mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

FitDiff: Robust monocular 3D facial shape and reflectance estimation using Diffusion Models

arXiv 2312.04465 ↗First posted 7 Dec 2023cs.CVcited by 5

On the map: Diffusion models → 3D, point cloud and scene generation

Abstract (arXiv)

The remarkable progress in 3D face reconstruction has resulted in high-detail and photorealistic facial representations. Recently, Diffusion Models have revolutionized the capabilities of generative methods by surpassing the performance of GANs. In this work, we present FitDiff, a diffusion-based 3D facial avatar generative model. Leveraging diffusion principles, our model accurately generates relightable facial avatars, utilizing an identity embedding extracted from an "in-the-wild" 2D facial image. The introduced multi-modal diffusion model is the first to concurrently output facial reflectance maps (diffuse and specular albedo and normals) and shapes, showcasing great generalization capabilities. It is solely trained on an annotated subset of a public facial dataset, paired with 3D reconstructions. We revisit the typical 3D facial fitting approach by guiding a reverse diffusion process using perceptual and face recognition losses. Being the first 3D LDM conditioned on face recognition embeddings, FitDiff reconstructs relightable human avatars, that can be used as-is in common rendering engines, starting only from an unconstrained facial image, and achieving state-of-the-art performance.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 84 of its 117 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Dec 2023.

Builds on

84 of 117 references.

Closest ancestors · 6

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Relightify: Relightable 3D Faces from a Single Image via Diffusion Models10 May
  2. 2022Rodin: A Generative Model for Sculpting 3D Digital Avatars Using Diffusion12 Dec
  3. 2022Magic3D: High-Resolution Text-to-3D Content Creation18 Nov
  4. 2022LION: Latent Point Diffusion Models for 3D Shape Generation12 Oct
  5. 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusion29 Sep
  6. 2021A Conditional Point Diffusion-Refinement Paradigm for 3D Point Cloud Completion7 Dec

Other references · 78

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  3. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
  4. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,604
  5. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  6. 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
  7. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
  8. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
  9. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
  10. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
  11. 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,986
  12. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
38 more
  1. 2021Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generationcited by 4,276
  2. 2019Generative Modeling by Estimating Gradients of the Data Distributioncited by 4,067
  3. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Modelscited by 3,595
  4. 2019Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGANcited by 3,580
  5. 2020Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 3,229
  6. 2017Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variationcited by 2,967
  7. 2016Improved Techniques for Training GANscited by 2,938
  8. 2015FaceNet: A Unified Embedding for Face Recognition and Clusteringcited by 2,833
  9. 2019DeepSDF: Learning Continuous Signed Distance Functions for Shape Representationcited by 2,682
  10. 2023Align your Latents: High-Resolution Video Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 1,465
  11. 2019Semantic Image Synthesis with Spatially-Adaptive Normalizationcited by 1,295
  12. 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,204
  13. 2020Training Generative Adversarial Networks with Limited Datacited by 1,184
  14. 2020Improved Techniques for Training Score-Based Generative Modelscited by 1,036
  15. 2022Tune-A-Video: One-Shot Tuning of Image Diffusion Models for Text-to-Video Generationcited by 958
  16. 2020Accelerating 3D Deep Learning with PyTorch3Dcited by 781
  17. 2021DiffusionCLIP: Text-Guided Diffusion Models for Robust Image Manipulationcited by 640
  18. 2021Score-based Generative Modeling in Latent Spacecited by 634
  19. 2023AudioLDM: Text-to-Audio Generation with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 592
  20. 2017How far are we from solving the 2D & 3D Face Alignment problem? (and a dataset of 230,000 3D facial landmarks)cited by 524
  21. 20213D Shape Generation and Completion through Point-Voxel Diffusioncited by 516
  22. 2020Learning an Animatable Detailed 3D Face Model from In-The-Wild Imagescited by 475
  23. 2021Pivotal Tuning for Latent-based Editing of Real Imagescited by 427
  24. 2021StyleSDF: High-Resolution 3D-Consistent Image and Geometry Generationcited by 289
  25. 2018Generating 3D faces using Convolutional Mesh Autoencoderscited by 267
  26. 2022Brain Imaging Generation with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 267
  27. 2021HeadNeRF: A Real-time NeRF-based Parametric Head Modelcited by 228
  28. 2023MeshDiffusion: Score-based Generative 3D Mesh Modelingcited by 198
  29. 2020FaceScape: a Large-scale High Quality 3D Face Dataset and Detailed Riggable 3D Face Predictioncited by 196
  30. 2019Learning to Regress 3D Face Shape and Expression from an Image without 3D Supervisioncited by 176
  31. 2022Towards Metrical Reconstruction of Human Facescited by 165
  32. 2018Deep Appearance Models for Face Renderingcited by 164
  33. 2019GANFIT: Generative Adversarial Network Fitting for High Fidelity 3D Face Reconstructioncited by 150
  34. 2022RigNeRF: Fully Controllable Neural 3D Portraitscited by 126
  35. 2016Learning in Implicit Generative Modelscited by 124
  36. 2016Regressing Robust and Discriminative 3D Morphable Models with a very Deep Neural Networkcited by 109
  37. 2020i3DMM: Deep Implicit 3D Morphable Model of Human Headscited by 109
  38. 2018Unsupervised Training for 3D Morphable Model Regressioncited by 99

50 most cited of 78 All 78 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 0; 2025: 3; 2026: 1.

5 papers.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026GeoDiff4D: Geometry-Aware Diffusion for 4D Head Avatar Reconstruction
  2. 2024Human-3Diffusion: Realistic Avatar Creation via Explicit 3D Consistent Diffusion Models
  3. 2024Morphable Diffusion: 3D-Consistent Diffusion for Single-image Avatar Creation
  4. 2024DiffHuman: Probabilistic Photorealistic 3D Reconstruction of Humans
  5. 2024AnimateMe: 4D Facial Expressions via Diffusion Models
  6. 2025AvatarTex: High-Fidelity Facial Texture Reconstruction from Single-Image Stylized Avatars
  7. 2026ViDS: Video Diffusion Shader using 3D Face Tracking
  8. 2026GenLCA: 3D Diffusion for Full-Body Avatars from In-the-Wild Videos