In-Hand Object Rotation via Rapid Motor Adaptation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Generalized in-hand manipulation has long been an unsolved challenge of robotics. As a small step towards this grand goal, we demonstrate how to design and learn a simple adaptive controller to achieve in-hand object rotation using only fingertips. The controller is trained entirely in simulation on only cylindrical objects, which then - without any fine-tuning - can be directly deployed to a real robot hand to rotate dozens of objects with diverse sizes, shapes, and weights over the z-axis. This is achieved via rapid online adaptation of the controller to the object properties using only proprioception history. Furthermore, natural and stable finger gaits automatically emerge from training the control policy via reinforcement learning. Code and more videos are available at https://haozhi.io/hora
Key facts. Cited by 102 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 22 of its 45 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Oct 2022.
Builds on
22 of 45 references.
References · 22
- 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 14,441
- 2017Domain Randomization for Transferring Deep Neural Networks from Simulation to the Real Worldcited by 1,401
- 2015Fast and Accurate Deep Network Learning by Exponential Linear Units (ELUs)cited by 1,061
- 2021Isaac Gym: High Performance GPU-Based Physics Simulation For Robot Learningcited by 882
- 2019Solving Rubik's Cube with a Robot Handcited by 699
- 2017Learning Complex Dexterous Manipulation with Deep Reinforcement Learning and Demonstrationscited by 685
- 2018Learning Dexterous In-Hand Manipulationcited by 643
- 2020Learning Quadrupedal Locomotion over Challenging Terraincited by 494
- 2021RMA: Rapid Motor Adaptation for Legged Robotscited by 430
- 2019Deep Dynamics Models for Learning Dexterous Manipulationcited by 200
- 2021A System for General In-Hand Object Re-Orientationcited by 155
10 more
- 2020State-Only Imitation Learning for Dexterous Manipulationcited by 90
- 2021Generalization in Dexterous Manipulation via Geometry-Aware Multi-Task Learningcited by 49
- 2021Coupling Vision and Proprioception for Navigation of Legged Robotscited by 46
- 2016Learning Dexterous Manipulation for a Soft Robotic Hand from Human Demonstrationcited by 35
- 2021Transferring Dexterous Manipulation from GPU Simulation to a Remote Real-World TriFingercited by 34
- 2016Learning Dexterous Manipulation Policies from Experience and Imitationcited by 32
- 2022Complex In-Hand Manipulation via Compliance-Enabled Finger Gaiting and Multi-Modal Planningcited by 21
- 2022Learning Purely Tactile In-Hand Manipulation with a Torque-Controlled Handcited by 17
- 2018Relaxed-Rigidity Constraints: Kinematic Trajectory Optimization and Collision Avoidance for In-Grasp Manipulationcited by 11
- 2021On the Feasibility of Learning Finger-gaiting In-hand Manipulation with Intrinsic Sensingcited by 9
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 18; 2024: 24; 2025: 37; 2026: 22.
102 papers.
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- 2025FAST: Efficient Action Tokenization for Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 643
- 2024Evaluating Real-World Robot Manipulation Policies in Simulationcited by 484
- 2024DexCap: Scalable and Portable Mocap Data Collection System for Dexterous Manipulationcited by 149
- 2024ShapeLLM: Universal 3D Object Understanding for Embodied Interactioncited by 133
- 2022Legged Locomotion in Challenging Terrains using Egocentric Visioncited by 131
- 20243D Diffusion Policy: Generalizable Visuomotor Policy Learning via Simple 3D Representationscited by 115
- 2025ASAP: Aligning Simulation and Real-World Physics for Learning Agile Humanoid Whole-Body Skillscited by 104
- 2023UniDexGrasp++: Improving Dexterous Grasping Policy Learning via Geometry-aware Curriculum and Iterative Generalist-Specialist Learningcited by 101
- 2023General In-Hand Object Rotation with Vision and Touchcited by 87
- 2025DexGraspVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Framework Towards General Dexterous Graspingcited by 87
