Exploring the Potential of Large Foundation Models for Open-Vocabulary HOI Detection
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Abstract (arXiv)
Open-vocabulary human-object interaction (HOI) detection, which is concerned with the problem of detecting novel HOIs guided by natural language, is crucial for understanding human-centric scenes. However, prior zero-shot HOI detectors often employ the same levels of feature maps to model HOIs with varying distances, leading to suboptimal performance in scenes containing human-object pairs with a wide range of distances. In addition, these detectors primarily rely on category names and overlook the rich contextual information that language can provide, which is essential for capturing open vocabulary concepts that are typically rare and not well-represented by category names alone. In this paper, we introduce a novel end-to-end open vocabulary HOI detection framework with conditional multi-level decoding and fine-grained semantic enhancement (CMD-SE), harnessing the potential of Visual-Language Models (VLMs). Specifically, we propose to model human-object pairs with different distances with different levels of feature maps by incorporating a soft constraint during the bipartite matching process. Furthermore, by leveraging large language models (LLMs) such as GPT models, we exploit their extensive world knowledge to generate descriptions of human body part states for various interactions. Then we integrate the generalizable and fine-grained semantics of human body parts to improve interaction recognition. Experimental results on two datasets, SWIG-HOI and HICO-DET, demonstrate that our proposed method achieves state-of-the-art results in open vocabulary HOI detection. The code and models are available at https://github.com/ltttpku/CMD-SE-release.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 57 of its 68 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Apr 2024.
Builds on
57 of 68 references.
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50 most cited of 57 All 57 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 5; 2025: 13; 2026: 7.
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- 2024Training-free Video Temporal Grounding using Large-scale Pre-trained Modelscited by 28
- 2024EZ-HOI: VLM Adaptation via Guided Prompt Learning for Zero-Shot HOI Detectioncited by 28
- 2024Exploring Conditional Multi-Modal Prompts for Zero-shot HOI Detectioncited by 26
- 2024Human-Object Interaction Detection Collaborated with Large Relation-driven Diffusion Modelscited by 15
- 2025HOLa: Zero-Shot HOI Detection with Low-Rank Decomposed VLM Feature Adaptationcited by 12
- 2024PlanLLM: Video Procedure Planning with Refinable Large Language Modelscited by 10
- 2025Open-Vocabulary HOI Detection with Interaction-aware Prompt and Concept Calibrationcited by 8
- 2026What if Agents Could Imagine? Reinforcing Open-Vocabulary HOI Comprehension through Generationcited by 8
- 2025ANNEXE: Unified Analyzing, Answering, and Pixel Grounding for Egocentric Interactioncited by 5
- 2025AR-VRM: Imitating Human Motions for Visual Robot Manipulation with Analogical Reasoningcited by 5
- 2025CrossHOI-Bench: A Unified Benchmark for HOI Evaluation across Vision-Language Models and HOI-Specific Methodscited by 5
- 2026Interaction-aware Representation Modeling with Co-occurrence Consistency for Egocentric Hand-Object Parsingcited by 4
13 more
- 2025SGC-Net: Stratified Granular Comparison Network for Open-Vocabulary HOI Detectioncited by 3
- 2025TRKT: Weakly Supervised Dynamic Scene Graph Generation with Temporal-enhanced Relation-aware Knowledge Transferringcited by 3
- 2025Interact-Custom: Customized Human Object Interaction Image Generationcited by 3
