mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

VLMaterial: Procedural Material Generation with Large Vision-Language Models

arXiv 2501.18623 ↗First posted 27 Jan 2025cs.CV cs.GRcited by 9

On the map: Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models → VLM benchmarks and visual reasoning

Abstract (arXiv)

Procedural materials, represented as functional node graphs, are ubiquitous in computer graphics for photorealistic material appearance design. They allow users to perform intuitive and precise editing to achieve desired visual appearances. However, creating a procedural material given an input image requires professional knowledge and significant effort. In this work, we leverage the ability to convert procedural materials into standard Python programs and fine-tune a large pre-trained vision-language model (VLM) to generate such programs from input images. To enable effective fine-tuning, we also contribute an open-source procedural material dataset and propose to perform program-level augmentation by prompting another pre-trained large language model (LLM). Through extensive evaluation, we show that our method outperforms previous methods on both synthetic and real-world examples.

Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in VLM benchmarks and visual reasoning, one of 16 directions in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models. Builds on 40 of its 67 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 27 Jan 2025.

Builds on

40 of 67 references.

Closest ancestors · 1

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024BlenderAlchemy: Editing 3D Graphics with Vision-Language Models26 Apr

Other references · 39

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  3. 2024The Llama 3 Herd of Modelscited by 14,192
  4. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
  5. 2023LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Modelscited by 13,958
  6. 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 4,362
  7. 2023FlashAttention-2: Faster Attention with Better Parallelism and Work Partitioningcited by 2,551
  8. 2019ZeRO: Memory Optimizations Toward Training Trillion Parameter Modelscited by 1,278
  9. 2015A Neural Algorithm of Artistic Stylecited by 480
  10. 2021DeepCAD: A Deep Generative Network for Computer-Aided Design Modelscited by 266
  11. 2023Holodeck: Language Guided Generation of 3D Embodied AI Environmentscited by 257
  12. 2023Is Self-Repair a Silver Bullet for Code Generation?cited by 191
27 more
  1. 2020DreamCoder: Growing generalizable, interpretable knowledge with wake-sleep Bayesian program learningcited by 159
  2. 2020DeepSVG: A Hierarchical Generative Network for Vector Graphics Animationcited by 158
  3. 2023Infinite Photorealistic Worlds using Procedural Generationcited by 142
  4. 2017Inferring and Executing Programs for Visual Reasoningcited by 130
  5. 2018Single-Image SVBRDF Capture with a Rendering-Aware Deep Networkcited by 116
  6. 2021Im2Vec: Synthesizing Vector Graphics without Vector Supervisioncited by 114
  7. 2017CSGNet: Neural Shape Parser for Constructive Solid Geometrycited by 106
  8. 2019Write, Execute, Assess: Program Synthesis with a REPLcited by 92
  9. 20233D-GPT: Procedural 3D Modeling with Large Language Modelscited by 91
  10. 2023Hierarchical Neural Coding for Controllable CAD Model Generationcited by 84
  11. 2020UCSG-Net -- Unsupervised Discovering of Constructive Solid Geometry Treecited by 77
  12. 2017Learning to Infer Graphics Programs from Hand-Drawn Imagescited by 73
  13. 2019Learning to Infer and Execute 3D Shape Programscited by 68
  14. 2018Materials for Masses: SVBRDF Acquisition with a Single Mobile Phone Imagecited by 66
  15. 2021Point2Cyl: Reverse Engineering 3D Objects from Point Clouds to Extrusion Cylinderscited by 59
  16. 2018Modeling Surface Appearance from a Single Photograph using Self-augmented Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 51
  17. 2021Inferring CAD Modeling Sequences Using Zone Graphscited by 50
  18. 2023ControlMat: A Controlled Generative Approach to Material Capturecited by 50
  19. 2023MatFuse: Controllable Material Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 39
  20. 2021Generative Modelling of BRDF Textures from Flash Imagescited by 35
  21. 2022TileGen: Tileable, Controllable Material Generation and Capturecited by 27
  22. 2024L3GO: Language Agents with Chain-of-3D-Thoughts for Generating Unconventional Objectscited by 26
  23. 2021SurfaceNet: Adversarial SVBRDF Estimation from a Single Imagecited by 25
  24. 2021An Inverse Procedural Modeling Pipeline for SVBRDF Mapscited by 24
  25. 2023Generating Procedural Materials from Text or Image Promptscited by 21
  26. 2023PhotoMat: A Material Generator Learned from Single Flash Photoscited by 18
  27. 2022Node Graph Optimization Using Differentiable Proxiescited by 13

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 4; 2026: 5.

9 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024MaPa: Text-driven Photorealistic Material Painting for 3D Shapes
  2. 2025LL3M: Large Language 3D Modelers
  3. 2024Make-it-Real: Unleashing Large Multimodal Model for Painting 3D Objects with Realistic Materials
  4. 20263DCodeBench: Benchmarking Agentic Procedural 3D Modeling Via Code
  5. 2025MatPedia: A Universal Generative Foundation for High-Fidelity Material Synthesis
  6. 2024MaterialPicker: Multi-Modal DiT-Based Material Generation
  7. 2025ShapeCraft: LLM Agents for Structured, Textured and Interactive 3D Modeling
  8. 2026ViSculpt: Visual-Centric Agentic Geometry Editing