Spatial Temporal Transformer Network for Skeleton-based Action Recognition
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Abstract (arXiv)
Skeleton-based human action recognition has achieved a great interest in recent years, as skeleton data has been demonstrated to be robust to illumination changes, body scales, dynamic camera views, and complex background. Nevertheless, an effective encoding of the latent information underlying the 3D skeleton is still an open problem. In this work, we propose a novel Spatial-Temporal Transformer network (ST-TR) which models dependencies between joints using the Transformer self-attention operator. In our ST-TR model, a Spatial Self-Attention module (SSA) is used to understand intra-frame interactions between different body parts, and a Temporal Self-Attention module (TSA) to model inter-frame correlations. The two are combined in a two-stream network which outperforms state-of-the-art models using the same input data on both NTU-RGB+D 60 and NTU-RGB+D 120.
Key facts. Cited by 76 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 11 Dec 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 9; 2022: 24; 2023: 18; 2024: 12; 2025: 13.
76 papers.
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- 2021Transformers in Vision: A Surveycited by 1,009
- 2022Assembly101: A Large-Scale Multi-View Video Dataset for Understanding Procedural Activitiescited by 284
- 2021Learning Skeletal Graph Neural Networks for Hard 3D Pose Estimationcited by 62
- 2022Generative Action Description Prompts for Skeleton-based Action Recognitioncited by 43
- 2022Delving into Sequential Patches for Deepfake Detectioncited by 41
- 2022CP-ViT: Cascade Vision Transformer Pruning via Progressive Sparsity Predictioncited by 39
- 2023GPGait: Generalized Pose-based Gait Recognitioncited by 39
- 2022Hypergraph Transformer for Skeleton-based Action Recognitioncited by 36
- 2022Global-local Motion Transformer for Unsupervised Skeleton-based Action Learningcited by 33
- 2022Spatial Transformer Network on Skeleton-based Gait Recognitioncited by 32
- 2022DirecFormer: A Directed Attention in Transformer Approach to Robust Action Recognitioncited by 31
- 2022Hierarchically Self-Supervised Transformer for Human Skeleton Representation Learningcited by 30
38 more
- 2022SkeletonMAE: Spatial-Temporal Masked Autoencoders for Self-supervised Skeleton Action Recognitioncited by 29
- 2022TransDARC: Transformer-based Driver Activity Recognition with Latent Space Feature Calibrationcited by 25
- 2022Vision Transformers for Action Recognition: A Surveycited by 25
- 2023Part Aware Contrastive Learning for Self-Supervised Action Recognitioncited by 21
- 2022Seeing the forest and the tree: Building representations of both individual and collective dynamics with transformerscited by 18
- 2022GaitMixer: Skeleton-based Gait Representation Learning via Wide-spectrum Multi-axial Mixercited by 18
- 2023Navigating Open Set Scenarios for Skeleton-based Action Recognitioncited by 17
- 2024On the Utility of 3D Hand Poses for Action Recognitioncited by 17
- 2022Delving Deep into One-Shot Skeleton-based Action Recognition with Diverse Occlusionscited by 13
- 2024Simba: Mamba augmented U-ShiftGCN for Skeletal Action Recognition in Videoscited by 13
- 2021Hierarchical Graph Convolutional Skeleton Transformer for Action Recognitioncited by 12
- 2022Multimodal Transformer for Nursing Activity Recognitioncited by 12
- 2023Pyramid Self-attention Polymerization Learning for Semi-supervised Skeleton-based Action Recognitioncited by 11
- 2023GaitPT: Skeletons Are All You Need For Gait Recognitioncited by 11
- 2024CrossGLG: LLM Guides One-shot Skeleton-based 3D Action Recognition in a Cross-level Mannercited by 11
- 2024Adaptive Hyper-Graph Convolution Network for Skeleton-based Human Action Recognition with Virtual Connectionscited by 11
- 2022FAR: Fourier Aerial Video Recognitioncited by 10
- 2022Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Video Transformers in Action Recognitioncited by 10
- 2024Meet JEANIE: a Similarity Measure for 3D Skeleton Sequences via Temporal-Viewpoint Alignmentcited by 10
- 2021Dynamic Hypergraph Convolutional Networks for Skeleton-Based Action Recognitioncited by 9
- 2021NAST: Non-Autoregressive Spatial-Temporal Transformer for Time Series Forecastingcited by 8
- 2021STAR: Sparse Transformer-based Action Recognitioncited by 8
- 2023Overcoming Topology Agnosticism: Enhancing Skeleton-Based Action Recognition through Redefined Skeletal Topology Awarenesscited by 8
