Explicit Feature Interaction-aware Uplift Network for Online Marketing
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Abstract (arXiv)
As a key component in online marketing, uplift modeling aims to accurately capture the degree to which different treatments motivate different users, such as coupons or discounts, also known as the estimation of individual treatment effect (ITE). In an actual business scenario, the options for treatment may be numerous and complex, and there may be correlations between different treatments. In addition, each marketing instance may also have rich user and contextual features. However, existing methods still fall short in both fully exploiting treatment information and mining features that are sensitive to a particular treatment. In this paper, we propose an explicit feature interaction-aware uplift network (EFIN) to address these two problems. Our EFIN includes four customized modules: 1) a feature encoding module encodes not only the user and contextual features, but also the treatment features; 2) a self-interaction module aims to accurately model the user's natural response with all but the treatment features; 3) a treatment-aware interaction module accurately models the degree to which a particular treatment motivates a user through interactions between the treatment features and other features, i.e., ITE; and 4) an intervention constraint module is used to balance the ITE distribution of users between the control and treatment groups so that the model would still achieve a accurate uplift ranking on data collected from a non-random intervention marketing scenario. We conduct extensive experiments on two public datasets and one product dataset to verify the effectiveness of our EFIN. In addition, our EFIN has been deployed in a credit card bill payment scenario of a large online financial platform with a significant improvement.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 23 of its 40 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Jun 2023.
Builds on
23 of 40 references.
References · 23
- 2016XGBoost: A Scalable Tree Boosting Systemcited by 5,166
- 2017DeepFM: A Factorization-Machine based Neural Network for CTR Predictioncited by 676
- 2017Meta-learners for Estimating Heterogeneous Treatment Effects using Machine Learningcited by 478
- 2017Causal Effect Inference with Deep Latent-Variable Modelscited by 410
- 2017Quasi-Oracle Estimation of Heterogeneous Treatment Effectscited by 332
- 2020DCN V2: Improved Deep & Cross Network and Practical Lessons for Web-scale Learning to Rank Systemscited by 327
- 2019Adapting Neural Networks for the Estimation of Treatment Effectscited by 287
- 2015Recursive Partitioning for Heterogeneous Causal Effectscited by 255
- 2021Nonparametric Estimation of Heterogeneous Treatment Effects: From Theory to Learning Algorithmscited by 144
- 2021On Inductive Biases for Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimationcited by 75
- 2019Fi-GNN: Modeling Feature Interactions via Graph Neural Networks for CTR Predictioncited by 54
- 2017Uplift Modeling with Multiple Treatments and General Response Typescited by 41
11 more
- 2020A unified survey of treatment effect heterogeneity modeling and uplift modelingcited by 36
- 2019A Unified Framework for Marketing Budget Allocationcited by 33
- 2021E-Commerce Promotions Personalization via Online Multiple-Choice Knapsack with Uplift Modelingcited by 21
- 2020Free Lunch! Retrospective Uplift Modeling for Dynamic Promotions Recommendation within ROI Constraintscited by 20
- 2020Learning to rank for uplift modelingcited by 18
- 2022LBCF: A Large-Scale Budget-Constrained Causal Forest Algorithmcited by 17
- 2022DESCN: Deep Entire Space Cross Networks for Individual Treatment Effect Estimationcited by 16
- 2023Optimizing Feature Set for Click-Through Rate Predictioncited by 13
- 2021Memorize, Factorize, or be Na"ive: Learning Optimal Feature Interaction Methods for CTR Predictioncited by 12
- 2021A Large Scale Benchmark for Individual Treatment Effect Prediction and Uplift Modelingcited by 12
- 2022GCF: Generalized Causal Forest for Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimation in Online Marketplacecited by 3
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 6; 2025: 10; 2026: 7.
