HMD-NeMo: Online 3D Avatar Motion Generation From Sparse Observations
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Abstract (arXiv)
Generating both plausible and accurate full body avatar motion is the key to the quality of immersive experiences in mixed reality scenarios. Head-Mounted Devices (HMDs) typically only provide a few input signals, such as head and hands 6-DoF. Recently, different approaches achieved impressive performance in generating full body motion given only head and hands signal. However, to the best of our knowledge, all existing approaches rely on full hand visibility. While this is the case when, e.g., using motion controllers, a considerable proportion of mixed reality experiences do not involve motion controllers and instead rely on egocentric hand tracking. This introduces the challenge of partial hand visibility owing to the restricted field of view of the HMD. In this paper, we propose the first unified approach, HMD-NeMo, that addresses plausible and accurate full body motion generation even when the hands may be only partially visible. HMD-NeMo is a lightweight neural network that predicts the full body motion in an online and real-time fashion. At the heart of HMD-NeMo is the spatio-temporal encoder with novel temporally adaptable mask tokens that encourage plausible motion in the absence of hand observations. We perform extensive analysis of the impact of different components in HMD-NeMo and introduce a new state-of-the-art on AMASS dataset through our evaluation.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 27 of its 41 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Aug 2023.
Builds on
27 of 41 references.
References · 27
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15 more
- 2022Physical Inertial Poser (PIP): Physics-aware Real-time Human Motion Tracking from Sparse Inertial Sensorscited by 146
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 6; 2025: 8; 2026: 4.
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- 2024Mocap Everyone Everywhere: Lightweight Motion Capture With Smartwatches and a Head-Mounted Cameracited by 31
- 2024HMD-Poser: On-Device Real-time Human Motion Tracking from Scalable Sparse Observationscited by 25
- 2024Real-Time Simulated Avatar from Head-Mounted Sensorscited by 17
- 2024A Unified Diffusion Framework for Scene-aware Human Motion Estimation from Sparse Signalscited by 16
- 2024EnvPoser: Environment-aware Realistic Human Motion Estimation from Sparse Observations with Uncertainty Modelingcited by 11
- 2025From Sparse Signal to Smooth Motion: Real-Time Motion Generation with Rolling Prediction Modelscited by 11
- 2025Motion Generation: A Survey of Generative Approaches and Benchmarkscited by 8
- 2025FRAME: Floor-aligned Representation for Avatar Motion from Egocentric Videocited by 5
- 2025FastAnimate: Towards Learnable Template Construction and Pose Deformation for Fast 3D Human Avatar Animationcited by 2
- 2024Biometrics in Extended Reality: A Reviewcited by 1
- 2025KineST: A Kinematics-guided Spatiotemporal State Space Model for Human Motion Tracking from Sparse Signalscited by 1
- 2026Egocentric Visibility-Aware Human Pose Estimationcited by 1
6 more
- 2026EgoExoMoCap: Distributed Ego-Exo Human Motion Capturecited by 1
- 2025Zero-shot Human Pose Estimation using Diffusion-based Inverse solverscited by 0
- 2025Mem-MLP: Real-Time 3D Human Motion Generation from Sparse Inputscited by 0
- 2025OmniEgoCap: Camera-Agnostic Sequence-Level Egocentric Motion Reconstructioncited by 0
- 2026EgoGVAE: Ego-body Mesh Reconstruction via Guided Variational Autoencodercited by 0
- 2026FlowAvatar: Real-Time Full-Body Avatars from Sparse Egocentric Inputs on Consumer XR Devicescited by 0
- 2026FlowAvatar: Real-Time Full-Body Avatars from Sparse Egocentric Inputs on Consumer XR Devices12 Oct 2026
- 2026EgoGVAE: Ego-body Mesh Reconstruction via Guided Variational Autoencoder30 Jul 2026
