WorldExplorer: Towards Generating Fully Navigable 3D Scenes
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Abstract (arXiv)
Generating 3D worlds from text is a highly anticipated goal in computer vision. Existing works are limited by the degree of exploration they allow inside of a scene, i.e., produce streched-out and noisy artifacts when moving beyond central or panoramic perspectives. To this end, we propose WorldExplorer, a novel method based on autoregressive video trajectory generation, which builds fully navigable 3D scenes with consistent visual quality across a wide range of viewpoints. We initialize our scenes by creating multi-view consistent images corresponding to a 360 degree panorama. Then, we expand it by leveraging video diffusion models in an iterative scene generation pipeline. Concretely, we generate multiple videos along short, pre-defined trajectories, that explore the scene in depth, including motion around objects. Our novel scene memory conditions each video on the most relevant prior views, while a collision-detection mechanism prevents degenerate results, like moving into objects. Finally, we fuse all generated views into a unified 3D representation via 3D Gaussian Splatting optimization. Compared to prior approaches, WorldExplorer produces high-quality scenes that remain stable under large camera motion, enabling for the first time realistic and unrestricted exploration. We believe this marks a significant step toward generating immersive and truly explorable virtual 3D environments.
Key facts. Cited by 26 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 45 of its 69 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Jun 2025.
Builds on
45 of 69 references.
References · 45
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33 more
- 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructionscited by 2,591
- 2023Stable Video Diffusion: Scaling Latent Video Diffusion Models to Large Datasetscited by 2,526
- 2024Depth Anything V2cited by 1,385
- 2023T2I-Adapter: Learning Adapters to Dig out More Controllable Ability for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,339
- 2021Palette: Image-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,296
- 2023ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillationcited by 1,207
- 2020Accelerating 3D Deep Learning with PyTorch3Dcited by 781
- 2024CAT3D: Create Anything in 3D with Multi-View Diffusion Modelscited by 425
- 2019SynSin: End-to-end View Synthesis from a Single Imagecited by 364
- 2024SANA: Efficient High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Linear Diffusion Transformerscited by 331
- 2025GEN3C: 3D-Informed World-Consistent Video Generation with Precise Camera Controlcited by 325
- 2020Infinite Nature: Perpetual View Generation of Natural Scenes from a Single Imagecited by 239
- 2025Video Depth Anything: Consistent Depth Estimation for Super-Long Videoscited by 202
- 2024WonderWorld: Interactive 3D Scene Generation from a Single Imagecited by 197
- 2025Stable Virtual Camera: Generative View Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 179
- 2024VD3D: Taming Large Video Diffusion Transformers for 3D Camera Controlcited by 156
- 2024AC3D: Analyzing and Improving 3D Camera Control in Video Diffusion Transformerscited by 151
- 2024ReconX: Reconstruct Any Scene from Sparse Views with Video Diffusion Modelcited by 139
- 2024DimensionX: Create Any 3D and 4D Scenes from a Single Image with Controllable Video Diffusioncited by 139
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- 2024DreamScene: 3D Gaussian-based Text-to-3D Scene Generation via Formation Pattern Samplingcited by 72
- 2025Bolt3D: Generating 3D Scenes in Secondscited by 57
- 2023ControlRoom3D: Room Generation using Semantic Proxy Roomscited by 54
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- 2025FlexWorld: Progressively Expanding 3D Scenes for Flexiable-View Synthesiscited by 37
- 2024SceneDreamer360: Text-Driven 3D-Consistent Scene Generation with Panoramic Gaussian Splattingcited by 24
- 2024Novel View Extrapolation with Video Diffusion Priorscited by 23
- 2025IntrinsiX: High-Quality PBR Generation using Image Priorscited by 18
- 2025A Recipe for Generating 3D Worlds From a Single Imagecited by 13
- 2025Scene Splatter: Momentum 3D Scene Generation from Single Image with Video Diffusion Modelcited by 13
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 6; 2026: 20.
26 papers.
