mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Taming Video Models for 3D and 4D Generation via Zero-Shot Camera Control

arXiv 2509.15130 ↗First posted 18 Sep 2025cs.GR cs.AI cs.CVcited by 18

On the map: Diffusion models → Video generation

Abstract (arXiv)

Video diffusion models have rich world priors, but their use in spatial tasks is limited by poor control, spatial-temporal inconsistent results, and entangled scene-camera dynamics. Current approaches, such as per-task fine-tuning or post-process warping, often introduce visual artifacts, fail to generalize, or incur high computational costs. We introduce WorldForge, a novel, training-free framework that operates purely at inference time to resolve these issues. Our method comprises three synergistic components. First, an intra-step refinement loop injects fine-grained motion guidance during the denoising process, iteratively correcting the output to ensure strict adherence to the target camera path. Second, an optical flow-based analysis identifies and isolates motion-related channels within the latent space. This allows our framework to selectively apply guidance, thereby decoupling motion from appearance and preserving visual fidelity. Third, a dual-path guidance strategy adaptively corrects for drift by comparing the guided generation against an unguided, reference denoising path, effectively neutralizing artifacts caused by misaligned structural inputs. Together, these components inject precise, trajectory-aligned control without model retraining, achieving accurate motion guidance and photorealistic synthesis. As a plug-and-play, model-agnostic solution, WorldForge demonstrates highly versatile generalizability. Beyond robust zero-shot 3D/4D generation, it readily empowers over a dozen diverse downstream applications, seamlessly enabling tasks like video editing, stabilization, and virtual try-on. Extensive experiments confirm state-of-the-art performance in trajectory adherence and perceptual quality, outperforming both training-dependent and inference-only baselines.

Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Video generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 86 of its 98 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Sep 2025.

Builds on

86 of 98 references.

Closest ancestors · 10

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2025Diffusion as Shader: 3D-aware Video Diffusion for Versatile Video Generation Control7 Jan
  2. 2024Trajectory Attention for Fine-grained Video Motion Control28 Nov
  3. 2024AC3D: Analyzing and Improving 3D Camera Control in Video Diffusion Transformers27 Nov
  4. 2024CogVideoX: Text-to-Video Diffusion Models with An Expert Transformer12 Aug
  5. 2024VD3D: Taming Large Video Diffusion Transformers for 3D Camera Control17 Jul
  6. 2024Video Diffusion Models are Training-free Motion Interpreter and Controller23 May
  7. 2024CameraCtrl: Enabling Camera Control for Text-to-Video Generation2 Apr
  8. 2023Animate Anyone: Consistent and Controllable Image-to-Video Synthesis for Character Animation28 Nov
  9. 2023Stable Video Diffusion: Scaling Latent Video Diffusion Models to Large Datasets25 Nov
  10. 2023DynamiCrafter: Animating Open-domain Images with Video Diffusion Priors18 Oct