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- 2024End-to-End Cost-Effective Incentive Recommendation under Budget Constraint with Uplift Modelingcited by 10
- 2024Entire Chain Uplift Modeling with Context-Enhanced Learning for Intelligent Marketingcited by 7
- 2024M3TN: Multi-gate Mixture-of-Experts based Multi-valued Treatment Network for Uplift Modelingcited by 6
- 2023Robustness-enhanced Uplift Modeling with Adversarial Feature Desensitizationcited by 5
- 2023Making Large Language Models Better Knowledge Miners for Online Marketing with Progressive Prompting Augmentationcited by 5
- 2024Multi-Treatment Multi-Task Uplift Modeling for Enhancing User Growthcited by 5
- 2024Benchmarking for Deep Uplift Modeling in Online Marketingcited by 3
- 2025iLOCO: Distribution-Free Inference for Feature Interactionscited by 3
- 2025Robust Uplift Modeling with Large-Scale Contexts for Real-time Marketingcited by 3
- 2024Ads Supply Personalization via Doubly Robust Learningcited by 2
- 2025Session-Level Dynamic Ad Load Optimization using Offline Robust Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2025MMCE: A Framework for Deep Monotonic Modeling of Multiple Causal Effectscited by 1
13 more
- 2026Jointly Optimizing Debiased CTR and Uplift for Coupons Marketing: A Unified Causal Frameworkcited by 1
- 2026Evaluating Uplift Modeling under Structural Biases: Insights into Metric Stability and Model Robustnesscited by 1
- 2025TSCAN: Context-Aware Uplift Modeling via Two-Stage Training for Online Merchant Business Diagnosiscited by 0
- 2025The Estimation of Continual Causal Effect for Dataset Shifting Streamscited by 0
- 2025Which Company Adjustment Matter? Insights from Uplift Modeling on Financial Healthcited by 0
- 2025KLAN: Kuaishou Landing-page Adaptive Navigatorcited by 0
- 2025Multi-Treatment-DML: Causal Estimation for Multi-Dimensional Continuous Treatments with Monotonicity Constraints in Personal Loan Risk Optimizationcited by 0
- 2025A Comparative Study of Model Adaptation Strategies for Multi-Treatment Uplift Modelingcited by 0
- 2026Orthogonal Uplift Learning with Permutation-Invariant Representations for Combinatorial Treatmentscited by 0
- 2026VALOR: Value-Aware Revenue Uplift Modeling with Treatment-Gated Representation for B2B Salescited by 0
- 2026Cross-Head Attention Uplift Network with Inverse Propensity Score under Unobserved Confoundingcited by 0
- 2026FunnelCausalNet: Funnel-aware Joint Conversion-Revenue Uplift for Multi-tier Coupon Allocationcited by 0
- 2026Doubly Robust Estimation of Causal Effect on CVR with Targeted Regularizationcited by 0
- 2026Doubly Robust Estimation of Causal Effect on CVR with Targeted Regularization13 Aug 2026
- 2026FunnelCausalNet: Funnel-aware Joint Conversion-Revenue Uplift for Multi-tier Coupon Allocation12 Aug 2026
- 2026Cross-Head Attention Uplift Network with Inverse Propensity Score under Unobserved Confounding25 Jun 2026
- 2026VALOR: Value-Aware Revenue Uplift Modeling with Treatment-Gated Representation for B2B Sales2 Apr 2026
- 2026Evaluating Uplift Modeling under Structural Biases: Insights into Metric Stability and Model Robustness21 Mar 2026
- 2026Orthogonal Uplift Learning with Permutation-Invariant Representations for Combinatorial Treatments23 Feb 2026
- 2026Jointly Optimizing Debiased CTR and Uplift for Coupons Marketing: A Unified Causal Framework13 Feb 2026
- 2025A Comparative Study of Model Adaptation Strategies for Multi-Treatment Uplift Modeling3 Nov 2025
- 2025Multi-Treatment-DML: Causal Estimation for Multi-Dimensional Continuous Treatments with Monotonicity Constraints in Personal Loan Risk Optimization4 Aug 2025
- 2025KLAN: Kuaishou Landing-page Adaptive Navigator31 Jul 2025
- 2025Which Company Adjustment Matter? Insights from Uplift Modeling on Financial Health23 Jun 2025