- 2025InteractMove: Text-Controlled Human-Object Interaction Generation in 3D Scenes with Movable Objectscited by 3
- 2026Streamlined Open-Vocabulary Human-Object Interaction Detectioncited by 2
- 2026Rethinking Video Human-Object Interaction: Set Prediction over Time for Unified Detection and Anticipationcited by 2
- 2025COME: Dual Structure-Semantic Learning with Collaborative MoE for Universal Lesion Detection Across Heterogeneous Ultrasound Datasetscited by 1
- 2026Zero-shot HOI Detection with MLLM-based Detector-agnostic Interaction Recognitioncited by 1
- 2026SHOE: Semantic HOI Open-Vocabulary Evaluation Metriccited by 1
- 2026Unleashing Multimodal Large Language Models for Training-free HOI Detection in the Wildcited by 1
- 2025From Semantics, Scene to Instance-awareness: Distilling Foundation Model for Grounded Open-vocabulary Situation Recognitioncited by 0
- 2025Part-Aware Bottom-Up Group Reasoning for Fine-Grained Social Interaction Detectioncited by 0
- 2025Generative Human-Object Interaction Detection via Differentiable Cognitive Steering of Multi-modal LLMscited by 0
- 2026Unleashing Multimodal Large Language Models for Training-free HOI Detection in the Wild15 Jul 2026
- 2026Rethinking Video Human-Object Interaction: Set Prediction over Time for Unified Detection and Anticipation12 Apr 2026
- 2026SHOE: Semantic HOI Open-Vocabulary Evaluation Metric2 Apr 2026
- 2026Streamlined Open-Vocabulary Human-Object Interaction Detection29 Mar 2026
- 2026Interaction-aware Representation Modeling with Co-occurrence Consistency for Egocentric Hand-Object Parsing24 Feb 2026
- 2026Zero-shot HOI Detection with MLLM-based Detector-agnostic Interaction Recognition16 Feb 2026
- 2026What if Agents Could Imagine? Reinforcing Open-Vocabulary HOI Comprehension through Generation12 Feb 2026
- 2025Generative Human-Object Interaction Detection via Differentiable Cognitive Steering of Multi-modal LLMs19 Dec 2025
- 2025Part-Aware Bottom-Up Group Reasoning for Fine-Grained Social Interaction Detection5 Nov 2025
- 2025InteractMove: Text-Controlled Human-Object Interaction Generation in 3D Scenes with Movable Objects28 Sep 2025
- 2025Interact-Custom: Customized Human Object Interaction Image Generation27 Aug 2025
- 2025CrossHOI-Bench: A Unified Benchmark for HOI Evaluation across Vision-Language Models and HOI-Specific Methods26 Aug 2025
13 more
- 2025COME: Dual Structure-Semantic Learning with Collaborative MoE for Universal Lesion Detection Across Heterogeneous Ultrasound Datasets13 Aug 2025
- 2025AR-VRM: Imitating Human Motions for Visual Robot Manipulation with Analogical Reasoning11 Aug 2025
- 2025TRKT: Weakly Supervised Dynamic Scene Graph Generation with Temporal-enhanced Relation-aware Knowledge Transferring7 Aug 2025
- 2025Open-Vocabulary HOI Detection with Interaction-aware Prompt and Concept Calibration5 Aug 2025
- 2025HOLa: Zero-Shot HOI Detection with Low-Rank Decomposed VLM Feature Adaptation21 Jul 2025
- 2025From Semantics, Scene to Instance-awareness: Distilling Foundation Model for Grounded Open-vocabulary Situation Recognition19 Jul 2025
- 2025ANNEXE: Unified Analyzing, Answering, and Pixel Grounding for Egocentric Interaction2 Apr 2025
- 2025SGC-Net: Stratified Granular Comparison Network for Open-Vocabulary HOI Detection1 Mar 2025
- 2024PlanLLM: Video Procedure Planning with Refinable Large Language Models26 Dec 2024
- 2024EZ-HOI: VLM Adaptation via Guided Prompt Learning for Zero-Shot HOI Detection31 Oct 2024
- 2024Human-Object Interaction Detection Collaborated with Large Relation-driven Diffusion Models26 Oct 2024
- 2024Training-free Video Temporal Grounding using Large-scale Pre-trained Models29 Aug 2024
- 2024Exploring Conditional Multi-Modal Prompts for Zero-shot HOI Detection5 Aug 2024
