Few-Shot Incremental Learning with Continually Evolved Classifiers
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL) aims to design machine learning algorithms that can continually learn new concepts from a few data points, without forgetting knowledge of old classes. The difficulty lies in that limited data from new classes not only lead to significant overfitting issues but also exacerbate the notorious catastrophic forgetting problems. Moreover, as training data come in sequence in FSCIL, the learned classifier can only provide discriminative information in individual sessions, while FSCIL requires all classes to be involved for evaluation. In this paper, we address the FSCIL problem from two aspects. First, we adopt a simple but effective decoupled learning strategy of representations and classifiers that only the classifiers are updated in each incremental session, which avoids knowledge forgetting in the representations. By doing so, we demonstrate that a pre-trained backbone plus a non-parametric class mean classifier can beat state-of-the-art methods. Second, to make the classifiers learned on individual sessions applicable to all classes, we propose a Continually Evolved Classifier (CEC) that employs a graph model to propagate context information between classifiers for adaptation. To enable the learning of CEC, we design a pseudo incremental learning paradigm that episodically constructs a pseudo incremental learning task to optimize the graph parameters by sampling data from the base dataset. Experiments on three popular benchmark datasets, including CIFAR100, miniImageNet, and Caltech-USCD Birds-200-2011 (CUB200), show that our method significantly outperforms the baselines and sets new state-of-the-art results with remarkable advantages.
Key facts. Cited by 184 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 42 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Apr 2021.
Builds on
42 of 57 references.
References · 42
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2015Distilling the Knowledge in a Neural Networkcited by 10,076
- 2017Graph Attention Networkscited by 8,854
- 2014ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challengecited by 8,441
- 2017Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning for Fast Adaptation of Deep Networkscited by 4,861
- 2016Overcoming catastrophic forgetting in neural networkscited by 4,718
- 2017Prototypical Networks for Few-shot Learningcited by 3,001
- 2016Learning without Forgettingcited by 2,465
- 2016iCaRL: Incremental Classifier and Representation Learningcited by 2,313
- 2016Matching Networks for One Shot Learningcited by 2,246
- 2017Continual Learning with Deep Generative Replaycited by 1,152
30 more
- 2018Efficient Lifelong Learning with A-GEMcited by 1,044
- 2019Large Scale Incremental Learningcited by 727
- 2019A Closer Look at Few-shot Classificationcited by 679
- 2018End-to-End Incremental Learningcited by 596
- 2018Learning to Learn without Forgetting by Maximizing Transfer and Minimizing Interferencecited by 511
- 2018Dynamic Few-Shot Visual Learning without Forgettingcited by 385
- 2018Meta-Transfer Learning for Few-Shot Learningcited by 306
- 2018Few-Shot Learning via Embedding Adaptation with Set-to-Set Functionscited by 293
- 2018Learning without Memorizingcited by 249
- 2020Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 249
- 2020Semantic Drift Compensation for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 241
- 2020Mnemonics Training: Multi-Class Incremental Learning without Forgettingcited by 220
- 2019Cross Attention Network for Few-shot Classificationcited by 218
- 2019CANet: Class-Agnostic Segmentation Networks with Iterative Refinement and Attentive Few-Shot Learningcited by 217
- 2018Task-Agnostic Meta-Learning for Few-shot Learningcited by 151
- 2020Adaptive Aggregation Networks for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 149
- 2021Distilling Causal Effect of Data in Class-Incremental Learningcited by 117
- 2020Interventional Few-Shot Learningcited by 112
- 2020Conditional Gaussian Distribution Learning for Open Set Recognitioncited by 104
- 2020CRNet: Cross-Reference Networks for Few-Shot Segmentationcited by 101
- 2019Meta-Curvaturecited by 70
- 2018Incremental Few-Shot Learning with Attention Attractor Networkscited by 65
- 2020DeepEMD: Differentiable Earth Mover's Distance for Few-Shot Learningcited by 49
- 2019An Ensemble of Epoch-wise Empirical Bayes for Few-shot Learningcited by 38
- 2019Learning Adaptive Classifiers Synthesis for Generalized Few-Shot Learningcited by 29
- 2020Context-Transformer: Tackling Object Confusion for Few-Shot Detectioncited by 27
- 2019Meta-Transfer Learning through Hard Taskscited by 23
- 2021CycleSegNet: Object Co-segmentation with Cycle Refinement and Region Correspondencecited by 19
- 2020Compositional Prototype Network with Multi-view Comparision for Few-Shot Point Cloud Semantic Segmentationcited by 12
- 2017Efficient Eye Typing with 9-direction Gaze Estimationcited by 8
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 13; 2022: 27; 2023: 55; 2024: 47; 2025: 30; 2026: 12.
