CLIP-VG: Self-paced Curriculum Adapting of CLIP for Visual Grounding
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Abstract (arXiv)
Visual Grounding (VG) is a crucial topic in the field of vision and language, which involves locating a specific region described by expressions within an image. To reduce the reliance on manually labeled data, unsupervised visual grounding have been developed to locate regions using pseudo-labels. However, the performance of existing unsupervised methods is highly dependent on the quality of pseudo-labels and these methods always encounter issues with limited diversity. In order to utilize vision and language pre-trained models to address the grounding problem, and reasonably take advantage of pseudo-labels, we propose CLIP-VG, a novel method that can conduct self-paced curriculum adapting of CLIP with pseudo-language labels. We propose a simple yet efficient end-to-end network architecture to realize the transfer of CLIP to the visual grounding. Based on the CLIP-based architecture, we further propose single-source and multi-source curriculum adapting algorithms, which can progressively find more reliable pseudo-labels to learn an optimal model, thereby achieving a balance between reliability and diversity for the pseudo-language labels. Our method outperforms the current state-of-the-art unsupervised method by a significant margin on RefCOCO/+/g datasets in both single-source and multi-source scenarios, with improvements ranging from 6.78% to 10.67% and 11.39% to 14.87%, respectively. The results even outperform existing weakly supervised visual grounding methods. Furthermore, our method is also competitive in fully supervised setting. The code and models are available at https://github.com/linhuixiao/CLIP-VG.
Key facts. Cited by 35 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 56 of its 69 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 May 2023.
Builds on
56 of 69 references.
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38 more
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- 2021ClipCap: CLIP Prefix for Image Captioningcited by 557
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- 2019Meshed-Memory Transformer for Image Captioningcited by 343
- 2021TransVG: End-to-End Visual Grounding with Transformerscited by 269
- 2021Curriculum Learning: A Surveycited by 257
- 2021CPT: Colorful Prompt Tuning for Pre-trained Vision-Language Modelscited by 182
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- 2016Modeling Relationships in Referential Expressions with Compositional Modular Networkscited by 106
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- 2020Contrastive Learning for Weakly Supervised Phrase Groundingcited by 102
- 2019Learning to Compose and Reason with Language Tree Structures for Visual Groundingcited by 98
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- 2022RelTR: Relation Transformer for Scene Graph Generationcited by 95
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50 most cited of 56 All 56 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 2; 2024: 11; 2025: 13; 2026: 9.
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- 2025UniVG-R1: Reasoning Guided Universal Visual Grounding with Reinforcement Learningcited by 83
- 2024Toward Visual Grounding: A Surveycited by 52
- 2024HiVG: Hierarchical Multimodal Fine-grained Modulation for Visual Groundingcited by 31
- 2024OneRef: Unified One-tower Expression Grounding and Segmentation with Mask Referring Modelingcited by 28
- 2024Curriculum Point Prompting for Weakly-Supervised Referring Image Segmentationcited by 23
- 2024AlignMamba: Enhancing Multimodal Mamba with Local and Global Cross-modal Alignmentcited by 17
