mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Uncertainty-aware Joint Salient Object and Camouflaged Object Detection

arXiv 2104.02628 ↗First posted 6 Apr 2021cs.CVcited by 114

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Abstract (arXiv)

Visual salient object detection (SOD) aims at finding the salient object(s) that attract human attention, while camouflaged object detection (COD) on the contrary intends to discover the camouflaged object(s) that hidden in the surrounding. In this paper, we propose a paradigm of leveraging the contradictory information to enhance the detection ability of both salient object detection and camouflaged object detection. We start by exploiting the easy positive samples in the COD dataset to serve as hard positive samples in the SOD task to improve the robustness of the SOD model. Then, we introduce a similarity measure module to explicitly model the contradicting attributes of these two tasks. Furthermore, considering the uncertainty of labeling in both tasks' datasets, we propose an adversarial learning network to achieve both higher order similarity measure and network confidence estimation. Experimental results on benchmark datasets demonstrate that our solution leads to state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance for both tasks.

Key facts. Cited by 114 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 30 of its 61 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Apr 2021.

Builds on

30 of 61 references.

References · 30

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
  2. 2017Multi-Task Learning Using Uncertainty to Weigh Losses for Scene Geometry and Semanticscited by 1,345
  3. 2018Image Super-Resolution Using Very Deep Residual Channel Attention Networkscited by 1,256
  4. 2018Dual Attention Network for Scene Segmentationcited by 1,001
  5. 2016Adversarial Machine Learning at Scalecited by 934
  6. 2017Structure-measure: A New Way to Evaluate Foreground Mapscited by 480
  7. 2018Enhanced-alignment Measure for Binary Foreground Map Evaluationcited by 370
  8. 2019EGNet:Edge Guidance Network for Salient Object Detectioncited by 237
  9. 2019Cascaded Partial Decoder for Fast and Accurate Salient Object Detectioncited by 216
  10. 2019A Simple Pooling-Based Design for Real-Time Salient Object Detectioncited by 211
  11. 2020Multi-task Collaborative Network for Joint Referring Expression Comprehension and Segmentationcited by 204
  12. 2021Simultaneously Localize, Segment and Rank the Camouflaged Objectscited by 198
18 more
  1. 2015Visual Saliency Based on Multiscale Deep Featurescited by 185
  2. 2019F3Net: Fusion, Feedback and Focus for Salient Object Detectioncited by 176
  3. 2018Adversarial Learning for Semi-Supervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 173
  4. 2019Semi-Supervised Semantic Segmentation with High- and Low-level Consistencycited by 147
  5. 2021Mutual Graph Learning for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 103
  6. 2020UC-Net: Uncertainty Inspired RGB-D Saliency Detection via Conditional Variational Autoencoderscited by 98
  7. 2020Highly Efficient Salient Object Detection with 100K Parameterscited by 79
  8. 2020JL-DCF: Joint Learning and Densely-Cooperative Fusion Framework for RGB-D Salient Object Detectioncited by 79
  9. 2019Joint Learning of Saliency Detection and Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentationcited by 57
  10. 2020Uncertainty Inspired RGB-D Saliency Detectioncited by 56
  11. 2020Joint Semantic Segmentation and Boundary Detection using Iterative Pyramid Contextscited by 51
  12. 2018Salient Objects in Clutter: Bringing Salient Object Detection to the Foregroundcited by 47
  13. 2019Progressive Feature Polishing Network for Salient Object Detectioncited by 34
  14. 2019cmSalGAN: RGB-D Salient Object Detection with Cross-View Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 21
  15. 2017Semi and Weakly Supervised Semantic Segmentation Using Generative Adversarial Networkcited by 11
  16. 2019ROSA: Robust Salient Object Detection against Adversarial Attackscited by 10
  17. 2020Cylindrical Convolutional Networks for Joint Object Detection and Viewpoint Estimationcited by 7
  18. 2019Joint Learning of Semantic Alignment and Object Landmark Detectioncited by 6

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 6; 2022: 18; 2023: 34; 2024: 28; 2025: 22; 2026: 6.

114 papers.