184 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023A Comprehensive Survey of Continual Learning: Theory, Method and Applicationcited by 860
- 2023Class-Incremental Learning: A Surveycited by 209
- 2022Forward Compatible Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 125
- 2021Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting in Incremental Few-Shot Learning by Finding Flat Minimacited by 118
- 2023Neural Collapse Inspired Feature-Classifier Alignment for Few-Shot Class Incremental Learningcited by 112
- 2022Constrained Few-shot Class-incremental Learningcited by 93
- 2022Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning by Sampling Multi-Phase Taskscited by 87
- 2023FeCAM: Exploiting the Heterogeneity of Class Distributions in Exemplar-Free Continual Learningcited by 86
- 2022Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning from an Open-Set Perspectivecited by 83
- 2022Representation Compensation Networks for Continual Semantic Segmentationcited by 72
- 2022Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning via Entropy-Regularized Data-Free Replaycited by 70
- 2023RMM: Reinforced Memory Management for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 66
38 more
- 2021Recent Advances of Continual Learning in Computer Vision: An Overviewcited by 55
- 2023Learning with Fantasy: Semantic-Aware Virtual Contrastive Constraint for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 55
- 2021Subspace Regularizers for Few-Shot Class Incremental Learningcited by 54
- 2023FaceStudio: Put Your Face Everywhere in Secondscited by 53
- 2022Meta-DMoE: Adapting to Domain Shift by Meta-Distillation from Mixture-of-Expertscited by 50
- 2023A Survey on Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 48
- 2024Training of Physical Neural Networkscited by 47
- 2023First Session Adaptation: A Strong Replay-Free Baseline for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 46
- 2022Margin-Based Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning with Class-Level Overfitting Mitigationcited by 45
- 2023Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning via Training-Free Prototype Calibrationcited by 44
- 2021Graph Few-shot Class-incremental Learningcited by 40
- 2023MetaGCD: Learning to Continually Learn in Generalized Category Discoverycited by 40
- 2021Co-Transport for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 38
- 2022On the Soft-Subnetwork for Few-shot Class Incremental Learningcited by 37
- 2021Few-shot Segmentation with Optimal Transport Matching and Message Flowcited by 36
- 2024Pre-trained Vision and Language Transformers Are Few-Shot Incremental Learnerscited by 35
- 2022Graph Lifelong Learning: A Surveycited by 30
- 2022Memorizing Complementation Network for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 30
- 2024OrCo: Towards Better Generalization via Orthogonality and Contrast for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 25
- 2021Anti-aliasing Semantic Reconstruction for Few-Shot Semantic Segmentationcited by 23
- 2022Doodle It Yourself: Class Incremental Learning by Drawing a Few Sketchescited by 23
- 2023S3C: Self-Supervised Stochastic Classifiers for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 23
- 2023DFIL: Deepfake Incremental Learning by Exploiting Domain-invariant Forgery Cluescited by 23
- 2023Steering Prototypes with Prompt-tuning for Rehearsal-free Continual Learningcited by 22
- 2024Generative Multi-modal Models are Good Class-Incremental Learnerscited by 22
- 2021Meta Navigator: Search for a Good Adaptation Policy for Few-shot Learningcited by 19
- 2022Learning to Imagine: Diversify Memory for Incremental Learning using Unlabeled Datacited by 19
- 2023Multimodal Parameter-Efficient Few-Shot Class Incremental Learningcited by 19
- 2024Compositional Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 18
- 2022Continual Few-shot Relation Learning via Embedding Space Regularization and Data Augmentationcited by 17
- 2022Incremental Few-Shot Semantic Segmentation via Embedding Adaptive-Update and Hyper-class Representationcited by 16
- 2023Uncertainty-Aware Distillation for Semi-Supervised Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 16
- 2023New Insights for the Stability-Plasticity Dilemma in Online Continual Learningcited by 16
- 2025A Survey of Continual Reinforcement Learningcited by 16
- 2023Image-free Classifier Injection for Zero-Shot Classificationcited by 15