- 2025Visual Position Prompt for MLLM based Visual Groundingcited by 16
- 2023Towards Top-Down Reasoning: An Explainable Multi-Agent Approach for Visual Question Answeringcited by 11
- 2025SwimVG: Step-wise Multimodal Fusion and Adaption for Visual Groundingcited by 8
- 2024RAC3: Retrieval-Augmented Corner Case Comprehension for Autonomous Driving with Vision-Language Modelscited by 7
- 2025LENS: Multi-level Evaluation of Multimodal Reasoning with Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2024MaPPER: Multimodal Prior-guided Parameter Efficient Tuning for Referring Expression Comprehensioncited by 6
23 more
- 2025Latent Expression Generation for Referring Image Segmentation and Groundingcited by 6
- 2025DGTRSD & DGTRS-CLIP: A Dual-Granularity Remote Sensing Image-Text Dataset and Vision Language Foundation Model for Alignmentcited by 4
- 2025Gradient-Attention Guided Dual-Masking Synergetic Framework for Robust Text-based Person Retrievalcited by 4
- 2023Weakly-Supervised 3D Visual Grounding based on Visual Language Alignmentcited by 3
- 2025Progressive Language-guided Visual Learning for Multi-Task Visual Groundingcited by 3
- 2025RGBT-GroundBench: Visual Grounding Beyond RGB in Complex Real-World Scenarioscited by 3
- 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Designcited by 3
- 2024Phrase Decoupling Cross-Modal Hierarchical Matching and Progressive Position Correction for Visual Groundingcited by 2
- 2025PathVG: A New Benchmark and Dataset for Pathology Visual Groundingcited by 2
- 2025ORCA: Object Recognition and Comprehension for Archiving Marine Speciescited by 2
- 2026FOCUS: Forcing In-Context Object Localization through Visual Support Constraints and Policy Optimizationcited by 2
- 2024Paint Outside the Box: Synthesizing and Selecting Training Data for Visual Groundingcited by 1
- 2025Ambiguity-Aware and High-Order Relation Learning for Multi-Grained Image-Text Matchingcited by 1
- 2025A Simple and Better Baseline for Visual Groundingcited by 1
- 2026BARE: Towards Bias-Aware and Reasoning-Enhanced One-Tower Visual Groundingcited by 1
- 2026Breaking the Limits of Open-Weight CLIP: An Optimization Framework for Self-supervised Fine-tuning of CLIPcited by 1
- 2024Optimization of Prompt Learning via Multi-Knowledge Representation for Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2024Automatic Prompt Generation and Grounding Object Detection for Zero-Shot Image Anomaly Detectioncited by 0
- 2026See, Act, Adapt: Active Perception for Unsupervised Cross-Domain Visual Adaptation via Personalized VLM-Guided Agentcited by 0
- 2026MedKCO: Medical Vision-Language Pretraining via Knowledge-Driven Cognitive Orchestrationcited by 0
- 2026Urban Risk-Aware Navigation via VQA-Based Event Maps for People with Low Visioncited by 0
- 2026UniRef-UAV: A Multimodal Benchmark for Universal Referring in UAV Imagerycited by 0
- 2026Towards Eliminating Catastrophic Forgetting in the Curriculum Learning of Math Reasoning Taskscited by 0
- 2026Towards Eliminating Catastrophic Forgetting in the Curriculum Learning of Math Reasoning Tasks27 Sep 2026
- 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Design10 Jul 2026
- 2026UniRef-UAV: A Multimodal Benchmark for Universal Referring in UAV Imagery9 Jul 2026
- 2026FOCUS: Forcing In-Context Object Localization through Visual Support Constraints and Policy Optimization29 May 2026
- 2026Urban Risk-Aware Navigation via VQA-Based Event Maps for People with Low Vision12 May 2026
- 2026MedKCO: Medical Vision-Language Pretraining via Knowledge-Driven Cognitive Orchestration10 Mar 2026
- 2026See, Act, Adapt: Active Perception for Unsupervised Cross-Domain Visual Adaptation via Personalized VLM-Guided Agent27 Feb 2026
