UniSplat: Unified Spatio-Temporal Fusion via 3D Latent Scaffolds for Dynamic Driving Scene Reconstruction
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Abstract (arXiv)
Feed-forward 3D reconstruction for autonomous driving has advanced rapidly, yet existing methods struggle with the joint challenges of sparse, non-overlapping camera views and complex scene dynamics. We present UniSplat, a general feed-forward framework that learns robust dynamic scene reconstruction through unified latent spatio-temporal fusion. UniSplat constructs a 3D latent scaffold, a structured representation that captures geometric and semantic scene context by leveraging pretrained foundation models. To effectively integrate information across spatial views and temporal frames, we introduce an efficient fusion mechanism that operates directly within the 3D scaffold, enabling consistent spatio-temporal alignment. To ensure complete and detailed reconstructions, we design a dual-branch decoder that generates dynamic-aware Gaussians from the fused scaffold by combining point-anchored refinement with voxel-based generation, and maintain a persistent memory of static Gaussians to enable streaming scene completion beyond current camera coverage. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that UniSplat achieves state-of-the-art performance in novel view synthesis, while providing robust and high-quality renderings even for viewpoints outside the original camera coverage.
Key facts. Cited by 10 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 47 of its 52 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Nov 2025.
Builds on
47 of 52 references.
References · 47
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,177
- 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,974
- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
- 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,523
- 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,723
- 2019Scalability in Perception for Autonomous Driving: Waymo Open Datasetcited by 2,451
- 2023DUSt3R: Geometric 3D Vision Made Easycited by 1,567
- 2025VGGT: Visual Geometry Grounded Transformercited by 1,539
- 2025DINOv3cited by 1,414
- 2023pixelSplat: 3D Gaussian Splats from Image Pairs for Scalable Generalizable 3D Reconstructioncited by 684
- 2023Mip-Splatting: Alias-free 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 667
- 2024MVSplat: Efficient 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse Multi-View Imagescited by 566
35 more
- 2025Continuous 3D Perception Model with Persistent Statecited by 548
- 2022Point-NeRF: Point-based Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 503
- 2025Fast3R: Towards 3D Reconstruction of 1000+ Images in One Forward Passcited by 367
- 2023Feature 3DGS: Supercharging 3D Gaussian Splatting to Enable Distilled Feature Fieldscited by 364
- 2023Splatter Image: Ultra-Fast Single-View 3D Reconstructioncited by 364
- 2023DrivingGaussian: Composite Gaussian Splatting for Surrounding Dynamic Autonomous Driving Scenescited by 360
- 2024MoGe: Unlocking Accurate Monocular Geometry Estimation for Open-Domain Images with Optimal Training Supervisioncited by 299
- 2023UniSim: A Neural Closed-Loop Sensor Simulatorcited by 297
- 2024DepthSplat: Connecting Gaussian Splatting and Depthcited by 286
- 2025MoGe-2: Accurate Monocular Geometry with Metric Scale and Sharp Detailscited by 261
- 2024Street Gaussians: Modeling Dynamic Urban Scenes with Gaussian Splattingcited by 221
- 2023EmerNeRF: Emergent Spatial-Temporal Scene Decomposition via Self-Supervisioncited by 217
- 2024MASt3R-SLAM: Real-Time Dense SLAM with 3D Reconstruction Priorscited by 205
- 2024GaussianFormer: Scene as Gaussians for Vision-Based 3D Semantic Occupancy Predictioncited by 157
- 2023NeuRAD: Neural Rendering for Autonomous Drivingcited by 150
- 2025Pseudo-Simulation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 150
- 2023Tri-MipRF: Tri-Mip Representation for Efficient Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 143