- 2023Rotating without Seeing: Towards In-hand Dexterity through Touchcited by 78
- 2023LEAP Hand: Low-Cost, Efficient, and Anthropomorphic Hand for Robot Learningcited by 78
38 more
- 2024DrEureka: Language Model Guided Sim-To-Real Transfercited by 78
- 2024Learning Visuotactile Skills with Two Multifingered Handscited by 71
- 2024SplatSim: Zero-Shot Sim2Real Transfer of RGB Manipulation Policies Using Gaussian Splattingcited by 63
- 2023Robot Synesthesia: In-Hand Manipulation with Visuotactile Sensingcited by 51
- 2024TRANSIC: Sim-to-Real Policy Transfer by Learning from Online Correctioncited by 50
- 2023Sequential Dexterity: Chaining Dexterous Policies for Long-Horizon Manipulationcited by 43
- 2025Sim-to-Real Reinforcement Learning for Vision-Based Dexterous Manipulation on Humanoidscited by 40
- 2024Hand-Object Interaction Pretraining from Videoscited by 38
- 2023Dexterous Functional Graspingcited by 36
- 2024Twisting Lids Off with Two Handscited by 36
- 2023Dynamic Handover: Throw and Catch with Bimanual Handscited by 33
- 2024ViViDex: Learning Vision-based Dexterous Manipulation from Human Videoscited by 33
- 2025DexMachina: Functional Retargeting for Bimanual Dexterous Manipulationcited by 30
- 2023RoboPianist: Dexterous Piano Playing with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 29
- 2023Neural feels with neural fields: Visuo-tactile perception for in-hand manipulationcited by 28
- 2024ASID: Active Exploration for System Identification in Robotic Manipulationcited by 27
- 2025Crossing the Human-Robot Embodiment Gap with Sim-to-Real RL using One Human Demonstrationcited by 27
- 2025World Models for Learning Dexterous Hand-Object Interactions from Human Videoscited by 26
- 2024CyberDemo: Augmenting Simulated Human Demonstration for Real-World Dexterous Manipulationcited by 25
- 2023SparseDFF: Sparse-View Feature Distillation for One-Shot Dexterous Manipulationcited by 22
- 2024Lessons from Learning to Spin "Pens"cited by 22
- 2025Physics-Driven Data Generation for Contact-Rich Manipulation via Trajectory Optimizationcited by 20
- 2024AnyRotate: Gravity-Invariant In-Hand Object Rotation with Sim-to-Real Touchcited by 18
- 2024Privileged Sensing Scaffolds Reinforcement Learningcited by 18
- 2025CordViP: Correspondence-based Visuomotor Policy for Dexterous Manipulation in Real-Worldcited by 16
- 2025Rapidly Adapting Policies to the Real World via Simulation-Guided Fine-Tuningcited by 15
- 2023Rapid Motor Adaptation for Robotic Manipulator Armscited by 13
- 2024Learning In-Hand Translation Using Tactile Skin With Shear and Normal Force Sensingcited by 13
- 2025Touch begins where vision ends: Generalizable policies for contact-rich manipulationcited by 13
- 2024Learning Diverse Bimanual Dexterous Manipulation Skills from Human Demonstrationscited by 12
- 2025MAPLE: Encoding Dexterous Robotic Manipulation Priors Learned From Egocentric Videoscited by 12
- 2023Learning a Universal Human Prior for Dexterous Manipulation from Human Preferencecited by 10
- 2026Dex4D: Task-Agnostic Point Track Policy for Sim-to-Real Dexterous Manipulationcited by 10
- 2026SimToolReal: An Object-Centric Policy for Zero-Shot Dexterous Tool Manipulationcited by 10
- 2025METIS: Multi-Source Egocentric Training for Integrated Dexterous Vision-Language-Action Modelcited by 9
- 2025From Simple to Complex Skills: The Case of In-Hand Object Reorientationcited by 8
- 2025DexNDM: Closing the Reality Gap for Dexterous In-Hand Rotation via Joint-Wise Neural Dynamics Modelcited by 8
- 2023Estimator-Coupled Reinforcement Learning for Robust Purely Tactile In-Hand Manipulationcited by 7
50 most cited of 102 All 102 (JSON)
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- 2026Generalizable Robotic Insertion with World Models23 Sep 2026
- 2026AURORA: Active Uncertainty-Driven Re-Orientation for In-Hand Reconstruction8 Sep 2026
- 2026WM-Craftnet: World Synesthesia Model for Generalizable and Robust Dexterous In-Hand Manipulation7 Sep 2026
- 2026ADEPT: Accelerating Dexterity via Pre-Training and Post-Training using Reinforcement Learning19 Aug 2026
- 2026Rapid Embodiment Adaptation for Quadrupedal Locomotion2 Aug 2026