Other references · 76

  1. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
  3. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,380
  4. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
  5. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 9,122
  6. 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,234
  7. 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
  8. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,847
  9. 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,702
  10. 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,503
  11. 2015Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Visioncited by 5,475
  12. 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,796
38 more
  1. 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,723
  2. 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,700
  3. 2017Quo Vadis, Action Recognition? A New Model and the Kinetics Datasetcited by 3,270
  4. 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Modelscited by 3,045
  5. 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,025
  6. 2025Wan: Open and Advanced Large-Scale Video Generative Modelscited by 2,708
  7. 2020RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flowcited by 2,415
  8. 2021Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 2,032
  9. 2022DPM-Solver: A Fast ODE Solver for Diffusion Probabilistic Model Sampling in Around 10 Stepscited by 1,979
  10. 2024HunyuanVideo: A Systematic Framework For Large Video Generative Modelscited by 1,660
  11. 2025VGGT: Visual Geometry Grounded Transformercited by 1,539
  12. 2022RePaint: Inpainting using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 1,430
  13. 2023T2I-Adapter: Learning Adapters to Dig out More Controllable Ability for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,351
  14. 2018Towards Accurate Generative Models of Video: A New Metric & Challengescited by 1,234
  15. 2021Variational Diffusion Modelscited by 1,153
  16. 2023MVDream: Multi-view Diffusion for 3D Generationcited by 938
  17. 2018MVSNet: Depth Inference for Unstructured Multi-view Stereocited by 788
  18. 2024Structured 3D Latents for Scalable and Versatile 3D Generationcited by 770
  19. 2024Genie: Generative Interactive Environmentscited by 747
  20. 2022Pseudo Numerical Methods for Diffusion Models on Manifoldscited by 700
  21. 2023Mip-Splatting: Alias-free 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 667
  22. 2023MotionCtrl: A Unified and Flexible Motion Controller for Video Generationcited by 580
  23. 2023UniPC: A Unified Predictor-Corrector Framework for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Modelscited by 450
  24. 2024CAT3D: Create Anything in 3D with Multi-View Diffusion Modelscited by 432
  25. 2024ViewCrafter: Taming Video Diffusion Models for High-fidelity Novel View Synthesiscited by 403
  26. 2024UniDepth: Universal Monocular Metric Depth Estimationcited by 382
  27. 2025GEN3C: 3D-Informed World-Consistent Video Generation with Precise Camera Controlcited by 341
  28. 2023Follow Your Pose: Pose-Guided Text-to-Video Generation using Pose-Free Videoscited by 314
  29. 2023Understanding Diffusion Objectives as the ELBO with Simple Data Augmentationcited by 304
  30. 2024Guiding a Diffusion Model with a Bad Version of Itselfcited by 299
  31. 2025ReCamMaster: Camera-Controlled Generative Rendering from A Single Videocited by 287
  32. 2024Navigation World Modelscited by 272
  33. 2024MegaSaM: Accurate, Fast, and Robust Structure and Motion from Casual Dynamic Videoscited by 228
  34. 2024DepthCrafter: Generating Consistent Long Depth Sequences for Open-world Videoscited by 204
  35. 2018Video Object Segmentation with Language Referring Expressionscited by 162
  36. 2025Difix3D+: Improving 3D Reconstructions with Single-Step Diffusion Modelscited by 161
  37. 2025WorldScore: A Unified Evaluation Benchmark for World Generationcited by 156
  38. 2024Generative Camera Dolly: Extreme Monocular Dynamic Novel View Synthesiscited by 117

50 most cited of 76 All 76 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 15.

18 papers.

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  1. 2026NeoVerse: Enhancing 4D World Model with in-the-wild Monocular Videoscited by 46
  2. 2025Positional Encoding Fieldcited by 20
  3. 2025X-Streamer: Unified Human World Modeling with Audiovisual Interactioncited by 18
  4. 2025Adaptive Stochastic Coefficients for Accelerating Diffusion Samplingcited by 6
  5. 2026Feed-Forward 3D Scene Modeling: A Problem-Driven Perspectivecited by 6
  6. 2026SCoPE: Sightline-Coordinate Positional Encoding for Video Diffusion Transformerscited by 5
  7. 2026GeoStream: Toward Precise Camera Controlled Streaming Video Generationcited by 4
  8. 2026HarmoHOI: Harmonizing Appearance and 3D Motion for Multi-view Hand-Object Interaction Synthesiscited by 4
  9. 2026Free-Lunch Long Video Generation via Layer-Adaptive O.O.D Correctioncited by 3
  10. 2026Free Lunch for Stabilizing Rectified Flow Inversioncited by 2
  11. 2026h-control: Training-Free Camera Control via Block-Conditional Gibbs Refinementcited by 1
  12. 2026NeoMap: Training-free Novel-View Synthesis from Single Images and Videoscited by 1
6 more
  1. 2026Beyond Inpainting: Unleash 3D Understanding for Precise Camera-Controlled Video Generationcited by 0
  2. 2026Beyond Pixels: From Video Priors to 4D Worldscited by 0
  3. 2026World in World: Explore the World with World Modelscited by 0
  4. 20264Director: Controlling Video World Models with Rigid 3D Geometrycited by 0
  5. 2026ChronoWorld: Camera-Controlled Consistent 4D World Generation via Spatiotemporal Cues and Geometric Reflectionscited by 0
  6. 2026Any Time, Any Space: A World-State-Centric Framework for Agentic Video Generationcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026Probing into Camera Control of Video Models
  2. 2024Boosting Camera Motion Control for Video Diffusion Transformers
  3. 2025Taming Video Diffusion Prior with Scene-Grounding Guidance for 3D Gaussian Splatting from Sparse Inputs
  4. 2025BulletTime: Decoupled Control of Time and Camera Pose for Video Generation
  5. 2025CamCtrl3D: Single-Image Scene Exploration with Precise 3D Camera Control
  6. 2026Track the Noise, Move the World:3D-Grounded Motion-Consistent Noise for Controllable Video Generation
  7. 2025Frame Guidance: Training-Free Guidance for Frame-Level Control in Video Diffusion Models
  8. 2026PartiCam: Camera Controlled Video Generation with Reward Guidance