Worldsheet: Wrapping the World in a 3D Sheet for View Synthesis from a Single Image
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Abstract (arXiv)
We present Worldsheet, a method for novel view synthesis using just a single RGB image as input. The main insight is that simply shrink-wrapping a planar mesh sheet onto the input image, consistent with the learned intermediate depth, captures underlying geometry sufficient to generate photorealistic unseen views with large viewpoint changes. To operationalize this, we propose a novel differentiable texture sampler that allows our wrapped mesh sheet to be textured and rendered differentiably into an image from a target viewpoint. Our approach is category-agnostic, end-to-end trainable without using any 3D supervision, and requires a single image at test time. We also explore a simple extension by stacking multiple layers of Worldsheets to better handle occlusions. Worldsheet consistently outperforms prior state-of-the-art methods on single-image view synthesis across several datasets. Furthermore, this simple idea captures novel views surprisingly well on a wide range of high-resolution in-the-wild images, converting them into navigable 3D pop-ups. Video results and code are available at https://worldsheet.github.io.
Key facts. Cited by 77 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 17 Dec 2020.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 8; 2022: 19; 2023: 18; 2024: 16; 2025: 13; 2026: 3.
77 papers.
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- 2021Depth-supervised NeRF: Fewer Views and Faster Training for Freecited by 732
- 2021BARF: Bundle-Adjusting Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 641
- 2021Putting NeRF on a Diet: Semantically Consistent Few-Shot View Synthesiscited by 464
- 2024WonderWorld: Interactive 3D Scene Generation from a Single Imagecited by 197
- 2023COLMAP-Free 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 193
- 2023SceneScape: Text-Driven Consistent Scene Generationcited by 160
- 2023Text2NeRF: Text-Driven 3D Scene Generation with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 122
- 2022Generalizable Patch-Based Neural Renderingcited by 121
- 2021Geometry-Free View Synthesis: Transformers and no 3D Priorscited by 99
- 2025HunyuanWorld 1.0: Generating Immersive, Explorable, and Interactive 3D Worlds from Words or Pixelscited by 91
- 2021PixelSynth: Generating a 3D-Consistent Experience from a Single Imagecited by 82
- 2022InfiniteNature-Zero: Learning Perpetual View Generation of Natural Scenes from Single Imagescited by 82
38 more
- 2024Fully Explicit Dynamic Gaussian Splattingcited by 75
- 2024Advances in 3D Generation: A Surveycited by 62
- 2022Single-View View Synthesis in the Wild with Learned Adaptive Multiplane Imagescited by 59
- 2022Look Outside the Room: Synthesizing A Consistent Long-Term 3D Scene Video from A Single Imagecited by 55
- 2024LayerPano3D: Layered 3D Panorama for Hyper-Immersive Scene Generationcited by 53
- 20213D Photo Stylization: Learning to Generate Stylized Novel Views from a Single Imagecited by 45
- 2023Persistent Nature: A Generative Model of Unbounded 3D Worldscited by 44
- 2023Neural Volumetric Memory for Visual Locomotion Controlcited by 40
- 2024Textured Gaussians for Enhanced 3D Scene Appearance Modelingcited by 40
- 2022FWD: Real-time Novel View Synthesis with Forward Warping and Depthcited by 39
- 2025Lyra: Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction via Video Diffusion Model Self-Distillationcited by 37
- 2021Video Autoencoder: self-supervised disentanglement of static 3D structure and motioncited by 34
- 2022Simple and Effective Synthesis of Indoor 3D Scenescited by 33
- 2024Video2Game: Real-time, Interactive, Realistic and Browser-Compatible Environment from a Single Videocited by 26
- 20243DitScene: Editing Any Scene via Language-guided Disentangled Gaussian Splattingcited by 25
- 2024StereoDiffusion: Training-Free Stereo Image Generation Using Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 24
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Surveycited by 24
- 2022NeurMiPs: Neural Mixture of Planar Experts for View Synthesiscited by 23
- 20224K-NeRF: High Fidelity Neural Radiance Fields at Ultra High Resolutionscited by 23
- 2024Invisible Stitch: Generating Smooth 3D Scenes with Depth Inpaintingcited by 23
- 2025LongSplat: Robust Unposed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Casual Long Videoscited by 23
- 2023Fast View Synthesis of Casual Videos with Soup-of-Planescited by 22
- 2025CamCtrl3D: Single-Image Scene Exploration with Precise 3D Camera Controlcited by 21
