
- 2022SMILEtrack: SiMIlarity LEarning for Occlusion-Aware Multiple Object Trackingcited by 29
- 2022Video Mask Transfiner for High-Quality Video Instance Segmentationcited by 28
- 2022Quo Vadis: Is Trajectory Forecasting the Key Towards Long-Term Multi-Object Tracking?cited by 28
- 2023Collaborative Multi-Object Tracking with Conformal Uncertainty Propagationcited by 27
- 2022TripletTrack: 3D Object Tracking using Triplet Embeddings and LSTMcited by 26
50 most cited of 220 All 220 (JSON)
- 2026Template-Search Domain Adaptation via Multi-Stage Feature Alignment for Cross-Modal Object Tracking29 Sep 2026
- 2026UGO: Unified Architecture for General Multi-Object Tracking by Segmentation29 Sep 2026
- 2026ReWorld-Track: A Recursive Event World Model for Language-Guided Multi-Camera Tracking29 Sep 2026
- 2026VastMAT: A Large-Scale Multi-Category Benchmark for Multi-Animal Tracking28 Sep 2026
- 2026LiAM-SAM: Lifecycle-Aware Memory for Robust SAM2-Based MOT23 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond the Image Plane: World-Grounded Queries for Multi-Object Tracking1 Sep 2026
- 2026DVPSFormer: Efficient Online Depth-aware Video Panoptic Segmentation for Autonomous Driving28 Jul 2026
- 2026VLA-ReID: Video-Level Association for Re-Identification in Multi-Object Tracking with Highly Similar Objects19 Jul 2026
- 2026AdvSerial: Physical Adversarial Attacks on Infrastructure-mounted Pedestrian Detectors via Semantic Feature Suppression19 Jul 2026
- 2026Higher-Order Cell Tracking Transformer13 Jul 2026
- 2026HieDG: A Hierarchical Discrete Geometry-Guided Framework for Multi-Animal Tracking1 Jul 2026
- 2026PS-MOT: Cultivating Instance Awareness from Point Seeds for Multi-Object Tracking29 Jun 2026
38 more
- 2026FEMOT: Multi-Object Tracking using Frame and Event Cameras12 Jun 2026
- 2026COVTrack++: Learning Open-Vocabulary Multi-Object Tracking from Continuous Videos via a Synergistic Paradigm25 Mar 2026
- 2026ForeSea: AI Forensic Search with Multi-modal Queries for Video Surveillance24 Mar 2026
- 2026AR2-4FV: Anchored Referring and Re-identification for Long-Term Grounding in Fixed-View Videos8 Mar 2026
- 2026Segment Any Events with Language30 Jan 2026
- 2025SelfMOTR: Revisiting MOTR with Self-Generating Detection Priors25 Nov 2025
- 2025SPORTS: Simultaneous Panoptic Odometry, Rendering, Tracking and Segmentation for Urban Scenes Understanding14 Oct 2025
- 2025SegMASt3R: Geometry Grounded Segment Matching6 Oct 2025
- 2025From Camera-Based Sensing to Reasoning: A Comprehensive Review Toward Proactive Vulnerable Road User Safety30 Sep 2025
- 2025Motion-Aware Transformer for Multi-Object Tracking26 Sep 2025
- 2025Lattice Boltzmann Model for Learning Real-World Pixel Dynamicity20 Sep 2025
- 2025Motion Estimation for Multi-Object Tracking using KalmanNet with Semantic-Independent Encoding14 Sep 2025
- 2025NOOUGAT: Towards Unified Online and Offline Multi-Object Tracking2 Sep 2025
- 2025SMTrack: End-to-End Trained Spiking Neural Networks for Multi-Object Tracking in RGB Videos20 Aug 2025
- 2025FastTracker: Real-Time and Accurate Visual Tracking20 Aug 2025
- 2025SocialTrack: Multi-Object Tracking in Complex Urban Traffic Scenes Inspired by Social Behavior18 Aug 2025
- 2025Self-Supervised Real-Time Tracking of Military Vehicles in Low-FPS UAV Footage7 Jul 2025
- 2025From Sight to Insight: Unleashing Eye-Tracking in Weakly Supervised Video Salient Object Detection30 Jun 2025
- 2025SAM2Auto: Auto Annotation Using FLASH9 Jun 2025
- 2025DINO-CoDT: Multi-class Collaborative Detection and Tracking with Vision Foundation Models9 Jun 2025
- 2025FreBIS: Frequency-Based Stratification for Neural Implicit Surface Representations28 Apr 2025
- 2025S3MOT: Monocular 3D Object Tracking with Selective State Space Model25 Apr 2025
