mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MODNet: Real-Time Trimap-Free Portrait Matting via Objective Decomposition

arXiv 2011.11961 ↗First posted 24 Nov 2020cs.CVcited by 127

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Existing portrait matting methods either require auxiliary inputs that are costly to obtain or involve multiple stages that are computationally expensive, making them less suitable for real-time applications. In this work, we present a light-weight matting objective decomposition network (MODNet) for portrait matting in real-time with a single input image. The key idea behind our efficient design is by optimizing a series of sub-objectives simultaneously via explicit constraints. In addition, MODNet includes two novel techniques for improving model efficiency and robustness. First, an Efficient Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (e-ASPP) module is introduced to fuse multi-scale features for semantic estimation. Second, a self-supervised sub-objectives consistency (SOC) strategy is proposed to adapt MODNet to real-world data to address the domain shift problem common to trimap-free methods. MODNet is easy to be trained in an end-to-end manner. It is much faster than contemporaneous methods and runs at 67 frames per second on a 1080Ti GPU. Experiments show that MODNet outperforms prior trimap-free methods by a large margin on both Adobe Matting Dataset and a carefully designed photographic portrait matting (PPM-100) benchmark proposed by us. Further, MODNet achieves remarkable results on daily photos and videos. Our code and models are available at https://github.com/ZHKKKe/MODNet, and the PPM-100 benchmark is released at https://github.com/ZHKKKe/PPM.

Key facts. Cited by 127 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 24 Nov 2020.

Builds on

No reference list yet.

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 16; 2023: 31; 2024: 32; 2025: 27; 2026: 20.

127 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2021HeadNeRF: A Real-time NeRF-based Parametric Head Modelcited by 228
  2. 2022PointAvatar: Deformable Point-based Head Avatars from Videoscited by 183
  3. 2023Vid2Avatar: 3D Avatar Reconstruction from Videos in the Wild via Self-supervised Scene Decompositioncited by 134
  4. 2022MegaPortraits: One-shot Megapixel Neural Head Avatarscited by 131
  5. 2022Fusing Global and Local Features for Generalized AI-Synthesized Image Detectioncited by 88
  6. 2022KeypointNeRF: Generalizing Image-based Volumetric Avatars using Relative Spatial Encoding of Keypointscited by 77
  7. 2024What Matters When Repurposing Diffusion Models for General Dense Perception Tasks?cited by 74
  8. 2022Learning to Relight Portrait Images via a Virtual Light Stage and Synthetic-to-Real Adaptationcited by 67
  9. 2022Deep Gradient Learning for Efficient Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 65
  10. 2022Harmonizer: Learning to Perform White-Box Image and Video Harmonizationcited by 61
  11. 2024GGHead: Fast and Generalizable 3D Gaussian Headscited by 51
  12. 2023LatentAvatar: Learning Latent Expression Code for Expressive Neural Head Avatarcited by 50
38 more
  1. 2023GaussianHead: High-fidelity Head Avatars with Learnable Gaussian Derivationcited by 46
  2. 2023Learning Disentangled Avatars with Hybrid 3D Representationscited by 44
  3. 2023Neural Haircut: Prior-Guided Strand-Based Hair Reconstructioncited by 43
  4. 2023TriPlaneNet: An Encoder for EG3D Inversioncited by 41
  5. 2023FLARE: Fast Learning of Animatable and Relightable Mesh Avatarscited by 39
  6. 2024MULAN: A Multi Layer Annotated Dataset for Controllable Text-to-Image Generationcited by 38
  7. 2024Generative Omnimatte: Learning to Decompose Video into Layerscited by 38
  8. 2023Text2Layer: Layered Image Generation using Latent Diffusion Modelcited by 35
  9. 2023MonoNPHM: Dynamic Head Reconstruction from Monocular Videoscited by 35
  10. 2024Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting from a Single Imagecited by 32
  11. 2024FATE: Full-head Gaussian Avatar with Textural Editing from Monocular Videocited by 31
  12. 2023Matting Anythingcited by 30
  13. 2022GLFF: Global and Local Feature Fusion for AI-synthesized Image Detectioncited by 25
  14. 2024MonoHair: High-Fidelity Hair Modeling from a Monocular Videocited by 24
  15. 2025MatAnyone: Stable Video Matting with Consistent Memory Propagationcited by 24
  16. 2022Referring Image Mattingcited by 22
  17. 2023Generalizable One-shot Neural Head Avatarcited by 21
  18. 2024Real-time 3D-aware Portrait Video Relightingcited by 21
  19. 2023BakedAvatar: Baking Neural Fields for Real-Time Head Avatar Synthesiscited by 20
  20. 2024FaceChain-ImagineID: Freely Crafting High-Fidelity Diverse Talking Faces from Disentangled Audiocited by 20
  21. 2024MaGGIe: Masked Guided Gradual Human Instance Mattingcited by 18
  22. 2024Joker: Conditional 3D Head Synthesis with Extreme Facial Expressionscited by 17
  23. 2024Learning to Generate Conditional Tri-plane for 3D-aware Expression Controllable Portrait Animationcited by 15
  24. 2024ZIM: Zero-Shot Image Matting for Anythingcited by 15
  25. 2024PERSE: Personalized 3D Generative Avatars from A Single Portraitcited by 15
  26. 2023Implicit Neural Head Synthesis via Controllable Local Deformation Fieldscited by 14
  27. 2023LumiGAN: Unconditional Generation of Relightable 3D Human Facescited by 14
  28. 2024DiffuMatting: Synthesizing Arbitrary Objects with Matting-level Annotationcited by 13
  29. 2024Matting by Generationcited by 13
  30. 2024Generating Compositional Scenes via Text-to-image RGBA Instance Generationcited by 13
  31. 2022One-Trimap Video Mattingcited by 12
  32. 2023Deep Image Matting: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 12
  33. 2026Video Generation Models are General-Purpose Vision Learnerscited by 12
  34. 2022Robust Human Matting via Semantic Guidancecited by 11
  35. 2025SEGA: Drivable 3D Gaussian Head Avatar from a Single Imagecited by 11
  36. 2025DAViD: Data-efficient and Accurate Vision Models from Synthetic Datacited by 11
  37. 2025FlexAvatar: Learning Complete 3D Head Avatars with Partial Supervisioncited by 10
  38. 2022FactorMatte: Redefining Video Matting for Re-Composition Taskscited by 8

50 most cited of 127 All 127 (JSON)