- 2023iNVS: Repurposing Diffusion Inpainters for Novel View Synthesiscited by 20
- 2024FrugalNeRF: Fast Convergence for Extreme Few-shot Novel View Synthesis without Learned Priorscited by 18
- 2023VGOS: Voxel Grid Optimization for View Synthesis from Sparse Inputscited by 16
- 2024Quark: Real-time, High-resolution, and General Neural View Synthesiscited by 16
- 2022SIMBAR: Single Image-Based Scene Relighting For Effective Data Augmentation For Automated Driving Vision Taskscited by 15
- 2023Tiled Multiplane Images for Practical 3D Photographycited by 14
- 2023Towards Viewpoint Robustness in Bird's Eye View Segmentationcited by 13
- 2023Structural Multiplane Image: Bridging Neural View Synthesis and 3D Reconstructioncited by 12
- 2024ExtraNeRF: Visibility-Aware View Extrapolation of Neural Radiance Fields with Diffusion Modelscited by 12
- 2022Stereo Magnification with Multi-Layer Imagescited by 11
- 2022Bridging Implicit and Explicit Geometric Transformation for Single-Image View Synthesiscited by 11
- 2024Self-Evolving Depth-Supervised 3D Gaussian Splatting from Rendered Stereo Pairscited by 11
- 2022Beyond RGB: Scene-Property Synthesis with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 10
- 2022Learning Generalizable Light Field Networks from Few Imagescited by 10
- 2022PANeRF: Pseudo-view Augmentation for Improved Neural Radiance Fields Based on Few-shot Inputscited by 10
50 most cited of 77 All 77 (JSON)
- 2026Audible World Models: Spatially Aware Sound Generation for 3D Worlds29 Sep 2026
- 2026InfiniSplat: Implicit Gaussian Decoding for Large-Baseline Monocular View Synthesis3 Aug 2026
- 2026One View Is Enough: In-the-Wild Monocular Pretraining for Novel View Generation24 Mar 2026
- 2025Captain Safari: A World Engine with Pose-Aligned 3D Memory28 Nov 2025
- 2025NoPe-NeRF++: Local-to-Global Optimization of NeRF with No Pose Prior21 Nov 2025
- 2025Inverse Image-Based Rendering for Light Field Generation from Single Images23 Oct 2025
- 2025NeoWorld: Neural Simulation of Explorable Virtual Worlds via Progressive 3D Unfolding29 Sep 2025
- 2025Lyra: Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction via Video Diffusion Model Self-Distillation23 Sep 2025
- 2025LongSplat: Robust Unposed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Casual Long Videos19 Aug 2025
- 2025HunyuanWorld 1.0: Generating Immersive, Explorable, and Interactive 3D Worlds from Words or Pixels29 Jul 2025
- 2025Voyaging into Perpetual Dynamic Scenes from a Single View5 Jul 2025
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Survey8 May 2025
38 more
- 2025TrackGS: Optimizing COLMAP-Free 3D Gaussian Splatting with Global Track Constraints27 Feb 2025
- 2025NPSim: Nighttime Photorealistic Simulation From Daytime Images With Monocular Inverse Rendering and Ray Tracing15 Feb 2025
- 2025CamCtrl3D: Single-Image Scene Exploration with Precise 3D Camera Control10 Jan 2025
- 2025Materialist: Physically Based Editing Using Single-Image Inverse Rendering7 Jan 2025
- 2024Textured Gaussians for Enhanced 3D Scene Appearance Modeling27 Nov 2024
- 2024Quark: Real-time, High-resolution, and General Neural View Synthesis25 Nov 2024
- 2024FrugalNeRF: Fast Convergence for Extreme Few-shot Novel View Synthesis without Learned Priors21 Oct 2024
- 2024Fully Explicit Dynamic Gaussian Splatting21 Oct 2024
- 2024Self-Evolving Depth-Supervised 3D Gaussian Splatting from Rendered Stereo Pairs11 Sep 2024
- 2024LayerPano3D: Layered 3D Panorama for Hyper-Immersive Scene Generation23 Aug 2024
- 2024Correspondence-Guided SfM-Free 3D Gaussian Splatting for NVS16 Aug 2024
- 2024Mipmap-GS: Let Gaussians Deform with Scale-specific Mipmap for Anti-aliasing Rendering12 Aug 2024
- 2024Scene123: One Prompt to 3D Scene Generation via Video-Assisted and Consistency-Enhanced MAE10 Aug 2024
- 2024WonderWorld: Interactive 3D Scene Generation from a Single Image13 Jun 2024
- 2024ExtraNeRF: Visibility-Aware View Extrapolation of Neural Radiance Fields with Diffusion Models10 Jun 2024
- 20243DitScene: Editing Any Scene via Language-guided Disentangled Gaussian Splatting28 May 2024
- 2024Invisible Stitch: Generating Smooth 3D Scenes with Depth Inpainting30 Apr 2024
- 2024Video2Game: Real-time, Interactive, Realistic and Browser-Compatible Environment from a Single Video15 Apr 2024
- 2024StereoDiffusion: Training-Free Stereo Image Generation Using Latent Diffusion Models8 Mar 2024
- 2024Advances in 3D Generation: A Survey31 Jan 2024
- 2023Global Latent Neural Rendering13 Dec 2023
- 2023COLMAP-Free 3D Gaussian Splatting12 Dec 2023
- 2023Fast View Synthesis of Casual Videos with Soup-of-Planes4 Dec 2023