- 2024Few-Shot Class Incremental Learning with Attention-Aware Self-Adaptive Promptcited by 15
- 2023Deep Learning for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Visual Recognition: A Surveycited by 14
- 2023Neural Collapse Terminus: A Unified Solution for Class Incremental Learning and Its Variantscited by 14
50 most cited of 184 All 184 (JSON)
- 2026Decoupled and Distilled: Task-Adaptive LoRA-Teachers with Ensemble Knowledge Transfer for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning30 Sep 2026
- 2026SPECTRA: Subspace-Preserving Embedding Calibration, Transport, and Replay for Fully Few-Shot Class-Incremental Audio Classification25 Aug 2026
- 2026Few-shot Class-variable Incremental Audio Classification via Prototype Adaptation and Pseudo Class-variable Training8 Jun 2026
- 2026Explainable Part-Based Vehicle Classifier with Spatial Awareness8 May 2026
- 2026When Sensing Varies with Contexts: Context Probing for Tactile Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning26 Mar 2026
- 2026SPRINT: Semi-supervised Prototypical Representation for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Tabular Learning4 Mar 2026
- 2026Let's Split Up: Zero-Shot Classifier Edits for Fine-Grained Video Understanding18 Feb 2026
- 2026Unlocking Prototype Potential: An Efficient Tuning Framework for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning5 Feb 2026
- 2026Feature-Space Generative Models for One-Shot Class-Incremental Learning25 Jan 2026
- 2026CASP: Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning with CLS Token Attention Steering Prompts23 Jan 2026
- 2026PKI: Prior Knowledge-Infused Neural Network for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning13 Jan 2026
- 2026Few-shot Class-Incremental Learning via Generative Co-Memory Regularization12 Jan 2026
38 more
- 2025Breaking Forgetting: Training-Free Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning via Conditional Diffusion23 Nov 2025
- 2025SAFA-SNN: Sparsity-Aware On-Device Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning with Fast-Adaptive Structure of Spiking Neural Network4 Oct 2025
- 2025Diffusion-Classifier Synergy: Reward-Aligned Learning via Mutual Boosting Loop for FSCIL4 Oct 2025
- 2025MoTiC: Momentum Tightness and Contrast for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning24 Sep 2025
- 2025DevFD: Developmental Face Forgery Detection by Learning Shared and Orthogonal LoRA Subspaces23 Sep 2025
- 2025DSS-Prompt: Dynamic-Static Synergistic Prompting for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning13 Aug 2025
- 2025OpenHAIV: A Framework Towards Practical Open-World Learning10 Aug 2025
- 2025Divide-and-Conquer for Enhancing Unlabeled Learning, Stability, and Plasticity in Semi-supervised Continual Learning7 Aug 2025
- 2025Sculpting Margin Penalty: Intra-Task Adapter Merging and Classifier Calibration for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning7 Aug 2025
- 2025Ambiguity-Guided Learnable Distribution Calibration for Semi-Supervised Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning31 Jul 2025
- 2025Revisiting Pool-based Prompt Learning for Few-shot Class-incremental Learning12 Jul 2025
- 2025A Survey of Continual Reinforcement Learning27 Jun 2025
- 2025Consistency-Driven Calibration and Matching for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning24 Jun 2025
- 2025Generalized Incremental Learning under Concept Drift across Evolving Data Streams6 Jun 2025
- 2025Tripartite Weight-Space Ensemble for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning4 Jun 2025
- 2025Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning For Efficient SAR Automatic Target Recognition26 May 2025
- 2025Partitioned Memory Storage Inspired Few-Shot Class-Incremental learning29 Apr 2025
- 2025Few-Shot Vision-Language Action-Incremental Policy Learning22 Apr 2025
- 2025Adaptive Decision Boundary for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning15 Apr 2025
- 2025Adaptive Additive Parameter Updates of Vision Transformers for Few-Shot Continual Learning11 Apr 2025
- 2025MetaCLBench: Meta Continual Learning Benchmark on Resource-Constrained Edge Devices31 Mar 2025
- 2025Beyond Synthetic Replays: Turning Diffusion Features into Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning Knowledge30 Mar 2025
- 2025Learn by Reasoning: Analogical Weight Generation for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning27 Mar 2025