- 2026Breaking the Limits of Open-Weight CLIP: An Optimization Framework for Self-supervised Fine-tuning of CLIP14 Jan 2026
- 2026BARE: Towards Bias-Aware and Reasoning-Enhanced One-Tower Visual Grounding4 Jan 2026
- 2025RGBT-GroundBench: Visual Grounding Beyond RGB in Complex Real-World Scenarios31 Dec 2025
- 2025ORCA: Object Recognition and Comprehension for Archiving Marine Species24 Dec 2025
- 2025A Simple and Better Baseline for Visual Grounding12 Oct 2025
23 more
- 2025Gradient-Attention Guided Dual-Masking Synergetic Framework for Robust Text-based Person Retrieval11 Sep 2025
- 2025Latent Expression Generation for Referring Image Segmentation and Grounding7 Aug 2025
- 2025Ambiguity-Aware and High-Order Relation Learning for Multi-Grained Image-Text Matching12 Jul 2025
- 2025LENS: Multi-level Evaluation of Multimodal Reasoning with Large Language Models21 May 2025
- 2025UniVG-R1: Reasoning Guided Universal Visual Grounding with Reinforcement Learning20 May 2025
- 2025Progressive Language-guided Visual Learning for Multi-Task Visual Grounding22 Apr 2025
- 2025DGTRSD & DGTRS-CLIP: A Dual-Granularity Remote Sensing Image-Text Dataset and Vision Language Foundation Model for Alignment25 Mar 2025
- 2025Visual Position Prompt for MLLM based Visual Grounding19 Mar 2025
- 2025PathVG: A New Benchmark and Dataset for Pathology Visual Grounding28 Feb 2025
- 2025SwimVG: Step-wise Multimodal Fusion and Adaption for Visual Grounding24 Feb 2025
- 2024Toward Visual Grounding: A Survey28 Dec 2024
- 2024RAC3: Retrieval-Augmented Corner Case Comprehension for Autonomous Driving with Vision-Language Models15 Dec 2024
- 2024AlignMamba: Enhancing Multimodal Mamba with Local and Global Cross-modal Alignment1 Dec 2024
- 2024Paint Outside the Box: Synthesizing and Selecting Training Data for Visual Grounding1 Dec 2024
- 2024Automatic Prompt Generation and Grounding Object Detection for Zero-Shot Image Anomaly Detection28 Nov 2024
- 2024Phrase Decoupling Cross-Modal Hierarchical Matching and Progressive Position Correction for Visual Grounding31 Oct 2024
- 2024OneRef: Unified One-tower Expression Grounding and Segmentation with Mask Referring Modeling10 Oct 2024
- 2024MaPPER: Multimodal Prior-guided Parameter Efficient Tuning for Referring Expression Comprehension20 Sep 2024
- 2024HiVG: Hierarchical Multimodal Fine-grained Modulation for Visual Grounding20 Apr 2024
- 2024Curriculum Point Prompting for Weakly-Supervised Referring Image Segmentation18 Apr 2024
- 2024Optimization of Prompt Learning via Multi-Knowledge Representation for Vision-Language Models16 Apr 2024
- 2023Weakly-Supervised 3D Visual Grounding based on Visual Language Alignment15 Dec 2023
- 2023Towards Top-Down Reasoning: An Explainable Multi-Agent Approach for Visual Question Answering29 Nov 2023
- 2025Visual Position Prompt for MLLM based Visual Groundingcited by 16
- 2024RAC3: Retrieval-Augmented Corner Case Comprehension for Autonomous Driving with Vision-Language Modelscited by 7
- 2025DGTRSD & DGTRS-CLIP: A Dual-Granularity Remote Sensing Image-Text Dataset and Vision Language Foundation Model for Alignmentcited by 4
- 2023Weakly-Supervised 3D Visual Grounding based on Visual Language Alignmentcited by 3
- 2024Optimization of Prompt Learning via Multi-Knowledge Representation for Vision-Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026MedKCO: Medical Vision-Language Pretraining via Knowledge-Driven Cognitive Orchestrationcited by 0
- 2026Urban Risk-Aware Navigation via VQA-Based Event Maps for People with Low Visioncited by 0
- 2026Urban Risk-Aware Navigation via VQA-Based Event Maps for People with Low Vision12 May 2026
- 2026MedKCO: Medical Vision-Language Pretraining via Knowledge-Driven Cognitive Orchestration10 Mar 2026