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- 2025Lyra: Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction via Video Diffusion Model Self-Distillationcited by 37
- 2026Lyra 2.0: Explorable Generative 3D Worldscited by 36
- 2026HY-World 2.0: A Multi-Modal World Model for Reconstructing, Generating, and Simulating 3D Worldscited by 34
- 2025FantasyWorld: Geometry-Consistent World Modeling via Unified Video and 3D Predictioncited by 33
- 2026VerseCrafter: Dynamic Realistic Video World Model with 4D Geometric Controlcited by 26
- 2026WorldStereo: Bridging Camera-Guided Video Generation and Scene Reconstruction via 3D Geometric Memoriescited by 15
- 2026ReRoPE: Repurposing RoPE for Relative Camera Controlcited by 12
- 2026Grounding World Simulation Models in a Real-World Metropoliscited by 10
- 2026Plenoptic Video Generationcited by 9
- 2026Code World Model: Coding Agent as World Braincited by 9
- 2026World Reconstruction From Inconsistent Viewscited by 8
- 2025I-Scene: 3D Instance Models are Implicit Generalizable Spatial Learnerscited by 6
14 more
- 2026WorldClaw: Agentic 3D Open-World Generation at Scalecited by 6
- 2025GS-Scale: Unlocking Large-Scale 3D Gaussian Splatting Training via Host Offloadingcited by 5
- 2025Captain Safari: A World Engine with Pose-Aligned 3D Memorycited by 5
- 2025Generative View Stitchingcited by 4
- 2026GaussianGPT: Towards Autoregressive 3D Gaussian Scene Generationcited by 4
- 2026SonoWorld: From One Image to a 3D Audio-Visual Scenecited by 3
- 2026MoVerse: Real-Time Video World Modeling with Panoramic Gaussian Scaffoldcited by 3
- 2026WorldAgents: Can Foundation Image Models be Agents for 3D World Models?cited by 2
- 2026WorldMesh: Generating Navigable Multi-Room 3D Scenes via Mesh-Conditioned Image Diffusioncited by 2
- 2026McCast: Memory-Guided Latent Drift Correction for Long-Horizon Precipitation Nowcastingcited by 2
- 2026Towards 3D-Aware Video Diffusion Models: Render-Free Human Motion Control with Mesh Tokenizationcited by 1
- 2026Scene Generation at Absolute Scale: Utilizing Semantic and Geometric Guidance From Text for Accurate and Interpretable 3D Indoor Scene Generationcited by 0
- 2026Stepper: Stepwise Immersive Scene Generation with Multiview Panoramascited by 0
- 2026Text2Sim: Agentic Physics-Based Simulation Generation with Distilled Expertisecited by 0
- 2026Text2Sim: Agentic Physics-Based Simulation Generation with Distilled Expertise29 Sep 2026
- 2026Code World Model: Coding Agent as World Brain26 Aug 2026
- 2026WorldClaw: Agentic 3D Open-World Generation at Scale5 Aug 2026
- 2026MoVerse: Real-Time Video World Modeling with Panoramic Gaussian Scaffold11 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards 3D-Aware Video Diffusion Models: Render-Free Human Motion Control with Mesh Tokenization1 Jun 2026
- 2026McCast: Memory-Guided Latent Drift Correction for Long-Horizon Precipitation Nowcasting13 May 2026
- 2026HY-World 2.0: A Multi-Modal World Model for Reconstructing, Generating, and Simulating 3D Worlds15 Apr 2026
- 2026Lyra 2.0: Explorable Generative 3D Worlds14 Apr 2026
- 2026Stepper: Stepwise Immersive Scene Generation with Multiview Panoramas30 Mar 2026
- 2026SonoWorld: From One Image to a 3D Audio-Visual Scene30 Mar 2026
- 2026GaussianGPT: Towards Autoregressive 3D Gaussian Scene Generation27 Mar 2026
- 2026WorldMesh: Generating Navigable Multi-Room 3D Scenes via Mesh-Conditioned Image Diffusion24 Mar 2026
14 more
- 2026WorldAgents: Can Foundation Image Models be Agents for 3D World Models?20 Mar 2026
- 2026World Reconstruction From Inconsistent Views17 Mar 2026
- 2026Grounding World Simulation Models in a Real-World Metropolis16 Mar 2026
- 2026Scene Generation at Absolute Scale: Utilizing Semantic and Geometric Guidance From Text for Accurate and Interpretable 3D Indoor Scene Generation14 Mar 2026
- 2026WorldStereo: Bridging Camera-Guided Video Generation and Scene Reconstruction via 3D Geometric Memories2 Mar 2026
- 2026ReRoPE: Repurposing RoPE for Relative Camera Control8 Feb 2026
- 2026Plenoptic Video Generation8 Jan 2026
- 2026VerseCrafter: Dynamic Realistic Video World Model with 4D Geometric Control8 Jan 2026
- 2025I-Scene: 3D Instance Models are Implicit Generalizable Spatial Learners15 Dec 2025
- 2025Captain Safari: A World Engine with Pose-Aligned 3D Memory28 Nov 2025
- 2025Generative View Stitching28 Oct 2025
- 2025FantasyWorld: Geometry-Consistent World Modeling via Unified Video and 3D Prediction25 Sep 2025
- 2025Lyra: Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction via Video Diffusion Model Self-Distillation23 Sep 2025
- 2025GS-Scale: Unlocking Large-Scale 3D Gaussian Splatting Training via Host Offloading19 Sep 2025
- 2025Lyra: Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction via Video Diffusion Model Self-Distillationcited by 37
