mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Write-a-speaker: Text-based Emotional and Rhythmic Talking-head Generation

arXiv 2104.07995 ↗First posted 16 Apr 2021cs.CVcited by 46

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Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper, we propose a novel text-based talking-head video generation framework that synthesizes high-fidelity facial expressions and head motions in accordance with contextual sentiments as well as speech rhythm and pauses. To be specific, our framework consists of a speaker-independent stage and a speaker-specific stage. In the speaker-independent stage, we design three parallel networks to generate animation parameters of the mouth, upper face, and head from texts, separately. In the speaker-specific stage, we present a 3D face model guided attention network to synthesize videos tailored for different individuals. It takes the animation parameters as input and exploits an attention mask to manipulate facial expression changes for the input individuals. Furthermore, to better establish authentic correspondences between visual motions (i.e., facial expression changes and head movements) and audios, we leverage a high-accuracy motion capture dataset instead of relying on long videos of specific individuals. After attaining the visual and audio correspondences, we can effectively train our network in an end-to-end fashion. Extensive experiments on qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that our algorithm achieves high-quality photo-realistic talking-head videos including various facial expressions and head motions according to speech rhythms and outperforms the state-of-the-art.

Key facts. Cited by 46 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 33 of its 65 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Apr 2021.

Builds on

33 of 65 references.

References · 33

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21 more
  1. 2020Face2Face: Real-time Face Capture and Reenactment of RGB Videoscited by 631
  2. 2019FSGAN: Subject Agnostic Face Swapping and Reenactmentcited by 319
  3. 2020MakeItTalk: Speaker-Aware Talking-Head Animationcited by 310
  4. 2019Few-Shot Adversarial Learning of Realistic Neural Talking Head Modelscited by 284
  5. 2018Deep Video Portraitscited by 265
  6. 2019Capture, Learning, and Synthesis of 3D Speaking Stylescited by 257
  7. 2019Hierarchical Cross-Modal Talking Face Generationwith Dynamic Pixel-Wise Losscited by 252
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  9. 2018Talking Face Generation by Adversarially Disentangled Audio-Visual Representationcited by 212
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  11. 2018Lip Movements Generation at a Glancecited by 154
  12. 2020Talking-head Generation with Rhythmic Head Motioncited by 112
  13. 2019Text-based Editing of Talking-head Videocited by 102
  14. 2019MarioNETte: Few-shot Face Reenactment Preserving Identity of Unseen Targetscited by 90
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 8; 2023: 16; 2024: 10; 2025: 7.

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  1. 2022EAMM: One-Shot Emotional Talking Face via Audio-Based Emotion-Aware Motion Modelcited by 151
  2. 2021Audio2Head: Audio-driven One-shot Talking-head Generation with Natural Head Motioncited by 148
  3. 2023EMAGE: Towards Unified Holistic Co-Speech Gesture Generation via Expressive Masked Audio Gesture Modelingcited by 101
  4. 2023StyleTalk: One-shot Talking Head Generation with Controllable Speaking Stylescited by 92
  5. 2021One-shot Talking Face Generation from Single-speaker Audio-Visual Correlation Learningcited by 87
  6. 2021Responsive Listening Head Generation: A Benchmark Dataset and Baselinecited by 67
  7. 2023Diff2Lip: Audio Conditioned Diffusion Models for Lip-Synchronizationcited by 49
  8. 2022Learning in Audio-visual Context: A Review, Analysis, and New Perspectivecited by 44
  9. 2022Masked Lip-Sync Prediction by Audio-Visual Contextual Exploitation in Transformerscited by 33
  10. 2023TalkCLIP: Talking Head Generation with Text-Guided Expressive Speaking Stylescited by 32
  11. 2023FT2TF: First-Person Statement Text-To-Talking Face Generationcited by 26
  12. 2024Say Anything with Any Stylecited by 26
34 more
  1. 2025Human Motion Video Generation: A Surveycited by 25
  2. 2023DREAM-Talk: Diffusion-based Realistic Emotional Audio-driven Method for Single Image Talking Face Generationcited by 24
  3. 2022Memories are One-to-Many Mapping Alleviators in Talking Face Generationcited by 22
  4. 2022Deep Learning for Visual Speech Analysis: A Surveycited by 21
  5. 2022Audio-Visual Face Reenactmentcited by 18
  6. 2021Deep Person Generation: A Survey from the Perspective of Face, Pose and Cloth Synthesiscited by 16
  7. 2024ReSyncer: Rewiring Style-based Generator for Unified Audio-Visually Synced Facial Performercited by 16
  8. 2023DreamTalk: When Emotional Talking Head Generation Meets Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 13
  9. 2024StyleTalk++: A Unified Framework for Controlling the Speaking Styles of Talking Headscited by 11
  10. 2021Conditional Temporal Variational AutoEncoder for Action Video Predictioncited by 9
  11. 2023Multimodal-driven Talking Face Generation via a Unified Diffusion-based Generatorcited by 9
  12. 2023From Pixels to Portraits: A Comprehensive Survey of Talking Head Generation Techniques and Applicationscited by 9
  13. 2025AV-Flow: Transforming Text to Audio-Visual Human-like Interactionscited by 9
  14. 2023UniFLG: Unified Facial Landmark Generator from Text or Speechcited by 8
  15. 2023Text-to-Video: a Two-stage Framework for Zero-shot Identity-agnostic Talking-head Generationcited by 8
  16. 2024DH-FaceVid-1K: A Large-Scale High-Quality Dataset for Face Video Generationcited by 8
  17. 2023Audio-Driven 3D Facial Animation from In-the-Wild Videoscited by 7
  18. 2025Advancing Talking Head Generation: A Comprehensive Survey of Multi-Modal Methodologies, Datasets, Evaluation Metrics, and Loss Functionscited by 6
  19. 2023MusicFace: Music-driven Expressive Singing Face Synthesiscited by 5
  20. 2024Text-to-Image Cross-Modal Generation: A Systematic Reviewcited by 5
  21. 2024PortraitTalk: Towards Customizable One-Shot Audio-to-Talking Face Generationcited by 5
  22. 2024EmoSpeaker: One-shot Fine-grained Emotion-Controlled Talking Face Generationcited by 4
  23. 2024A Comprehensive Taxonomy and Analysis of Talking Head Synthesis: Techniques for Portrait Generation, Driving Mechanisms, and Editingcited by 4
  24. 2023Neural Text to Articulate Talk: Deep Text to Audiovisual Speech Synthesis achieving both Auditory and Photo-realismcited by 3
  25. 2025Cosh-DiT: Co-Speech Gesture Video Synthesis via Hybrid Audio-Visual Diffusion Transformerscited by 3
  26. 2023Unsupervised Learning of Style-Aware Facial Animation from Real Acting Performancescited by 2
  27. 2025MAGIC-Talk: Motion-aware Audio-Driven Talking Face Generation with Customizable Identity Controlcited by 2
  28. 2022Facial Action Units Detection Aided by Global-Local Expression Embeddingcited by 1
  29. 2023VectorTalker: SVG Talking Face Generation with Progressive Vectorisationcited by 1
  30. 2024EmoGene: Audio-Driven Emotional 3D Talking-Head Generationcited by 1
  31. 2025Efficient Listener: Dyadic Facial Motion Synthesis via Action Diffusioncited by 1
  32. 2025THEval. Evaluation Framework for Talking Head Video Generationcited by 1
  33. 2022Global-to-local Expression-aware Embeddings for Facial Action Unit Detectioncited by 0
  34. 2024NLDF: Neural Light Dynamic Fields for Efficient 3D Talking Head Generationcited by 0