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  1. 2022Zoom In and Out: A Mixed-scale Triplet Network for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 145
  2. 2023Explicit Visual Prompting for Low-Level Structure Segmentationscited by 113
  3. 2023Can SAM Segment Anything? When SAM Meets Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 99
  4. 2023Feature Shrinkage Pyramid for Camouflaged Object Detection with Transformerscited by 87
  5. 2022High-resolution Iterative Feedback Network for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 78
  6. 2022Boundary-Guided Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 68
  7. 2022Deep Gradient Learning for Efficient Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 65
  8. 2022CamoFormer: Masked Separable Attention for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 58
  9. 2023VSCode: General Visual Salient and Camouflaged Object Detection with 2D Prompt Learningcited by 58
  10. 2024SAM2-Adapter: Evaluating & Adapting Segment Anything 2 in Downstream Tasks: Camouflage, Shadow, Medical Image Segmentation, and Morecited by 58
  11. 2023Strategic Preys Make Acute Predators: Enhancing Camouflaged Object Detectors by Generating Camouflaged Objectscited by 56
  12. 2023SAM Fails to Segment Anything? -- SAM-Adapter: Adapting SAM in Underperformed Scenes: Camouflage, Shadow, Medical Image Segmentation, and Morecited by 53
38 more
  1. 2022Source-free Depth for Object Pop-outcited by 52
  2. 2023ZoomNeXt: A Unified Collaborative Pyramid Network for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 48
  3. 2023Advances in Deep Concealed Scene Understandingcited by 47
  4. 2024Frequency-Spatial Entanglement Learning for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 46
  5. 2022Weakly-Supervised Camouflaged Object Detection with Scribble Annotationscited by 43
  6. 2024A Survey of Camouflaged Object Detection and Beyondcited by 37
  7. 2022Camouflaged Object Detection via Context-aware Cross-level Fusioncited by 32
  8. 2023Diffusion Model for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 27
  9. 2021A Survey on Epistemic (Model) Uncertainty in Supervised Learning: Recent Advances and Applicationscited by 24
  10. 2022Boosting Camouflaged Object Detection with Dual-Task Interactive Transformercited by 24
  11. 2024A Simple yet Effective Network based on Vision Transformer for Camouflaged Object and Salient Object Detectioncited by 23
  12. 2024SAM-COD: SAM-guided Unified Framework for Weakly-Supervised Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 22
  13. 2023CamoDiffusion: Camouflaged Object Detection via Conditional Diffusion Modelscited by 21
  14. 2024Exploring Deeper! Segment Anything Model with Depth Perception for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 20
  15. 2021Salient Objects in Cluttercited by 19
  16. 2022Towards Deeper Understanding of Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 19
  17. 2023Referring Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 19
  18. 2021Generative Transformer for Accurate and Reliable Salient Object Detectioncited by 18
  19. 2022Democracy Does Matter: Comprehensive Feature Mining for Co-Salient Object Detectioncited by 18
  20. 2024Hierarchical Graph Interaction Transformer with Dynamic Token Clustering for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 18
  21. 2023Towards Diverse Binary Segmentation via A Simple yet General Gated Networkcited by 17
  22. 2023Explicit Visual Prompting for Universal Foreground Segmentationscited by 17
  23. 2023CamDiff: Camouflage Image Augmentation via Diffusion Modelcited by 16
  24. 2024Frequency-Guided Spatial Adaptation for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 15
  25. 2023Open-Vocabulary Camouflaged Object Segmentationcited by 14
  26. 2024FocusDiffuser: Perceiving Local Disparities for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 14
  27. 2025Improving SAM for Camouflaged Object Detection via Dual Stream Adapterscited by 13
  28. 2022MFFN: Multi-view Feature Fusion Network for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 12
  29. 2023Object Segmentation by Mining Cross-Modal Semanticscited by 12
  30. 2024Evaluating SAM2's Role in Camouflaged Object Detection: From SAM to SAM2cited by 12
  31. 2023Edge-Aware Mirror Network for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 10
  32. 2024GLCONet: Learning Multi-source Perception Representation for Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 10
  33. 2021Dense Uncertainty Estimationcited by 9
  34. 2023Unified-modal Salient Object Detection via Adaptive Prompt Learningcited by 9
  35. 2025Controllable-LPMoE: Adapting to Challenging Object Segmentation via Dynamic Local Priors from Mixture-of-Expertscited by 9
  36. 2023Collaborative Camouflaged Object Detection: A Large-Scale Dataset and Benchmarkcited by 8
  37. 2023Large Model Based Referring Camouflaged Object Detectioncited by 8
  38. 2023Building Extraction from Remote Sensing Images via an Uncertainty-Aware Networkcited by 7

50 most cited of 114 All 114 (JSON)