- 2026EgoExoMoCap: Distributed Ego-Exo Human Motion Capture17 Jul 2026
- 2026Egocentric Visibility-Aware Human Pose Estimation27 Feb 2026
- 2025OmniEgoCap: Camera-Agnostic Sequence-Level Egocentric Motion Reconstruction22 Dec 2025
- 2025KineST: A Kinematics-guided Spatiotemporal State Space Model for Human Motion Tracking from Sparse Signals18 Dec 2025
- 2025FastAnimate: Towards Learnable Template Construction and Pose Deformation for Fast 3D Human Avatar Animation1 Dec 2025
- 2025Mem-MLP: Real-Time 3D Human Motion Generation from Sparse Inputs20 Nov 2025
- 2025Zero-shot Human Pose Estimation using Diffusion-based Inverse solvers2 Oct 2025
- 2025Motion Generation: A Survey of Generative Approaches and Benchmarks7 Jul 2025
- 2025From Sparse Signal to Smooth Motion: Real-Time Motion Generation with Rolling Prediction Models7 Apr 2025
- 2025FRAME: Floor-aligned Representation for Avatar Motion from Egocentric Video29 Mar 2025
6 more
- 2024EnvPoser: Environment-aware Realistic Human Motion Estimation from Sparse Observations with Uncertainty Modeling13 Dec 2024
- 2024Biometrics in Extended Reality: A Review14 Nov 2024
- 2024A Unified Diffusion Framework for Scene-aware Human Motion Estimation from Sparse Signals7 Apr 2024
- 2024Real-Time Simulated Avatar from Head-Mounted Sensors11 Mar 2024
- 2024HMD-Poser: On-Device Real-time Human Motion Tracking from Scalable Sparse Observations6 Mar 2024
- 2024Mocap Everyone Everywhere: Lightweight Motion Capture With Smartwatches and a Head-Mounted Camera1 Jan 2024
- 2024Mocap Everyone Everywhere: Lightweight Motion Capture With Smartwatches and a Head-Mounted Cameracited by 31
- 2024HMD-Poser: On-Device Real-time Human Motion Tracking from Scalable Sparse Observationscited by 25
- 2024Real-Time Simulated Avatar from Head-Mounted Sensorscited by 17
- 2024A Unified Diffusion Framework for Scene-aware Human Motion Estimation from Sparse Signalscited by 16
- 2024EnvPoser: Environment-aware Realistic Human Motion Estimation from Sparse Observations with Uncertainty Modelingcited by 11
- 2025From Sparse Signal to Smooth Motion: Real-Time Motion Generation with Rolling Prediction Modelscited by 11
- 2025Motion Generation: A Survey of Generative Approaches and Benchmarkscited by 8
- 2025FRAME: Floor-aligned Representation for Avatar Motion from Egocentric Videocited by 5
- 2025FastAnimate: Towards Learnable Template Construction and Pose Deformation for Fast 3D Human Avatar Animationcited by 2
- 2024Biometrics in Extended Reality: A Reviewcited by 1
- 2025KineST: A Kinematics-guided Spatiotemporal State Space Model for Human Motion Tracking from Sparse Signalscited by 1
- 2026Egocentric Visibility-Aware Human Pose Estimationcited by 1
12 most cited of 17 All 17 (JSON)
- 2026FlowAvatar: Real-Time Full-Body Avatars from Sparse Egocentric Inputs on Consumer XR Devices12 Oct 2026
- 2026EgoGVAE: Ego-body Mesh Reconstruction via Guided Variational Autoencoder30 Jul 2026
- 2026EgoExoMoCap: Distributed Ego-Exo Human Motion Capture17 Jul 2026
- 2026Egocentric Visibility-Aware Human Pose Estimation27 Feb 2026
- 2025OmniEgoCap: Camera-Agnostic Sequence-Level Egocentric Motion Reconstruction22 Dec 2025
- 2025KineST: A Kinematics-guided Spatiotemporal State Space Model for Human Motion Tracking from Sparse Signals18 Dec 2025
- 2025FastAnimate: Towards Learnable Template Construction and Pose Deformation for Fast 3D Human Avatar Animation1 Dec 2025
- 2025Mem-MLP: Real-Time 3D Human Motion Generation from Sparse Inputs20 Nov 2025
- 2025Motion Generation: A Survey of Generative Approaches and Benchmarks7 Jul 2025
- 2025From Sparse Signal to Smooth Motion: Real-Time Motion Generation with Rolling Prediction Models7 Apr 2025
- 2025FRAME: Floor-aligned Representation for Avatar Motion from Egocentric Video29 Mar 2025
- 2024EnvPoser: Environment-aware Realistic Human Motion Estimation from Sparse Observations with Uncertainty Modeling13 Dec 2024
12 newest of 17 All 17 (JSON)