- 2023Human Part-wise 3D Motion Context Learning for Sign Language Recognitioncited by 8
- 2023GaitContour: Efficient Gait Recognition based on a Contour-Pose Representationcited by 8
- 2023GaitFormer: Learning Gait Representations with Noisy Multi-Task Learningcited by 7
- 2021Robust Event Detection based on Spatio-Temporal Latent Action Unit using Skeletal Informationcited by 6
- 2022Real-World Graph Convolution Networks (RW-GCNs) for Action Recognition in Smart Video Surveillancecited by 6
- 2022A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-view Geometrycited by 6
- 2023Human Pose-based Estimation, Tracking and Action Recognition with Deep Learning: A Surveycited by 6
- 2023Large Scale Foundation Models for Intelligent Manufacturing Applications: A Surveycited by 6
- 2024Efficient Partitioning Vision Transformer on Edge Devices for Distributed Inferencecited by 6
- 2022Video Violence Recognition and Localization Using a Semi-Supervised Hard Attention Modelcited by 5
- 2023Video-based Contrastive Learning on Decision Trees: from Action Recognition to Autism Diagnosiscited by 5
- 2025Towards Robust and Realistic Human Pose Estimation via WiFi Signalscited by 5
- 2022Towards To-a-T Spatio-Temporal Focus for Skeleton-Based Action Recognitioncited by 4
- 2023Multi-Scale Control Signal-Aware Transformer for Motion Synthesis without Phasecited by 4
- 2024Autoregressive Adaptive Hypergraph Transformer for Skeleton-based Activity Recognitioncited by 4
50 most cited of 76 All 76 (JSON)
- 2025Signal-SGN++: Topology-Enhanced Time-Frequency Spiking Graph Network for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition22 Dec 2025
- 2025Kinetic Mining in Context: Few-Shot Action Synthesis via Text-to-Motion Distillation12 Dec 2025
- 2025TSkel-Mamba: Temporal Dynamic Modeling via State Space Model for Human Skeleton-based Action Recognition12 Dec 2025
- 2025CGTGait: Collaborative Graph and Transformer for Gait Emotion Recognition20 Sep 2025
- 2025EgoMusic-driven Human Dance Motion Estimation with Skeleton Mamba14 Aug 2025
- 2025BeatFormer: Efficient motion-robust remote heart rate estimation through unsupervised spectral zoomed attention filters20 Jul 2025
- 2025Zero-Shot Skeleton-Based Action Recognition With Prototype-Guided Feature Alignment1 Jul 2025
- 2025CoCoDiff: Diversifying Skeleton Action Features via Coarse-Fine Text-Co-Guided Latent Diffusion30 Apr 2025
- 2025Action Recognition in Real-World Ambient Assisted Living Environment29 Mar 2025
- 2025VA-AR: Learning Velocity-Aware Action Representations with Mixture of Window Attention14 Mar 2025
- 2025Towards Robust and Realistic Human Pose Estimation via WiFi Signals16 Jan 2025
- 2025IoT-Based Real-Time Medical-Related Human Activity Recognition Using Skeletons and Multi-Stage Deep Learning for Healthcare13 Jan 2025
38 more
- 2025Quantitative Gait Analysis from Single RGB Videos Using a Dual-Input Transformer-Based Network3 Jan 2025
- 2024SkelMamba: A State Space Model for Efficient Skeleton Action Recognition of Neurological Disorders29 Nov 2024
- 2024Adaptive Hyper-Graph Convolution Network for Skeleton-based Human Action Recognition with Virtual Connections22 Nov 2024
- 2024Autoregressive Adaptive Hypergraph Transformer for Skeleton-based Activity Recognition8 Nov 2024
- 2024DanceFusion: A Spatio-Temporal Skeleton Diffusion Transformer for Audio-Driven Dance Motion Reconstruction7 Nov 2024
- 2024Muscles in Time: Learning to Understand Human Motion by Simulating Muscle Activations31 Oct 2024
- 2024Efficient Partitioning Vision Transformer on Edge Devices for Distributed Inference15 Oct 2024
- 2024GMFL-Net: A Global Multi-geometric Feature Learning Network for Repetitive Action Counting31 Aug 2024
- 2024Skeleton-Based Action Recognition with Spatial-Structural Graph Convolution31 Jul 2024
- 2024Simba: Mamba augmented U-ShiftGCN for Skeletal Action Recognition in Videos11 Apr 2024
- 2024CrossGLG: LLM Guides One-shot Skeleton-based 3D Action Recognition in a Cross-level Manner15 Mar 2024
- 2024On the Utility of 3D Hand Poses for Action Recognition14 Mar 2024
- 2024Meet JEANIE: a Similarity Measure for 3D Skeleton Sequences via Temporal-Viewpoint Alignment7 Feb 2024
- 2023Large Scale Foundation Models for Intelligent Manufacturing Applications: A Survey11 Dec 2023
- 2023Navigating Open Set Scenarios for Skeleton-based Action Recognition11 Dec 2023
- 2023GaitContour: Efficient Gait Recognition based on a Contour-Pose Representation27 Nov 2023