- 2026Robust In-Hand Manipulation via Priors in Reinforcement Learning and Mechanical Design13 Jul 2026
- 2026A Minimalist Retargeting-Guided Reinforcement Learning Recipe for Dexterous Manipulation13 Jul 2026
- 2026IDEA: Insensitive to Dynamics Mismatch via Effect Alignment for Sim-to-Real Transfer in Multi-Agent Control25 Jun 2026
- 2026NoContactNoWorries: Estimating Contact through Vision and Proprioception for In-Hand Dexterous Manipulation23 Jun 2026
- 2026SPACE: Enabling Learning from Cross-Robot Data Toward Generalist Policies23 Jun 2026
- 2026GenPO++: Generative Policy Optimization with Jacobian-free Likelihood Ratios5 Jun 2026
38 more
- 2026TAM: Torque Adaptation Module for Robust Motion Transfer in Manipulation4 Jun 2026
- 2026Beyond Binary: Sim-to-Real Dexterous Manipulation with Physics-Grounded Contact Representation27 May 2026
- 2026roto 2.0: The Robot Tactile Olympiad20 May 2026
- 2026Wiggle and Go! System Identification for Zero-Shot Dynamic Rope Manipulation23 Apr 2026
- 2026CRAFT: A Tendon-Driven Hand with Hybrid Hard-Soft Compliance12 Mar 2026
- 2026Towards Human-Like Manipulation through RL-Augmented Teleoperation and Mixture-of-Dexterous-Experts VLA9 Mar 2026
- 2026SimToolReal: An Object-Centric Policy for Zero-Shot Dexterous Tool Manipulation18 Feb 2026
- 2026Dex4D: Task-Agnostic Point Track Policy for Sim-to-Real Dexterous Manipulation17 Feb 2026
- 2026SemanticFeels: Semantic Labeling during In-Hand Manipulation15 Feb 2026
- 2026ViTaS: Visual Tactile Soft Fusion Contrastive Learning for Visuomotor Learning12 Feb 2026
- 2025World Models for Learning Dexterous Hand-Object Interactions from Human Videos15 Dec 2025
- 2025House of Dextra: Cross-embodied Co-design for Dexterous Hands3 Dec 2025
- 2025METIS: Multi-Source Egocentric Training for Integrated Dexterous Vision-Language-Action Model21 Nov 2025
- 2025Enhancing Tactile-based Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Control24 Oct 2025
- 2025Phys2Real: Fusing VLM Priors with Interactive Online Adaptation for Uncertainty-Aware Sim-to-Real Manipulation13 Oct 2025
- 2025DexNDM: Closing the Reality Gap for Dexterous In-Hand Rotation via Joint-Wise Neural Dynamics Model9 Oct 2025
- 2025Diffusing Trajectory Optimization Problems for Recovery During Multi-Finger Manipulation8 Oct 2025
- 2025AD-NODE: Adaptive Dynamics Learning with Neural ODEs for Mobile Robots Control6 Oct 2025
- 2025Text2Touch: Tactile In-Hand Manipulation with LLM-Designed Reward Functions9 Sep 2025
- 2025Solving Robotics Tasks with Prior Demonstration via Exploration-Efficient Deep Reinforcement Learning4 Sep 2025
- 2025LodeStar: Long-horizon Dexterity via Synthetic Data Augmentation from Human Demonstrations24 Aug 2025
- 2025Learning Pivoting Manipulation with Force and Vision Feedback Using Optimization-based Demonstrations1 Aug 2025
- 2025A roadmap for AI in robotics26 Jul 2025
- 2025Scaffolding Dexterous Manipulation with Vision-Language Models24 Jun 2025
- 2025Touch begins where vision ends: Generalizable policies for contact-rich manipulation16 Jun 2025
- 2025CARoL: Context-aware Adaptation for Robot Learning8 Jun 2025
- 2025DexMachina: Functional Retargeting for Bimanual Dexterous Manipulation30 May 2025
- 2025Situationally-Aware Dynamics Learning26 May 2025
- 2025Guided Policy Optimization under Partial Observability21 May 2025
- 2025Composing Dextrous Grasping and In-hand Manipulation via Scoring with a Reinforcement Learning Critic19 May 2025
- 2025Distilling Realizable Students from Unrealizable Teachers14 May 2025
- 2025Morphologically Symmetric Reinforcement Learning for Ambidextrous Bimanual Manipulation8 May 2025
- 2025Action Flow Matching for Continual Robot Learning25 Apr 2025
- 2025Crossing the Human-Robot Embodiment Gap with Sim-to-Real RL using One Human Demonstration17 Apr 2025
- 2025MAPLE: Encoding Dexterous Robotic Manipulation Priors Learned From Egocentric Videos8 Apr 2025
- 2025Learning to Play Piano in the Real World19 Mar 2025
- 2025DexGraspVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Framework Towards General Dexterous Grasping28 Feb 2025
- 2025Sim-to-Real Reinforcement Learning for Vision-Based Dexterous Manipulation on Humanoids27 Feb 2025
50 newest of 102 All 102 (JSON)
