ExtraNeRF: Visibility-Aware View Extrapolation of Neural Radiance Fields with Diffusion Models
On the map: Diffusion models → 3D, point cloud and scene generation
Abstract (arXiv)
We propose ExtraNeRF, a novel method for extrapolating the range of views handled by a Neural Radiance Field (NeRF). Our main idea is to leverage NeRFs to model scene-specific, fine-grained details, while capitalizing on diffusion models to extrapolate beyond our observed data. A key ingredient is to track visibility to determine what portions of the scene have not been observed, and focus on reconstructing those regions consistently with diffusion models. Our primary contributions include a visibility-aware diffusion-based inpainting module that is fine-tuned on the input imagery, yielding an initial NeRF with moderate quality (often blurry) inpainted regions, followed by a second diffusion model trained on the input imagery to consistently enhance, notably sharpen, the inpainted imagery from the first pass. We demonstrate high-quality results, extrapolating beyond a small number of (typically six or fewer) input views, effectively outpainting the NeRF as well as inpainting newly disoccluded regions inside the original viewing volume. We compare with related work both quantitatively and qualitatively and show significant gains over prior art.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 58 of its 73 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Jun 2024.
Builds on
58 of 73 references.
Closest ancestors · 16
Same direction, newest first
- 2023DreamCraft3D: Hierarchical 3D Generation with Bootstrapped Diffusion Prior25 Oct
- 2023Zero123++: a Single Image to Consistent Multi-view Diffusion Base Model23 Oct
- 2023Wonder3D: Single Image to 3D using Cross-Domain Diffusion23 Oct
- 2023MVDream: Multi-view Diffusion for 3D Generation31 Aug
- 2023Magic123: One Image to High-Quality 3D Object Generation Using Both 2D and 3D Diffusion Priors30 Jun
- 2023One-2-3-45: Any Single Image to 3D Mesh in 45 Seconds without Per-Shape Optimization29 Jun
- 2023ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillation25 May
- 2023Generative Novel View Synthesis with 3D-Aware Diffusion Models5 Apr
- 2023Consistent View Synthesis with Pose-Guided Diffusion Models30 Mar
- 2023Make-It-3D: High-Fidelity 3D Creation from A Single Image with Diffusion Prior24 Mar
- 2023DiffusioNeRF: Regularizing Neural Radiance Fields with Denoising Diffusion Models23 Feb
- 2022NeRDi: Single-View NeRF Synthesis with Language-Guided Diffusion as General Image Priors6 Dec
4 more
Other references · 42
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
- 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
- 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
- 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,322
- 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,698
- 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generationcited by 3,286
- 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,231
- 2021Mip-NeRF: A Multiscale Representation for Anti-Aliasing Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 1,957
- 2021Palette: Image-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,296
30 more
- 2018Demystifying MMD GANscited by 1,268
- 2021MUSIQ: Multi-scale Image Quality Transformercited by 1,058
- 2020NeRF++: Analyzing and Improving Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 857
- 2020Neural Scene Flow Fields for Space-Time View Synthesis of Dynamic Scenescited by 750
- 2023Zip-NeRF: Anti-Aliased Grid-Based Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 667
- 2021RegNeRF: Regularizing Neural Radiance Fields for View Synthesis from Sparse Inputscited by 614
- 2020NeRV: Neural Reflectance and Visibility Fields for Relighting and View Synthesiscited by 493
- 2021Putting NeRF on a Diet: Semantically Consistent Few-Shot View Synthesiscited by 464
- 2020NeRD: Neural Reflectance Decomposition from Image Collectionscited by 446
- 2021Dynamic View Synthesis from Dynamic Monocular Videocited by 420
- 2020Space-time Neural Irradiance Fields for Free-Viewpoint Videocited by 414
- 2019SynSin: End-to-end View Synthesis from a Single Imagecited by 364
- 2023FreeNeRF: Improving Few-shot Neural Rendering with Free Frequency Regularizationcited by 310
- 2020Single-View View Synthesis with Multiplane Imagescited by 263
- 2021Deblurring via Stochastic Refinementcited by 248
- 2020Free View Synthesiscited by 231
- 2022DynIBaR: Neural Dynamic Image-Based Renderingcited by 224
- 2022SPARF: Neural Radiance Fields from Sparse and Noisy Posescited by 195
- 2023MiDaS v3.1 -- A Model Zoo for Robust Monocular Relative Depth Estimationcited by 173
- 2022Modeling Indirect Illumination for Inverse Renderingcited by 167
- 2020Stable View Synthesiscited by 165
- 2022SinNeRF: Training Neural Radiance Fields on Complex Scenes from a Single Imagecited by 165
- 2022SPIn-NeRF: Multiview Segmentation and Perceptual Inpainting with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 144
- 2018Layer-structured 3D Scene Inference via View Synthesiscited by 82
- 2021PixelSynth: Generating a 3D-Consistent Experience from a Single Imagecited by 82
- 2020Worldsheet: Wrapping the World in a 3D Sheet for View Synthesis from a Single Imagecited by 77
- 2016Places: An Image Database for Deep Scene Understandingcited by 76
- 2023Reference-guided Controllable Inpainting of Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 40
- 2022Progressive Deblurring of Diffusion Models for Coarse-to-Fine Image Synthesiscited by 34
- 2023Floaters No More: Radiance Field Gradient Scaling for Improved Near-Camera Trainingcited by 25
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 4; 2026: 5.