- 2025EffOWT: Transfer Visual Language Models to Open-World Tracking Efficiently and Effectively7 Apr 2025
- 2025History-Aware Transformation of ReID Features for Multiple Object Tracking16 Mar 2025
- 2025Learning Appearance and Motion Cues for Panoptic Tracking12 Mar 2025
- 2025PD-SORT: Occlusion-Robust Multi-Object Tracking Using Pseudo-Depth Cues20 Jan 2025
- 2024FlexEvent: Towards Flexible Event-Frame Object Detection at Varying Operational Frequencies9 Dec 2024
- 2024SyncVIS: Synchronized Video Instance Segmentation1 Dec 2024
- 2024ETAP: Event-based Tracking of Any Point28 Nov 2024
- 2024Learning a Neural Association Network for Self-supervised Multi-Object Tracking18 Nov 2024
- 2024PKF: Probabilistic Data Association Kalman Filter for Multi-Object Tracking10 Nov 2024
- 2024SIRA: Scalable Inter-frame Relation and Association for Radar Perception4 Nov 2024
- 2024HopTrack: A Real-time Multi-Object Tracking System for Embedded Devices1 Nov 2024
- 2024IP-MOT: Instance Prompt Learning for Cross-Domain Multi-Object Tracking30 Oct 2024
- 2024AlphaChimp: Tracking and Behavior Recognition of Chimpanzees22 Oct 2024
- 2024DINTR: Tracking via Diffusion-based Interpolation14 Oct 2024
- 2024Enhanced Kalman with Adaptive Appearance Motion SORT for Grounded Generic Multiple Object Tracking11 Oct 2024
- 2024Samba: Synchronized Set-of-Sequences Modeling for Multiple Object Tracking2 Oct 2024
50 newest of 220 All 220 (JSON)
- 2021ByteTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Associating Every Detection Boxcited by 812
- 2021TrackFormer: Multi-Object Tracking with Transformerscited by 515
- 2021MOTR: End-to-End Multiple-Object Tracking with Transformercited by 379
- 2022Observation-Centric SORT: Rethinking SORT for Robust Multi-Object Trackingcited by 345
- 2022BoT-SORT: Robust Associations Multi-Pedestrian Trackingcited by 313
- 2021DanceTrack: Multi-Object Tracking in Uniform Appearance and Diverse Motioncited by 213
- 2022StrongSORT: Make DeepSORT Great Againcited by 213
- 2023Universal Instance Perception as Object Discovery and Retrievalcited by 190
- 2022MOTRv2: Bootstrapping End-to-End Multi-Object Tracking by Pretrained Object Detectorscited by 148
- 2022SHIFT: A Synthetic Driving Dataset for Continuous Multi-Task Domain Adaptationcited by 146
- 2023Deep OC-SORT: Multi-Pedestrian Tracking by Adaptive Re-Identificationcited by 130
- 2023SportsMOT: A Large Multi-Object Tracking Dataset in Multiple Sports Scenescited by 130
12 most cited of 214 All 214 (JSON)
- 2026Template-Search Domain Adaptation via Multi-Stage Feature Alignment for Cross-Modal Object Tracking29 Sep 2026
- 2026UGO: Unified Architecture for General Multi-Object Tracking by Segmentation29 Sep 2026
- 2026VastMAT: A Large-Scale Multi-Category Benchmark for Multi-Animal Tracking28 Sep 2026
- 2026LiAM-SAM: Lifecycle-Aware Memory for Robust SAM2-Based MOT23 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond the Image Plane: World-Grounded Queries for Multi-Object Tracking1 Sep 2026
- 2026DVPSFormer: Efficient Online Depth-aware Video Panoptic Segmentation for Autonomous Driving28 Jul 2026
- 2026VLA-ReID: Video-Level Association for Re-Identification in Multi-Object Tracking with Highly Similar Objects19 Jul 2026
- 2026AdvSerial: Physical Adversarial Attacks on Infrastructure-mounted Pedestrian Detectors via Semantic Feature Suppression19 Jul 2026
- 2026Higher-Order Cell Tracking Transformer13 Jul 2026
- 2026HieDG: A Hierarchical Discrete Geometry-Guided Framework for Multi-Animal Tracking1 Jul 2026
- 2026PS-MOT: Cultivating Instance Awareness from Point Seeds for Multi-Object Tracking29 Jun 2026
- 2026FEMOT: Multi-Object Tracking using Frame and Event Cameras12 Jun 2026
12 newest of 214 All 214 (JSON)