mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MaskGAN: Towards Diverse and Interactive Facial Image Manipulation

arXiv 1907.11922 ↗First posted 27 Jul 2019cs.CV cs.GR cs.LGcited by 624

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Cited by 93 in Diffusion models, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

Facial image manipulation has achieved great progress in recent years. However, previous methods either operate on a predefined set of face attributes or leave users little freedom to interactively manipulate images. To overcome these drawbacks, we propose a novel framework termed MaskGAN, enabling diverse and interactive face manipulation. Our key insight is that semantic masks serve as a suitable intermediate representation for flexible face manipulation with fidelity preservation. MaskGAN has two main components: 1) Dense Mapping Network (DMN) and 2) Editing Behavior Simulated Training (EBST). Specifically, DMN learns style mapping between a free-form user modified mask and a target image, enabling diverse generation results. EBST models the user editing behavior on the source mask, making the overall framework more robust to various manipulated inputs. Specifically, it introduces dual-editing consistency as the auxiliary supervision signal. To facilitate extensive studies, we construct a large-scale high-resolution face dataset with fine-grained mask annotations named CelebAMask-HQ. MaskGAN is comprehensively evaluated on two challenging tasks: attribute transfer and style copy, demonstrating superior performance over other state-of-the-art methods. The code, models, and dataset are available at https://github.com/switchablenorms/CelebAMask-HQ.

Key facts. Cited by 624 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 27 Jul 2019.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 120; 2022: 130; 2023: 135; 2024: 113; 2025: 81; 2026: 45.

624 papers.

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  1. 2021Label-Efficient Semantic Segmentation with Diffusion Modelscited by 495
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  3. 2021AD-NeRF: Audio Driven Neural Radiance Fields for Talking Head Synthesiscited by 339
  4. 2022Diffusion Models already have a Semantic Latent Spacecited by 324
  5. 2022CelebV-HQ: A Large-Scale Video Facial Attributes Datasetcited by 246
  6. 2021SimSwap: An Efficient Framework For High Fidelity Face Swappingcited by 243
  7. 2021HeadNeRF: A Real-time NeRF-based Parametric Head Modelcited by 228
  8. 2022BBDM: Image-to-image Translation with Brownian Bridge Diffusion Modelscited by 222
  9. 2023Generative Diffusion Prior for Unified Image Restoration and Enhancementcited by 198
  10. 2021General Facial Representation Learning in a Visual-Linguistic Mannercited by 193
  11. 2021EditGAN: High-Precision Semantic Image Editingcited by 156
  12. 2021Semantic Segmentation with Generative Models: Semi-Supervised Learning and Strong Out-of-Domain Generalizationcited by 141
38 more
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  5. 2022Semantic Image Synthesis via Diffusion Modelscited by 131
  6. 2023GeneFace: Generalized and High-Fidelity Audio-Driven 3D Talking Face Synthesiscited by 131
  7. 2021ForgeryNet: A Versatile Benchmark for Comprehensive Forgery Analysiscited by 124
  8. 2022Semantic-Aware Implicit Neural Audio-Driven Video Portrait Generationcited by 119
  9. 2021Image-to-Image Translation: Methods and Applicationscited by 116
  10. 2023Collaborative Diffusion for Multi-Modal Face Generation and Editingcited by 116
  11. 2021FENeRF: Face Editing in Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 112
  12. 2022DiffuseVAE: Efficient, Controllable and High-Fidelity Generation from Low-Dimensional Latentscited by 103
  13. 2021Talk-to-Edit: Fine-Grained Facial Editing via Dialogcited by 102
  14. 2024IMAGDressing-v1: Customizable Virtual Dressingcited by 100
  15. 2021GANcraft: Unsupervised 3D Neural Rendering of Minecraft Worldscited by 98
  16. 2023Diffusion Model as Representation Learnercited by 95
  17. 2021MoFaNeRF: Morphable Facial Neural Radiance Fieldcited by 94
  18. 2022High-Quality Entity Segmentationcited by 93
  19. 2021Exploiting Spatial Dimensions of Latent in GAN for Real-time Image Editingcited by 91
  20. 2021Repurposing GANs for One-shot Semantic Part Segmentationcited by 88
  21. 2023SlotDiffusion: Object-Centric Generative Modeling with Diffusion Modelscited by 85
  22. 2021Ensembling Off-the-shelf Models for GAN Trainingcited by 84
  23. 2022Real-time Neural Radiance Talking Portrait Synthesis via Audio-spatial Decompositioncited by 81
  24. 2021PD-GAN: Probabilistic Diverse GAN for Image Inpaintingcited by 80
  25. 2021HairCLIP: Design Your Hair by Text and Reference Imagecited by 79
  26. 2023PortraitBooth: A Versatile Portrait Model for Fast Identity-preserved Personalizationcited by 77
  27. 2021Multimodal Conditional Image Synthesis with Product-of-Experts GANscited by 75
  28. 2022Frido: Feature Pyramid Diffusion for Complex Scene Image Synthesiscited by 75
  29. 2021Intermediate Layer Optimization for Inverse Problems using Deep Generative Modelscited by 70
  30. 2022SQ-VAE: Variational Bayes on Discrete Representation with Self-annealed Stochastic Quantizationcited by 68
  31. 2022Fine-Grained Face Swapping via Regional GAN Inversioncited by 67
  32. 2024Deepfake Generation and Detection: A Benchmark and Surveycited by 66
  33. 2022High-fidelity 3D GAN Inversion by Pseudo-multi-view Optimizationcited by 65
  34. 2023LayoutDiffuse: Adapting Foundational Diffusion Models for Layout-to-Image Generationcited by 65
  35. 2023Seeing is not always believing: Benchmarking Human and Model Perception of AI-Generated Imagescited by 65
  36. 2022BCI: Breast Cancer Immunohistochemical Image Generation through Pyramid Pix2pixcited by 61
  37. 2024TalkingGaussian: Structure-Persistent 3D Talking Head Synthesis via Gaussian Splattingcited by 60
  38. 2021SemanticStyleGAN: Learning Compositional Generative Priors for Controllable Image Synthesis and Editingcited by 58

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