- 2025CrossHOI-Bench: A Unified Benchmark for HOI Evaluation across Vision-Language Models and HOI-Specific Methodscited by 5
- 2026Zero-shot HOI Detection with MLLM-based Detector-agnostic Interaction Recognitioncited by 1
- 2026Unleashing Multimodal Large Language Models for Training-free HOI Detection in the Wildcited by 1
- 2025From Semantics, Scene to Instance-awareness: Distilling Foundation Model for Grounded Open-vocabulary Situation Recognitioncited by 0
- 2025Generative Human-Object Interaction Detection via Differentiable Cognitive Steering of Multi-modal LLMscited by 0
- 2026Unleashing Multimodal Large Language Models for Training-free HOI Detection in the Wild15 Jul 2026
- 2026Zero-shot HOI Detection with MLLM-based Detector-agnostic Interaction Recognition16 Feb 2026
- 2025Generative Human-Object Interaction Detection via Differentiable Cognitive Steering of Multi-modal LLMs19 Dec 2025
- 2025CrossHOI-Bench: A Unified Benchmark for HOI Evaluation across Vision-Language Models and HOI-Specific Methods26 Aug 2025
- 2025From Semantics, Scene to Instance-awareness: Distilling Foundation Model for Grounded Open-vocabulary Situation Recognition19 Jul 2025
- 2024Training-free Video Temporal Grounding using Large-scale Pre-trained Modelscited by 28
- 2024EZ-HOI: VLM Adaptation via Guided Prompt Learning for Zero-Shot HOI Detectioncited by 28
- 2024Exploring Conditional Multi-Modal Prompts for Zero-shot HOI Detectioncited by 26
- 2025HOLa: Zero-Shot HOI Detection with Low-Rank Decomposed VLM Feature Adaptationcited by 12
- 2024PlanLLM: Video Procedure Planning with Refinable Large Language Modelscited by 10
- 2025Open-Vocabulary HOI Detection with Interaction-aware Prompt and Concept Calibrationcited by 8
- 2025ANNEXE: Unified Analyzing, Answering, and Pixel Grounding for Egocentric Interactioncited by 5
- 2026Interaction-aware Representation Modeling with Co-occurrence Consistency for Egocentric Hand-Object Parsingcited by 4
- 2025SGC-Net: Stratified Granular Comparison Network for Open-Vocabulary HOI Detectioncited by 3
- 2025TRKT: Weakly Supervised Dynamic Scene Graph Generation with Temporal-enhanced Relation-aware Knowledge Transferringcited by 3
- 2025Interact-Custom: Customized Human Object Interaction Image Generationcited by 3
- 2025InteractMove: Text-Controlled Human-Object Interaction Generation in 3D Scenes with Movable Objectscited by 3
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026Rethinking Video Human-Object Interaction: Set Prediction over Time for Unified Detection and Anticipation12 Apr 2026
- 2026SHOE: Semantic HOI Open-Vocabulary Evaluation Metric2 Apr 2026
- 2026Streamlined Open-Vocabulary Human-Object Interaction Detection29 Mar 2026
- 2026Interaction-aware Representation Modeling with Co-occurrence Consistency for Egocentric Hand-Object Parsing24 Feb 2026
- 2025Part-Aware Bottom-Up Group Reasoning for Fine-Grained Social Interaction Detection5 Nov 2025
- 2025InteractMove: Text-Controlled Human-Object Interaction Generation in 3D Scenes with Movable Objects28 Sep 2025
- 2025Interact-Custom: Customized Human Object Interaction Image Generation27 Aug 2025
- 2025TRKT: Weakly Supervised Dynamic Scene Graph Generation with Temporal-enhanced Relation-aware Knowledge Transferring7 Aug 2025
- 2025Open-Vocabulary HOI Detection with Interaction-aware Prompt and Concept Calibration5 Aug 2025
- 2025HOLa: Zero-Shot HOI Detection with Low-Rank Decomposed VLM Feature Adaptation21 Jul 2025
- 2025ANNEXE: Unified Analyzing, Answering, and Pixel Grounding for Egocentric Interaction2 Apr 2025
- 2025SGC-Net: Stratified Granular Comparison Network for Open-Vocabulary HOI Detection1 Mar 2025
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)
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