12 papers.
- 2024Stereo4D: Learning How Things Move in 3D from Internet Stereo Videoscited by 89
- 2025Decompositional Neural Scene Reconstruction with Generative Diffusion Priorcited by 30
- 2024Novel View Extrapolation with Video Diffusion Priorscited by 23
- 2025G4Splat: Geometry-Guided Gaussian Splatting with Generative Priorcited by 10
- 2026SimRecon: SimReady Compositional Scene Reconstruction from Real Videoscited by 9
- 2025ExploreGS: Explorable 3D Scene Reconstruction with Virtual Camera Samplings and Diffusion Priorscited by 6
- 2024SimVS: Simulating World Inconsistencies for Robust View Synthesiscited by 5
- 2026Uncertainty-driven 3D Gaussian Splatting Active Mapping via Anisotropic Visibility Fieldcited by 4
- 2025Fillerbuster: Unified Generative Scene Completion Model for Casual Capturescited by 2
- 2026ReplicateAnyScene: Zero-Shot Video-to-3D Composition via Textual-Visual-Spatial Alignmentcited by 1
- 2026ExtraGS: Enhancing Endoscopic View Extrapolation via Diffusion-Guided 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
- 2026Mirror Learningcited by 0
- 2026Mirror Learning30 Jul 2026
- 2026ExtraGS: Enhancing Endoscopic View Extrapolation via Diffusion-Guided 3D Gaussian Splatting14 Jul 2026
- 2026Uncertainty-driven 3D Gaussian Splatting Active Mapping via Anisotropic Visibility Field28 May 2026
- 2026ReplicateAnyScene: Zero-Shot Video-to-3D Composition via Textual-Visual-Spatial Alignment12 Apr 2026
- 2026SimRecon: SimReady Compositional Scene Reconstruction from Real Videos2 Mar 2026
- 2025G4Splat: Geometry-Guided Gaussian Splatting with Generative Prior14 Oct 2025
- 2025ExploreGS: Explorable 3D Scene Reconstruction with Virtual Camera Samplings and Diffusion Priors8 Aug 2025
- 2025Decompositional Neural Scene Reconstruction with Generative Diffusion Prior19 Mar 2025
- 2025Fillerbuster: Unified Generative Scene Completion Model for Casual Captures7 Feb 2025
- 2024Stereo4D: Learning How Things Move in 3D from Internet Stereo Videos12 Dec 2024
- 2024SimVS: Simulating World Inconsistencies for Robust View Synthesis10 Dec 2024
- 2024Novel View Extrapolation with Video Diffusion Priors21 Nov 2024
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2024InterNeRF: Scaling Radiance Fields via Parameter Interpolation
- 2022DiffDreamer: Towards Consistent Unsupervised Single-view Scene Extrapolation with Conditional Diffusion Models
- 2024Taming Latent Diffusion Model for Neural Radiance Field Inpainting
- 2023Single-Stage Diffusion NeRF: A Unified Approach to 3D Generation and Reconstruction
- 2024ID-NeRF: Indirect Diffusion-guided Neural Radiance Fields for Generalizable View Synthesis
- 2024SIGNeRF: Scene Integrated Generation for Neural Radiance Fields
- 2024Drantal-NeRF: Diffusion-Based Restoration for Anti-aliasing Neural Radiance Field
- 2023NerfDiff: Single-image View Synthesis with NeRF-guided Distillation from 3D-aware Diffusion