- 2023GaitFormer: Learning Gait Representations with Noisy Multi-Task Learning30 Oct 2023
- 2023Human Pose-based Estimation, Tracking and Action Recognition with Deep Learning: A Survey19 Oct 2023
- 2023On the Relevance of Temporal Features for Medical Ultrasound Video Recognition16 Oct 2023
- 2023FastPoseGait: A Toolbox and Benchmark for Efficient Pose-based Gait Recognition2 Sep 2023
- 20233D Pose Nowcasting: Forecast the Future to Improve the Present24 Aug 2023
- 2023GaitPT: Skeletons Are All You Need For Gait Recognition21 Aug 2023
- 2023Human Part-wise 3D Motion Context Learning for Sign Language Recognition18 Aug 2023
- 2023Overcoming Topology Agnosticism: Enhancing Skeleton-Based Action Recognition through Redefined Skeletal Topology Awareness19 May 2023
- 2023Part Aware Contrastive Learning for Self-Supervised Action Recognition1 May 2023
- 2023Video-based Contrastive Learning on Decision Trees: from Action Recognition to Autism Diagnosis20 Apr 2023
- 2023Motion-R3: Fast and Accurate Motion Annotation via Representation-based Representativeness Ranking4 Apr 2023
- 2023GPGait: Generalized Pose-based Gait Recognition9 Mar 2023
- 2023Multi-Scale Control Signal-Aware Transformer for Motion Synthesis without Phase3 Mar 2023
- 2023Pyramid Self-attention Polymerization Learning for Semi-supervised Skeleton-based Action Recognition5 Feb 2023
- 2023Flow-guided Semi-supervised Video Object Segmentation25 Jan 2023
- 2022Transformers in Action Recognition: A Review on Temporal Modeling29 Dec 2022
- 2022A Light Touch Approach to Teaching Transformers Multi-view Geometry28 Nov 2022
- 2022Hypergraph Transformer for Skeleton-based Action Recognition17 Nov 2022
- 2022GaitMixer: Skeleton-based Gait Representation Learning via Wide-spectrum Multi-axial Mixer27 Oct 2022
- 2022Vision Transformers for Action Recognition: A Survey13 Sep 2022
- 2022SkeletonMAE: Spatial-Temporal Masked Autoencoders for Self-supervised Skeleton Action Recognition1 Sep 2022
- 2022Generative Action Description Prompts for Skeleton-based Action Recognition10 Aug 2022
50 newest of 76 All 76 (JSON)
- 2021Transformers in Vision: A Surveycited by 1,009
- 2022Assembly101: A Large-Scale Multi-View Video Dataset for Understanding Procedural Activitiescited by 284
- 2021Learning Skeletal Graph Neural Networks for Hard 3D Pose Estimationcited by 62
- 2022Generative Action Description Prompts for Skeleton-based Action Recognitioncited by 43
- 2022Delving into Sequential Patches for Deepfake Detectioncited by 41
- 2022CP-ViT: Cascade Vision Transformer Pruning via Progressive Sparsity Predictioncited by 39
- 2023GPGait: Generalized Pose-based Gait Recognitioncited by 39
- 2022Hypergraph Transformer for Skeleton-based Action Recognitioncited by 36
- 2022Global-local Motion Transformer for Unsupervised Skeleton-based Action Learningcited by 33
- 2022Spatial Transformer Network on Skeleton-based Gait Recognitioncited by 32
- 2022DirecFormer: A Directed Attention in Transformer Approach to Robust Action Recognitioncited by 31
- 2022Hierarchically Self-Supervised Transformer for Human Skeleton Representation Learningcited by 30
12 most cited of 72 All 72 (JSON)
- 2025Signal-SGN++: Topology-Enhanced Time-Frequency Spiking Graph Network for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition22 Dec 2025
- 2025Kinetic Mining in Context: Few-Shot Action Synthesis via Text-to-Motion Distillation12 Dec 2025
- 2025CGTGait: Collaborative Graph and Transformer for Gait Emotion Recognition20 Sep 2025
- 2025EgoMusic-driven Human Dance Motion Estimation with Skeleton Mamba14 Aug 2025
- 2025BeatFormer: Efficient motion-robust remote heart rate estimation through unsupervised spectral zoomed attention filters20 Jul 2025
- 2025Zero-Shot Skeleton-Based Action Recognition With Prototype-Guided Feature Alignment1 Jul 2025
- 2025Action Recognition in Real-World Ambient Assisted Living Environment29 Mar 2025
- 2025VA-AR: Learning Velocity-Aware Action Representations with Mixture of Window Attention14 Mar 2025
- 2025Towards Robust and Realistic Human Pose Estimation via WiFi Signals16 Jan 2025
- 2025IoT-Based Real-Time Medical-Related Human Activity Recognition Using Skeletons and Multi-Stage Deep Learning for Healthcare13 Jan 2025
- 2025Quantitative Gait Analysis from Single RGB Videos Using a Dual-Input Transformer-Based Network3 Jan 2025
- 2024SkelMamba: A State Space Model for Efficient Skeleton Action Recognition of Neurological Disorders29 Nov 2024
12 newest of 72 All 72 (JSON)