- 2023Periodic Vibration Gaussian: Dynamic Urban Scene Reconstruction and Real-time Renderingcited by 143
- 2024DriveDreamer4D: World Models Are Effective Data Machines for 4D Driving Scene Representationcited by 123
- 2024textitS3Gaussian: Self-Supervised Street Gaussians for Autonomous Drivingcited by 105
- 2025SpatialTrackerV2: 3D Point Tracking Made Easycited by 87
- 2024FMGS: Foundation Model Embedded 3D Gaussian Splatting for Holistic 3D Scene Understandingcited by 86
- 2024GaussianFormer-2: Probabilistic Gaussian Superposition for Efficient 3D Occupancy Predictioncited by 86
- 2024TranSplat: Generalizable 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse Multi-View Images with Transformerscited by 75
- 2023MuRF: Multi-Baseline Radiance Fieldscited by 71
- 2024DrivingForward: Feed-forward 3D Gaussian Splatting for Driving Scene Reconstruction from Flexible Surround-view Inputcited by 53
- 2024StreetCrafter: Street View Synthesis with Controllable Video Diffusion Modelscited by 49
- 2025LONG3R: Long Sequence Streaming 3D Reconstructioncited by 45
- 2024Omni-Scene: Omni-Gaussian Representation for Ego-Centric Sparse-View Scene Reconstructioncited by 32
- 2024FreeSim: Toward Free-viewpoint Camera Simulation in Driving Scenescited by 30
- 2024DrivingRecon: Large 4D Gaussian Reconstruction Model For Autonomous Drivingcited by 29
- 2025EVolSplat: Efficient Volume-based Gaussian Splatting for Urban View Synthesiscited by 21
- 2025AD-GS: Object-Aware B-Spline Gaussian Splatting for Self-Supervised Autonomous Drivingcited by 17
- 2024Improving Gaussian Splatting with Localized Points Managementcited by 8
- 2025ST-GS: Vision-Based 3D Semantic Occupancy Prediction with Spatial-Temporal Gaussian Splattingcited by 4
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 9.
10 papers.
- 2026Feed-Forward 3D Scene Modeling: A Problem-Driven Perspectivecited by 6
- 2025DriveVGGT: Calibration-Constrained Visual Geometry Transformers for Multi-Camera Autonomous Drivingcited by 4
- 2026SurroundNEXO: Ego-Centric Metric Bridging for Spatially Consistent Geometry in Autonomous Drivingcited by 1
- 2026SpectralSplat: Appearance-Disentangled Feed-Forward Gaussian Splatting for Driving Scenescited by 0
- 2026Targeted Structure Completion for Sparse-View 3D Reconstruction in Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Visual Geometry Foundation-Aware Gaussians for Single-Frame Surround-View Driving Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026Learning Gaussian Structure: Intervention-Guided Density Control for Feed-Forward Driving Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026Monocular Depth Estimation from a Single Image: Progress and Opportunitiescited by 0
- 2026VIPS: Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative Planning Benchmark via Pseudo-Simulationcited by 0
- 2026Drive3R: Block-wise Streaming Geometric Foundation Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Drive3R: Block-wise Streaming Geometric Foundation Models for Autonomous Driving10 Oct 2026
- 2026VIPS: Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative Planning Benchmark via Pseudo-Simulation2 Sep 2026
- 2026Monocular Depth Estimation from a Single Image: Progress and Opportunities1 Sep 2026
- 2026Learning Gaussian Structure: Intervention-Guided Density Control for Feed-Forward Driving Reconstruction11 Aug 2026
- 2026Visual Geometry Foundation-Aware Gaussians for Single-Frame Surround-View Driving Reconstruction11 Aug 2026
- 2026Targeted Structure Completion for Sparse-View 3D Reconstruction in Autonomous Driving6 Jul 2026
- 2026SurroundNEXO: Ego-Centric Metric Bridging for Spatially Consistent Geometry in Autonomous Driving15 Jun 2026
- 2026Feed-Forward 3D Scene Modeling: A Problem-Driven Perspective15 Apr 2026
- 2026SpectralSplat: Appearance-Disentangled Feed-Forward Gaussian Splatting for Driving Scenes3 Apr 2026
- 2025DriveVGGT: Calibration-Constrained Visual Geometry Transformers for Multi-Camera Autonomous Driving27 Nov 2025