- 2026WorldStereo: Bridging Camera-Guided Video Generation and Scene Reconstruction via 3D Geometric Memoriescited by 15
- 2026ReRoPE: Repurposing RoPE for Relative Camera Controlcited by 12
- 2026World Reconstruction From Inconsistent Viewscited by 8
- 2025Generative View Stitchingcited by 4
- 2026GaussianGPT: Towards Autoregressive 3D Gaussian Scene Generationcited by 4
- 2026Towards 3D-Aware Video Diffusion Models: Render-Free Human Motion Control with Mesh Tokenizationcited by 1
- 2026Scene Generation at Absolute Scale: Utilizing Semantic and Geometric Guidance From Text for Accurate and Interpretable 3D Indoor Scene Generationcited by 0
- 2026Towards 3D-Aware Video Diffusion Models: Render-Free Human Motion Control with Mesh Tokenization1 Jun 2026
- 2026GaussianGPT: Towards Autoregressive 3D Gaussian Scene Generation27 Mar 2026
- 2026World Reconstruction From Inconsistent Views17 Mar 2026
- 2026Scene Generation at Absolute Scale: Utilizing Semantic and Geometric Guidance From Text for Accurate and Interpretable 3D Indoor Scene Generation14 Mar 2026
- 2026WorldStereo: Bridging Camera-Guided Video Generation and Scene Reconstruction via 3D Geometric Memories2 Mar 2026
- 2026ReRoPE: Repurposing RoPE for Relative Camera Control8 Feb 2026
- 2025Generative View Stitching28 Oct 2025
- 2025Lyra: Generative 3D Scene Reconstruction via Video Diffusion Model Self-Distillation23 Sep 2025
- 2026HY-World 2.0: A Multi-Modal World Model for Reconstructing, Generating, and Simulating 3D Worldscited by 34
- 2025FantasyWorld: Geometry-Consistent World Modeling via Unified Video and 3D Predictioncited by 33
- 2026VerseCrafter: Dynamic Realistic Video World Model with 4D Geometric Controlcited by 26
- 2026Grounding World Simulation Models in a Real-World Metropoliscited by 10
- 2026Code World Model: Coding Agent as World Braincited by 9
- 2026MoVerse: Real-Time Video World Modeling with Panoramic Gaussian Scaffoldcited by 3
- 2026WorldAgents: Can Foundation Image Models be Agents for 3D World Models?cited by 2
- 2026Stepper: Stepwise Immersive Scene Generation with Multiview Panoramascited by 0
- 2026Code World Model: Coding Agent as World Brain26 Aug 2026
- 2026MoVerse: Real-Time Video World Modeling with Panoramic Gaussian Scaffold11 Jun 2026
- 2026HY-World 2.0: A Multi-Modal World Model for Reconstructing, Generating, and Simulating 3D Worlds15 Apr 2026
- 2026Stepper: Stepwise Immersive Scene Generation with Multiview Panoramas30 Mar 2026
- 2026WorldAgents: Can Foundation Image Models be Agents for 3D World Models?20 Mar 2026
- 2026Grounding World Simulation Models in a Real-World Metropolis16 Mar 2026
- 2026VerseCrafter: Dynamic Realistic Video World Model with 4D Geometric Control8 Jan 2026
- 2025FantasyWorld: Geometry-Consistent World Modeling via Unified Video and 3D Prediction25 Sep 2025
- 2026Lyra 2.0: Explorable Generative 3D Worldscited by 36
- 2026Plenoptic Video Generationcited by 9
- 2025I-Scene: 3D Instance Models are Implicit Generalizable Spatial Learnerscited by 6
- 2025GS-Scale: Unlocking Large-Scale 3D Gaussian Splatting Training via Host Offloadingcited by 5
- 2025Captain Safari: A World Engine with Pose-Aligned 3D Memorycited by 5
- 2026SonoWorld: From One Image to a 3D Audio-Visual Scenecited by 3
- 2026WorldMesh: Generating Navigable Multi-Room 3D Scenes via Mesh-Conditioned Image Diffusioncited by 2
- 2026McCast: Memory-Guided Latent Drift Correction for Long-Horizon Precipitation Nowcastingcited by 2
- 2026McCast: Memory-Guided Latent Drift Correction for Long-Horizon Precipitation Nowcasting13 May 2026
- 2026Lyra 2.0: Explorable Generative 3D Worlds14 Apr 2026
- 2026SonoWorld: From One Image to a 3D Audio-Visual Scene30 Mar 2026
- 2026WorldMesh: Generating Navigable Multi-Room 3D Scenes via Mesh-Conditioned Image Diffusion24 Mar 2026
- 2026Plenoptic Video Generation8 Jan 2026
- 2025I-Scene: 3D Instance Models are Implicit Generalizable Spatial Learners15 Dec 2025
- 2025Captain Safari: A World Engine with Pose-Aligned 3D Memory28 Nov 2025
- 2025GS-Scale: Unlocking Large-Scale 3D Gaussian Splatting Training via Host Offloading19 Sep 2025
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026ABot-3DWorld 0: A Universal World Model to Explore Any 3D Space
- 2025Voyager: Long-Range and World-Consistent Video Diffusion for Explorable 3D Scene Generation
- 2024HoloDreamer: Holistic 3D Panoramic World Generation from Text Descriptions
- 2025GaussVideoDreamer: 3D Scene Generation with Video Diffusion and Inconsistency-Aware Gaussian Splatting
- 2025Matrix-3D: Omnidirectional Explorable 3D World Generation
- 20243D-SceneDreamer: Text-Driven 3D-Consistent Scene Generation
- 2024Director3D: Real-world Camera Trajectory and 3D Scene Generation from Text
- 2026WorldFlow3D: Flowing Through 3D Distributions for Unbounded World Generation