- 2025DGTRSD & DGTRS-CLIP: A Dual-Granularity Remote Sensing Image-Text Dataset and Vision Language Foundation Model for Alignment25 Mar 2025
- 2025Visual Position Prompt for MLLM based Visual Grounding19 Mar 2025
- 2024RAC3: Retrieval-Augmented Corner Case Comprehension for Autonomous Driving with Vision-Language Models15 Dec 2024
- 2024Optimization of Prompt Learning via Multi-Knowledge Representation for Vision-Language Models16 Apr 2024
- 2023Weakly-Supervised 3D Visual Grounding based on Visual Language Alignment15 Dec 2023
- 2025UniVG-R1: Reasoning Guided Universal Visual Grounding with Reinforcement Learningcited by 83
- 2023Towards Top-Down Reasoning: An Explainable Multi-Agent Approach for Visual Question Answeringcited by 11
- 2025LENS: Multi-level Evaluation of Multimodal Reasoning with Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2026Towards Eliminating Catastrophic Forgetting in the Curriculum Learning of Math Reasoning Taskscited by 0
- 2026Towards Eliminating Catastrophic Forgetting in the Curriculum Learning of Math Reasoning Tasks27 Sep 2026
- 2025LENS: Multi-level Evaluation of Multimodal Reasoning with Large Language Models21 May 2025
- 2025UniVG-R1: Reasoning Guided Universal Visual Grounding with Reinforcement Learning20 May 2025
- 2023Towards Top-Down Reasoning: An Explainable Multi-Agent Approach for Visual Question Answering29 Nov 2023
- 2024Toward Visual Grounding: A Surveycited by 52
- 2024HiVG: Hierarchical Multimodal Fine-grained Modulation for Visual Groundingcited by 31
- 2024OneRef: Unified One-tower Expression Grounding and Segmentation with Mask Referring Modelingcited by 28
- 2024Curriculum Point Prompting for Weakly-Supervised Referring Image Segmentationcited by 23
- 2025SwimVG: Step-wise Multimodal Fusion and Adaption for Visual Groundingcited by 8
- 2024MaPPER: Multimodal Prior-guided Parameter Efficient Tuning for Referring Expression Comprehensioncited by 6
- 2025Latent Expression Generation for Referring Image Segmentation and Groundingcited by 6
- 2025Gradient-Attention Guided Dual-Masking Synergetic Framework for Robust Text-based Person Retrievalcited by 4
- 2025Progressive Language-guided Visual Learning for Multi-Task Visual Groundingcited by 3
- 2025RGBT-GroundBench: Visual Grounding Beyond RGB in Complex Real-World Scenarioscited by 3
- 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Designcited by 3
- 2024Phrase Decoupling Cross-Modal Hierarchical Matching and Progressive Position Correction for Visual Groundingcited by 2
12 most cited of 22 All 22 (JSON)
- 2026A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware-Software Co-Design10 Jul 2026
- 2026UniRef-UAV: A Multimodal Benchmark for Universal Referring in UAV Imagery9 Jul 2026
- 2026FOCUS: Forcing In-Context Object Localization through Visual Support Constraints and Policy Optimization29 May 2026
- 2026Breaking the Limits of Open-Weight CLIP: An Optimization Framework for Self-supervised Fine-tuning of CLIP14 Jan 2026
- 2026BARE: Towards Bias-Aware and Reasoning-Enhanced One-Tower Visual Grounding4 Jan 2026
- 2025RGBT-GroundBench: Visual Grounding Beyond RGB in Complex Real-World Scenarios31 Dec 2025
- 2025ORCA: Object Recognition and Comprehension for Archiving Marine Species24 Dec 2025
- 2025A Simple and Better Baseline for Visual Grounding12 Oct 2025
- 2025Gradient-Attention Guided Dual-Masking Synergetic Framework for Robust Text-based Person Retrieval11 Sep 2025
- 2025Latent Expression Generation for Referring Image Segmentation and Grounding7 Aug 2025
- 2025Ambiguity-Aware and High-Order Relation Learning for Multi-Grained Image-Text Matching12 Jul 2025
- 2025Progressive Language-guided Visual Learning for Multi-Task Visual Grounding22 Apr 2025
12 newest of 22 All 22 (JSON)