- 2025Knowledge Graph Enhanced Generative Multi-modal Models for Class-Incremental Learning24 Mar 2025
- 2025Does Prior Data Matter? Exploring Joint Training in the Context of Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning13 Mar 2025
- 2025Brain-inspired analogical mixture prototypes for few-shot class-incremental learning26 Feb 2025
- 2025Latest Advancements Towards Catastrophic Forgetting under Data Scarcity: A Comprehensive Survey on Few-Shot Class Incremental Learning12 Feb 2025
- 2025Controllable Forgetting Mechanism for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning27 Jan 2025
- 2025Strategic Base Representation Learning via Feature Augmentations for Few-Shot Class Incremental Learning16 Jan 2025
- 2025Continuous Knowledge-Preserving Decomposition with Adaptive Layer Selection for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning9 Jan 2025
- 2024CALA: A Class-Aware Logit Adapter for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning17 Dec 2024
- 2024On Distilling the Displacement Knowledge for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning15 Dec 2024
- 2024Class Balance Matters to Active Class-Incremental Learning9 Dec 2024
- 2024Embedding Space Allocation with Angle-Norm Joint Classifiers for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning14 Nov 2024
- 2024Inductive Graph Few-shot Class Incremental Learning11 Nov 2024
- 2024Covariance-based Space Regularization for Few-shot Class Incremental Learning2 Nov 2024
- 2024Task Consistent Prototype Learning for Incremental Few-shot Semantic Segmentation16 Oct 2024
- 2024CLOSER: Towards Better Representation Learning for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning8 Oct 2024
50 newest of 184 All 184 (JSON)
- 2025Few-Shot Vision-Language Action-Incremental Policy Learning22 Apr 2025
- 2023A Comprehensive Survey of Continual Learning: Theory, Method and Applicationcited by 860
- 2023Class-Incremental Learning: A Surveycited by 209
- 2022Forward Compatible Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learningcited by 125
- 2021Overcoming Catastrophic Forgetting in Incremental Few-Shot Learning by Finding Flat Minimacited by 118
- 2023Neural Collapse Inspired Feature-Classifier Alignment for Few-Shot Class Incremental Learningcited by 112
- 2022Constrained Few-shot Class-incremental Learningcited by 93
- 2022Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning by Sampling Multi-Phase Taskscited by 87
- 2023FeCAM: Exploiting the Heterogeneity of Class Distributions in Exemplar-Free Continual Learningcited by 86
- 2022Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning from an Open-Set Perspectivecited by 83
- 2022Representation Compensation Networks for Continual Semantic Segmentationcited by 72
- 2022Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning via Entropy-Regularized Data-Free Replaycited by 70
- 2023RMM: Reinforced Memory Management for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 66
12 most cited of 179 All 179 (JSON)
- 2026Decoupled and Distilled: Task-Adaptive LoRA-Teachers with Ensemble Knowledge Transfer for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning30 Sep 2026
- 2026SPECTRA: Subspace-Preserving Embedding Calibration, Transport, and Replay for Fully Few-Shot Class-Incremental Audio Classification25 Aug 2026
- 2026Few-shot Class-variable Incremental Audio Classification via Prototype Adaptation and Pseudo Class-variable Training8 Jun 2026
- 2026Explainable Part-Based Vehicle Classifier with Spatial Awareness8 May 2026
- 2026When Sensing Varies with Contexts: Context Probing for Tactile Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning26 Mar 2026
- 2026SPRINT: Semi-supervised Prototypical Representation for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Tabular Learning4 Mar 2026
- 2026Let's Split Up: Zero-Shot Classifier Edits for Fine-Grained Video Understanding18 Feb 2026
- 2026Unlocking Prototype Potential: An Efficient Tuning Framework for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning5 Feb 2026
- 2026Feature-Space Generative Models for One-Shot Class-Incremental Learning25 Jan 2026
- 2026CASP: Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning with CLS Token Attention Steering Prompts23 Jan 2026
- 2026PKI: Prior Knowledge-Infused Neural Network for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning13 Jan 2026
- 2026Few-shot Class-Incremental Learning via Generative Co-Memory Regularization12 Jan 2026
12 newest of 179 All 179 (JSON)