Taming Video Models for 3D and 4D Generation via Zero-Shot Camera Control
On the map: Diffusion models → Video generation
Abstract (arXiv)
Video diffusion models have rich world priors, but their use in spatial tasks is limited by poor control, spatial-temporal inconsistent results, and entangled scene-camera dynamics. Current approaches, such as per-task fine-tuning or post-process warping, often introduce visual artifacts, fail to generalize, or incur high computational costs. We introduce WorldForge, a novel, training-free framework that operates purely at inference time to resolve these issues. Our method comprises three synergistic components. First, an intra-step refinement loop injects fine-grained motion guidance during the denoising process, iteratively correcting the output to ensure strict adherence to the target camera path. Second, an optical flow-based analysis identifies and isolates motion-related channels within the latent space. This allows our framework to selectively apply guidance, thereby decoupling motion from appearance and preserving visual fidelity. Third, a dual-path guidance strategy adaptively corrects for drift by comparing the guided generation against an unguided, reference denoising path, effectively neutralizing artifacts caused by misaligned structural inputs. Together, these components inject precise, trajectory-aligned control without model retraining, achieving accurate motion guidance and photorealistic synthesis. As a plug-and-play, model-agnostic solution, WorldForge demonstrates highly versatile generalizability. Beyond robust zero-shot 3D/4D generation, it readily empowers over a dozen diverse downstream applications, seamlessly enabling tasks like video editing, stabilization, and virtual try-on. Extensive experiments confirm state-of-the-art performance in trajectory adherence and perceptual quality, outperforming both training-dependent and inference-only baselines.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Video generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 86 of its 98 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Sep 2025.
Builds on
86 of 98 references.
Closest ancestors · 10
Same direction, newest first
- 2025Diffusion as Shader: 3D-aware Video Diffusion for Versatile Video Generation Control7 Jan
- 2024Trajectory Attention for Fine-grained Video Motion Control28 Nov
- 2024AC3D: Analyzing and Improving 3D Camera Control in Video Diffusion Transformers27 Nov
- 2024CogVideoX: Text-to-Video Diffusion Models with An Expert Transformer12 Aug
- 2024VD3D: Taming Large Video Diffusion Transformers for 3D Camera Control17 Jul
- 2024Video Diffusion Models are Training-free Motion Interpreter and Controller23 May
- 2024CameraCtrl: Enabling Camera Control for Text-to-Video Generation2 Apr
- 2023Animate Anyone: Consistent and Controllable Image-to-Video Synthesis for Character Animation28 Nov
- 2023Stable Video Diffusion: Scaling Latent Video Diffusion Models to Large Datasets25 Nov
- 2023DynamiCrafter: Animating Open-domain Images with Video Diffusion Priors18 Oct
Other references · 76
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
- 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,380
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 9,122
- 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,234
- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,847
- 2022Flow Matching for Generative Modelingcited by 5,702
- 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,503
- 2015Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Visioncited by 5,475
- 2025Gemini 2.5: Pushing the Frontier with Advanced Reasoning, Multimodality, Long Context, and Next Generation Agentic Capabilitiescited by 3,796
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- 2022Flow Straight and Fast: Learning to Generate and Transfer Data with Rectified Flowcited by 3,700
- 2017Quo Vadis, Action Recognition? A New Model and the Kinetics Datasetcited by 3,270
- 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Modelscited by 3,045
- 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,025
- 2025Wan: Open and Advanced Large-Scale Video Generative Modelscited by 2,708
- 2020RAFT: Recurrent All-Pairs Field Transforms for Optical Flowcited by 2,415
- 2021Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 2,032
- 2022DPM-Solver: A Fast ODE Solver for Diffusion Probabilistic Model Sampling in Around 10 Stepscited by 1,979
- 2024HunyuanVideo: A Systematic Framework For Large Video Generative Modelscited by 1,660
- 2025VGGT: Visual Geometry Grounded Transformercited by 1,539
- 2022RePaint: Inpainting using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 1,430
- 2023T2I-Adapter: Learning Adapters to Dig out More Controllable Ability for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,351
- 2018Towards Accurate Generative Models of Video: A New Metric & Challengescited by 1,234
- 2021Variational Diffusion Modelscited by 1,153
- 2023MVDream: Multi-view Diffusion for 3D Generationcited by 938
- 2018MVSNet: Depth Inference for Unstructured Multi-view Stereocited by 788
- 2024Structured 3D Latents for Scalable and Versatile 3D Generationcited by 770
- 2024Genie: Generative Interactive Environmentscited by 747
- 2022Pseudo Numerical Methods for Diffusion Models on Manifoldscited by 700
- 2023Mip-Splatting: Alias-free 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 667
- 2023MotionCtrl: A Unified and Flexible Motion Controller for Video Generationcited by 580
- 2023UniPC: A Unified Predictor-Corrector Framework for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Modelscited by 450
- 2024CAT3D: Create Anything in 3D with Multi-View Diffusion Modelscited by 432
- 2024ViewCrafter: Taming Video Diffusion Models for High-fidelity Novel View Synthesiscited by 403
- 2024UniDepth: Universal Monocular Metric Depth Estimationcited by 382
- 2025GEN3C: 3D-Informed World-Consistent Video Generation with Precise Camera Controlcited by 341
- 2023Follow Your Pose: Pose-Guided Text-to-Video Generation using Pose-Free Videoscited by 314
- 2023Understanding Diffusion Objectives as the ELBO with Simple Data Augmentationcited by 304
- 2024Guiding a Diffusion Model with a Bad Version of Itselfcited by 299
- 2025ReCamMaster: Camera-Controlled Generative Rendering from A Single Videocited by 287
- 2024Navigation World Modelscited by 272
- 2024MegaSaM: Accurate, Fast, and Robust Structure and Motion from Casual Dynamic Videoscited by 228
- 2024DepthCrafter: Generating Consistent Long Depth Sequences for Open-world Videoscited by 204
- 2018Video Object Segmentation with Language Referring Expressionscited by 162
- 2025Difix3D+: Improving 3D Reconstructions with Single-Step Diffusion Modelscited by 161
- 2025WorldScore: A Unified Evaluation Benchmark for World Generationcited by 156
- 2024Generative Camera Dolly: Extreme Monocular Dynamic Novel View Synthesiscited by 117
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 3; 2026: 15.
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- 2026Beyond Inpainting: Unleash 3D Understanding for Precise Camera-Controlled Video Generationcited by 0
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- 2026Free-Lunch Long Video Generation via Layer-Adaptive O.O.D Correction26 Mar 2026
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- 2026Beyond Inpainting: Unleash 3D Understanding for Precise Camera-Controlled Video Generation15 Jan 2026
- 2025Adaptive Stochastic Coefficients for Accelerating Diffusion Sampling27 Oct 2025
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