- 2025The Estimation of Continual Causal Effect for Dataset Shifting Streams29 Apr 2025
13 more
- 2025TSCAN: Context-Aware Uplift Modeling via Two-Stage Training for Online Merchant Business Diagnosis26 Apr 2025
- 2025MMCE: A Framework for Deep Monotonic Modeling of Multiple Causal Effects2 Apr 2025
- 2025iLOCO: Distribution-Free Inference for Feature Interactions10 Feb 2025
- 2025Session-Level Dynamic Ad Load Optimization using Offline Robust Reinforcement Learning9 Jan 2025
- 2025Robust Uplift Modeling with Large-Scale Contexts for Real-time Marketing4 Jan 2025
- 2024Ads Supply Personalization via Doubly Robust Learning29 Sep 2024
- 2024Multi-Treatment Multi-Task Uplift Modeling for Enhancing User Growth23 Aug 2024
- 2024End-to-End Cost-Effective Incentive Recommendation under Budget Constraint with Uplift Modeling21 Aug 2024
- 2024Benchmarking for Deep Uplift Modeling in Online Marketing1 Jun 2024
- 2024Entire Chain Uplift Modeling with Context-Enhanced Learning for Intelligent Marketing4 Feb 2024
- 2024M3TN: Multi-gate Mixture-of-Experts based Multi-valued Treatment Network for Uplift Modeling24 Jan 2024
- 2023Making Large Language Models Better Knowledge Miners for Online Marketing with Progressive Prompting Augmentation8 Dec 2023
- 2023Robustness-enhanced Uplift Modeling with Adversarial Feature Desensitization7 Oct 2023
- 2024End-to-End Cost-Effective Incentive Recommendation under Budget Constraint with Uplift Modelingcited by 10
- 2024Entire Chain Uplift Modeling with Context-Enhanced Learning for Intelligent Marketingcited by 7
- 2023Robustness-enhanced Uplift Modeling with Adversarial Feature Desensitizationcited by 5
- 2023Making Large Language Models Better Knowledge Miners for Online Marketing with Progressive Prompting Augmentationcited by 5
- 2024Multi-Treatment Multi-Task Uplift Modeling for Enhancing User Growthcited by 5
- 2024Benchmarking for Deep Uplift Modeling in Online Marketingcited by 3
- 2025iLOCO: Distribution-Free Inference for Feature Interactionscited by 3
- 2025Robust Uplift Modeling with Large-Scale Contexts for Real-time Marketingcited by 3
- 2024Ads Supply Personalization via Doubly Robust Learningcited by 2
- 2025Session-Level Dynamic Ad Load Optimization using Offline Robust Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2025MMCE: A Framework for Deep Monotonic Modeling of Multiple Causal Effectscited by 1
- 2026Jointly Optimizing Debiased CTR and Uplift for Coupons Marketing: A Unified Causal Frameworkcited by 1
12 most cited of 23 All 23 (JSON)
- 2026Doubly Robust Estimation of Causal Effect on CVR with Targeted Regularization13 Aug 2026
- 2026FunnelCausalNet: Funnel-aware Joint Conversion-Revenue Uplift for Multi-tier Coupon Allocation12 Aug 2026
- 2026Cross-Head Attention Uplift Network with Inverse Propensity Score under Unobserved Confounding25 Jun 2026
- 2026VALOR: Value-Aware Revenue Uplift Modeling with Treatment-Gated Representation for B2B Sales2 Apr 2026
- 2026Evaluating Uplift Modeling under Structural Biases: Insights into Metric Stability and Model Robustness21 Mar 2026
- 2026Orthogonal Uplift Learning with Permutation-Invariant Representations for Combinatorial Treatments23 Feb 2026
- 2026Jointly Optimizing Debiased CTR and Uplift for Coupons Marketing: A Unified Causal Framework13 Feb 2026
- 2025A Comparative Study of Model Adaptation Strategies for Multi-Treatment Uplift Modeling3 Nov 2025
- 2025Multi-Treatment-DML: Causal Estimation for Multi-Dimensional Continuous Treatments with Monotonicity Constraints in Personal Loan Risk Optimization4 Aug 2025
- 2025KLAN: Kuaishou Landing-page Adaptive Navigator31 Jul 2025
- 2025Which Company Adjustment Matter? Insights from Uplift Modeling on Financial Health23 Jun 2025
- 2025TSCAN: Context-Aware Uplift Modeling via Two-Stage Training for Online Merchant Business Diagnosis26 Apr 2025
12 newest of 23 All 23 (JSON)