- 2023iNVS: Repurposing Diffusion Inpainters for Novel View Synthesis24 Oct 2023
- 2023Multi-task View Synthesis with Neural Radiance Fields29 Sep 2023
- 2023Tiled Multiplane Images for Practical 3D Photography25 Sep 2023
- 2023Towards Viewpoint Robustness in Bird's Eye View Segmentation11 Sep 2023
- 2023Depth self-supervision for single image novel view synthesis27 Aug 2023
- 2023Text2NeRF: Text-Driven 3D Scene Generation with Neural Radiance Fields19 May 2023
- 2023VGOS: Voxel Grid Optimization for View Synthesis from Sparse Inputs26 Apr 2023
- 2023Neural Volumetric Memory for Visual Locomotion Control3 Apr 2023
- 2023Efficient View Synthesis and 3D-based Multi-Frame Denoising with Multiplane Feature Representations31 Mar 2023
- 2023Persistent Nature: A Generative Model of Unbounded 3D Worlds23 Mar 2023
- 2023Single-view Neural Radiance Fields with Depth Teacher17 Mar 2023
- 2023Structural Multiplane Image: Bridging Neural View Synthesis and 3D Reconstruction10 Mar 2023
- 2023Learning 3D Photography Videos via Self-supervised Diffusion on Single Images21 Feb 2023
- 2023Painting 3D Nature in 2D: View Synthesis of Natural Scenes from a Single Semantic Mask14 Feb 2023
- 2023SceneScape: Text-Driven Consistent Scene Generation2 Feb 2023
50 newest of 77 All 77 (JSON)
- 2023Text2NeRF: Text-Driven 3D Scene Generation with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 122
- 2025Lyra: Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction via Video Diffusion Model Self-Distillationcited by 37
- 2024StereoDiffusion: Training-Free Stereo Image Generation Using Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 24
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Surveycited by 24
- 2024Invisible Stitch: Generating Smooth 3D Scenes with Depth Inpaintingcited by 23
- 2024ExtraNeRF: Visibility-Aware View Extrapolation of Neural Radiance Fields with Diffusion Modelscited by 12
- 2025Lyra: Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction via Video Diffusion Model Self-Distillation23 Sep 2025
- 20253D Scene Generation: A Survey8 May 2025
- 2024ExtraNeRF: Visibility-Aware View Extrapolation of Neural Radiance Fields with Diffusion Models10 Jun 2024
- 2024Invisible Stitch: Generating Smooth 3D Scenes with Depth Inpainting30 Apr 2024
- 2024StereoDiffusion: Training-Free Stereo Image Generation Using Latent Diffusion Models8 Mar 2024
- 2023Text2NeRF: Text-Driven 3D Scene Generation with Neural Radiance Fields19 May 2023
- 2021Depth-supervised NeRF: Fewer Views and Faster Training for Freecited by 732
- 2021BARF: Bundle-Adjusting Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 641
- 2021Putting NeRF on a Diet: Semantically Consistent Few-Shot View Synthesiscited by 464
- 2024WonderWorld: Interactive 3D Scene Generation from a Single Imagecited by 197
- 2023COLMAP-Free 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 193
- 2023SceneScape: Text-Driven Consistent Scene Generationcited by 160
- 2022Generalizable Patch-Based Neural Renderingcited by 121
- 2021Geometry-Free View Synthesis: Transformers and no 3D Priorscited by 99
- 2025HunyuanWorld 1.0: Generating Immersive, Explorable, and Interactive 3D Worlds from Words or Pixelscited by 91
- 2021PixelSynth: Generating a 3D-Consistent Experience from a Single Imagecited by 82
- 2022InfiniteNature-Zero: Learning Perpetual View Generation of Natural Scenes from Single Imagescited by 82
- 2024Fully Explicit Dynamic Gaussian Splattingcited by 75
12 most cited of 69 All 69 (JSON)
- 2026InfiniSplat: Implicit Gaussian Decoding for Large-Baseline Monocular View Synthesis3 Aug 2026
- 2026One View Is Enough: In-the-Wild Monocular Pretraining for Novel View Generation24 Mar 2026
- 2025Captain Safari: A World Engine with Pose-Aligned 3D Memory28 Nov 2025
- 2025NoPe-NeRF++: Local-to-Global Optimization of NeRF with No Pose Prior21 Nov 2025
- 2025Inverse Image-Based Rendering for Light Field Generation from Single Images23 Oct 2025
- 2025NeoWorld: Neural Simulation of Explorable Virtual Worlds via Progressive 3D Unfolding29 Sep 2025
- 2025LongSplat: Robust Unposed 3D Gaussian Splatting for Casual Long Videos19 Aug 2025
- 2025HunyuanWorld 1.0: Generating Immersive, Explorable, and Interactive 3D Worlds from Words or Pixels29 Jul 2025
- 2025Voyaging into Perpetual Dynamic Scenes from a Single View5 Jul 2025
- 2025TrackGS: Optimizing COLMAP-Free 3D Gaussian Splatting with Global Track Constraints27 Feb 2025
- 2025NPSim: Nighttime Photorealistic Simulation From Daytime Images With Monocular Inverse Rendering and Ray Tracing15 Feb 2025
- 2025CamCtrl3D: Single-Image Scene Exploration with Precise 3D Camera Control10 Jan 2025
12 newest of 69 All 69 (JSON)