- 2025FAST: Efficient Action Tokenization for Vision-Language-Action Modelscited by 643
- 2025DexGraspVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Framework Towards General Dexterous Graspingcited by 87
- 2025METIS: Multi-Source Egocentric Training for Integrated Dexterous Vision-Language-Action Modelcited by 9
- 2026Towards Human-Like Manipulation through RL-Augmented Teleoperation and Mixture-of-Dexterous-Experts VLAcited by 3
- 2026SPACE: Enabling Learning from Cross-Robot Data Toward Generalist Policiescited by 0
- 2026Self-Adaptive VLA for Robust Robot Deploymentcited by 0
- 2026Self-Adaptive VLA for Robust Robot Deployment24 Sep 2026
- 2026SPACE: Enabling Learning from Cross-Robot Data Toward Generalist Policies23 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Human-Like Manipulation through RL-Augmented Teleoperation and Mixture-of-Dexterous-Experts VLA9 Mar 2026
- 2025METIS: Multi-Source Egocentric Training for Integrated Dexterous Vision-Language-Action Model21 Nov 2025
- 2025DexGraspVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Framework Towards General Dexterous Grasping28 Feb 2025
- 2025FAST: Efficient Action Tokenization for Vision-Language-Action Models16 Jan 2025
- 2024DexCap: Scalable and Portable Mocap Data Collection System for Dexterous Manipulationcited by 149
- 2024CyberDemo: Augmenting Simulated Human Demonstration for Real-World Dexterous Manipulationcited by 25
- 2025Touch begins where vision ends: Generalizable policies for contact-rich manipulationcited by 13
- 2025Touch begins where vision ends: Generalizable policies for contact-rich manipulation16 Jun 2025
- 2024DexCap: Scalable and Portable Mocap Data Collection System for Dexterous Manipulation12 Mar 2024
- 2024CyberDemo: Augmenting Simulated Human Demonstration for Real-World Dexterous Manipulation22 Feb 2024
- 2024Evaluating Real-World Robot Manipulation Policies in Simulationcited by 484
- 2022Legged Locomotion in Challenging Terrains using Egocentric Visioncited by 131
- 2025ASAP: Aligning Simulation and Real-World Physics for Learning Agile Humanoid Whole-Body Skillscited by 104
- 2023UniDexGrasp++: Improving Dexterous Grasping Policy Learning via Geometry-aware Curriculum and Iterative Generalist-Specialist Learningcited by 101
- 2023General In-Hand Object Rotation with Vision and Touchcited by 87
- 2023Rotating without Seeing: Towards In-hand Dexterity through Touchcited by 78
- 2023LEAP Hand: Low-Cost, Efficient, and Anthropomorphic Hand for Robot Learningcited by 78
- 2024DrEureka: Language Model Guided Sim-To-Real Transfercited by 78
- 2024Learning Visuotactile Skills with Two Multifingered Handscited by 71
- 2024SplatSim: Zero-Shot Sim2Real Transfer of RGB Manipulation Policies Using Gaussian Splattingcited by 63
- 2023Robot Synesthesia: In-Hand Manipulation with Visuotactile Sensingcited by 51
- 2024TRANSIC: Sim-to-Real Policy Transfer by Learning from Online Correctioncited by 50
12 most cited of 83 All 83 (JSON)
- 2026AURORA: Active Uncertainty-Driven Re-Orientation for In-Hand Reconstruction8 Sep 2026
- 2026ADEPT: Accelerating Dexterity via Pre-Training and Post-Training using Reinforcement Learning19 Aug 2026
- 2026Rapid Embodiment Adaptation for Quadrupedal Locomotion2 Aug 2026
- 2026Robust In-Hand Manipulation via Priors in Reinforcement Learning and Mechanical Design13 Jul 2026
- 2026A Minimalist Retargeting-Guided Reinforcement Learning Recipe for Dexterous Manipulation13 Jul 2026
- 2026IDEA: Insensitive to Dynamics Mismatch via Effect Alignment for Sim-to-Real Transfer in Multi-Agent Control25 Jun 2026
- 2026NoContactNoWorries: Estimating Contact through Vision and Proprioception for In-Hand Dexterous Manipulation23 Jun 2026
- 2026GenPO++: Generative Policy Optimization with Jacobian-free Likelihood Ratios5 Jun 2026
- 2026TAM: Torque Adaptation Module for Robust Motion Transfer in Manipulation4 Jun 2026
- 2026Beyond Binary: Sim-to-Real Dexterous Manipulation with Physics-Grounded Contact Representation27 May 2026
- 2026roto 2.0: The Robot Tactile Olympiad20 May 2026
- 2026Wiggle and Go! System Identification for Zero-Shot Dynamic Rope Manipulation23 Apr 2026
12 newest of 83 All 83 (JSON)