LumiGAN: Unconditional Generation of Relightable 3D Human Faces
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Abstract (arXiv)
Unsupervised learning of 3D human faces from unstructured 2D image data is an active research area. While recent works have achieved an impressive level of photorealism, they commonly lack control of lighting, which prevents the generated assets from being deployed in novel environments. To this end, we introduce LumiGAN, an unconditional Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for 3D human faces with a physically based lighting module that enables relighting under novel illumination at inference time. Unlike prior work, LumiGAN can create realistic shadow effects using an efficient visibility formulation that is learned in a self-supervised manner. LumiGAN generates plausible physical properties for relightable faces, including surface normals, diffuse albedo, and specular tint without any ground truth data. In addition to relightability, we demonstrate significantly improved geometry generation compared to state-of-the-art non-relightable 3D GANs and notably better photorealism than existing relightable GANs.
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 48 of its 77 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Apr 2023.
Builds on
48 of 77 references.
References · 48
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- 2017How far are we from solving the 2D & 3D Face Alignment problem? (and a dataset of 230,000 3D facial landmarks)cited by 525
36 more
- 2020NeRV: Neural Reflectance and Visibility Fields for Relighting and View Synthesiscited by 496
- 2021StyleNeRF: A Style-based 3D-Aware Generator for High-resolution Image Synthesiscited by 477
- 2020NeRD: Neural Reflectance Decomposition from Image Collectionscited by 449
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- 2021PhySG: Inverse Rendering with Spherical Gaussians for Physics-based Material Editing and Relightingcited by 335
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- 2019Single Image Portrait Relightingcited by 152
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- 2021Robust High-Resolution Video Matting with Temporal Guidancecited by 137
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 4; 2024: 5; 2025: 2; 2026: 3.
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- 2023State of the Art on Diffusion Models for Visual Computingcited by 127
- 2023Relightable Gaussian Codec Avatarscited by 127
- 2024URAvatar: Universal Relightable Gaussian Codec Avatarscited by 43
- 2024Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting from a Single Imagecited by 32
- 2024Lite2Relight: 3D-aware Single Image Portrait Relightingcited by 25
- 2024GenLit: Reformulating Single-Image Relighting as Video Generationcited by 20
- 2023Relightable Neural Actor with Intrinsic Decomposition and Pose Controlcited by 11
- 20253DPR: Single Image 3D Portrait Relight using Generative Priorscited by 8
- 2023Articulated 3D Head Avatar Generation using Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 6
- 2025Total-Editing: Head Avatar with Editable Appearance, Motion, and Lightingcited by 2
- 2024Analyzing and Improving the Skin Tone Consistency and Bias in Implicit 3D Relightable Face Generatorscited by 1
- 2026HeadLighter: Disentangling Illumination in Generative 3D Gaussian Heads via Lightstage Capturescited by 0
2 more
- 2026Dual Diffusion Models for Multi-modal Guided 3D Avatar Generation4 Mar 2026
- 2026RelightAnyone: A Generalized Relightable 3D Gaussian Head Model6 Jan 2026
- 2026HeadLighter: Disentangling Illumination in Generative 3D Gaussian Heads via Lightstage Captures5 Jan 2026
- 20253DPR: Single Image 3D Portrait Relight using Generative Priors17 Oct 2025
- 2025Total-Editing: Head Avatar with Editable Appearance, Motion, and Lighting26 May 2025
- 2024GenLit: Reformulating Single-Image Relighting as Video Generation15 Dec 2024
- 2024Analyzing and Improving the Skin Tone Consistency and Bias in Implicit 3D Relightable Face Generators18 Nov 2024
- 2024URAvatar: Universal Relightable Gaussian Codec Avatars31 Oct 2024
- 2024Lite2Relight: 3D-aware Single Image Portrait Relighting15 Jul 2024
- 2024Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting from a Single Image14 Mar 2024
- 2023Relightable Neural Actor with Intrinsic Decomposition and Pose Control18 Dec 2023
- 2023Relightable Gaussian Codec Avatars6 Dec 2023
2 more
- 2023State of the Art on Diffusion Models for Visual Computingcited by 127
- 2024GenLit: Reformulating Single-Image Relighting as Video Generationcited by 20
- 2023Articulated 3D Head Avatar Generation using Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 6
- 2026Dual Diffusion Models for Multi-modal Guided 3D Avatar Generationcited by 0
- 2026Dual Diffusion Models for Multi-modal Guided 3D Avatar Generation4 Mar 2026
- 2024GenLit: Reformulating Single-Image Relighting as Video Generation15 Dec 2024
- 2023State of the Art on Diffusion Models for Visual Computing11 Oct 2023
- 2023Articulated 3D Head Avatar Generation using Text-to-Image Diffusion Models10 Jul 2023
- 2023Relightable Gaussian Codec Avatarscited by 127
- 2024URAvatar: Universal Relightable Gaussian Codec Avatarscited by 43
- 2024Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting from a Single Imagecited by 32
- 2024Lite2Relight: 3D-aware Single Image Portrait Relightingcited by 25
- 2023Relightable Neural Actor with Intrinsic Decomposition and Pose Controlcited by 11
- 20253DPR: Single Image 3D Portrait Relight using Generative Priorscited by 8
- 2025Total-Editing: Head Avatar with Editable Appearance, Motion, and Lightingcited by 2
- 2024Analyzing and Improving the Skin Tone Consistency and Bias in Implicit 3D Relightable Face Generatorscited by 1
- 2026HeadLighter: Disentangling Illumination in Generative 3D Gaussian Heads via Lightstage Capturescited by 0
- 2026RelightAnyone: A Generalized Relightable 3D Gaussian Head Modelcited by 0
- 2026RelightAnyone: A Generalized Relightable 3D Gaussian Head Model6 Jan 2026
- 2026HeadLighter: Disentangling Illumination in Generative 3D Gaussian Heads via Lightstage Captures5 Jan 2026
- 20253DPR: Single Image 3D Portrait Relight using Generative Priors17 Oct 2025
- 2025Total-Editing: Head Avatar with Editable Appearance, Motion, and Lighting26 May 2025
- 2024Analyzing and Improving the Skin Tone Consistency and Bias in Implicit 3D Relightable Face Generators18 Nov 2024
- 2024URAvatar: Universal Relightable Gaussian Codec Avatars31 Oct 2024
- 2024Lite2Relight: 3D-aware Single Image Portrait Relighting15 Jul 2024
- 2024Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting from a Single Image14 Mar 2024
- 2023Relightable Neural Actor with Intrinsic Decomposition and Pose Control18 Dec 2023
- 2023Relightable Gaussian Codec Avatars6 Dec 2023