Simple and Effective Curriculum Pointer-Generator Networks for Reading Comprehension over Long Narratives
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
This paper tackles the problem of reading comprehension over long narratives where documents easily span over thousands of tokens. We propose a curriculum learning (CL) based Pointer-Generator framework for reading/sampling over large documents, enabling diverse training of the neural model based on the notion of alternating contextual difficulty. This can be interpreted as a form of domain randomization and/or generative pretraining during training. To this end, the usage of the Pointer-Generator softens the requirement of having the answer within the context, enabling us to construct diverse training samples for learning. Additionally, we propose a new Introspective Alignment Layer (IAL), which reasons over decomposed alignments using block-based self-attention. We evaluate our proposed method on the NarrativeQA reading comprehension benchmark, achieving state-of-the-art performance, improving existing baselines by 51% relative improvement on BLEU-4 and 17% relative improvement on Rouge-L. Extensive ablations confirm the effectiveness of our proposed IAL and CL components.
Key facts. Cited by 59 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 26 May 2019.
Builds on
No reference list yet.
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 9; 2022: 16; 2023: 12; 2024: 11; 2025: 6; 2026: 5.
59 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021Curriculum Learning: A Surveycited by 257
- 2025A Survey of Self-Evolving Agents: What, When, How, and Where to Evolve on the Path to Artificial Super Intelligencecited by 155
- 2021Recent Advances in Deep Learning Based Dialogue Systems: A Systematic Surveycited by 130
- 2022Curriculum Temperature for Knowledge Distillationcited by 110
- 2022Efficient Methods for Natural Language Processing: A Surveycited by 78
- 2024Curry-DPO: Enhancing Alignment using Curriculum Learning & Ranked Preferencescited by 39
- 2025Principled Data Selection for Alignment: The Hidden Risks of Difficult Examplescited by 37
- 2021The Stability-Efficiency Dilemma: Investigating Sequence Length Warmup for Training GPT Modelscited by 36
- 2021Preview, Attend and Review: Schema-Aware Curriculum Learning for Multi-Domain Dialog State Trackingcited by 35
- 2023CLIP-VG: Self-paced Curriculum Adapting of CLIP for Visual Groundingcited by 35
- 2024Strategic Data Ordering: Enhancing Large Language Model Performance through Curriculum Learningcited by 28
- 2021Bridging Pre-trained Models and Downstream Tasks for Source Code Understandingcited by 27
38 more
- 2023ASP: Learn a Universal Neural Solver!cited by 27
- 2022A Model-Agnostic Data Manipulation Method for Persona-based Dialogue Generationcited by 25
- 2022CLNode: Curriculum Learning for Node Classificationcited by 24
- 2022An Imitation Learning Curriculum for Text Editing with Non-Autoregressive Modelscited by 20
- 2021Rethinking Search: Making Domain Experts out of Dilettantescited by 18
- 2021Narrative Question Answering with Cutting-Edge Open-Domain QA Techniques: A Comprehensive Studycited by 15
- 2023Curriculum Graph Machine Learning: A Surveycited by 15
- 2022DeepSpeed Data Efficiency: Improving Deep Learning Model Quality and Training Efficiency via Efficient Data Sampling and Routingcited by 13
- 2022Efficient Pre-training of Masked Language Model via Concept-based Curriculum Maskingcited by 12
- 2022Data Selection Curriculum for Neural Machine Translationcited by 11
- 2024MM-CamObj: A Comprehensive Multimodal Dataset for Camouflaged Object Scenarioscited by 10
- 2022Learning Rate Curriculumcited by 9
- 2022When Do Curricula Work in Federated Learning?cited by 9
- 2023Reverse Stable Diffusion: What prompt was used to generate this image?cited by 7
- 2022HiCu: Leveraging Hierarchy for Curriculum Learning in Automated ICD Codingcited by 6
- 2023LCDnet: A Lightweight Crowd Density Estimation Model for Real-time Video Surveillancecited by 6
- 2023Digital Twin-based Anomaly Detection with Curriculum Learning in Cyber-physical Systemscited by 6
- 2025Investigating the Zone of Proximal Development of Language Models for In-Context Learningcited by 6
- 2022CLOSE: Curriculum Learning On the Sharing Extent Towards Better One-shot NAScited by 5
- 2022Training Dynamics for Curriculum Learning: A Study on Monolingual and Cross-lingual NLUcited by 5
- 2024Re-Examine Distantly Supervised NER: A New Benchmark and a Simple Approachcited by 5
- 2024MELT: Materials-aware Continued Pre-training for Language Model Adaptation to Materials Sciencecited by 5
- 2021Mitigating Data Scarceness through Data Synthesis, Augmentation and Curriculum for Abstractive Summarizationcited by 4
- 2023Curriculum-guided Abstractive Summarization for Mental Health Online Postscited by 3
- 2023Curriculum Learning with Adam: The Devil Is in the Wrong Detailscited by 3
- 2024Improving Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer via Progressive Code-Switchingcited by 3
- 2024CBM: Curriculum by Maskingcited by 3
- 2024Does the Definition of Difficulty Matter? Scoring Functions and their Role for Curriculum Learningcited by 3
- 2025Understanding Complexity in VideoQA via Visual Program Generationcited by 3
- 2025Teaching with Lies: Curriculum DPO on Synthetic Negatives for Hallucination Detectioncited by 3
- 2022Accelerating the Training of Video Super-Resolution Modelscited by 2
- 2022LaSQuE: Improved Zero-Shot Classification from Explanations Through Quantifier Modeling and Curriculum Learningcited by 2
- 2023Confidence-Aware Calibration and Scoring Functions for Curriculum Learningcited by 2
- 2023BIOptimus: Pre-training an Optimal Biomedical Language Model with Curriculum Learning for Named Entity Recognitioncited by 2
- 2024Scheduled Curiosity-Deep Dyna-Q: Efficient Exploration for Dialog Policy Learningcited by 2
- 2024Enhancing Spatio-temporal Quantile Forecasting with Curriculum Learning: Lessons Learnedcited by 2
- 2025Layer-Aware Influence for Online Data Valuation Estimationcited by 2
- 2026Demystifying Data Organization for Enhanced LLM Trainingcited by 2
50 most cited of 59 All 59 (JSON)
- 2026ViLegalExpert: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Vietnamese Legal Retrieval and Question Answering from Real-World Consultations30 Sep 2026
- 2026Disentangling Curriculum Learning in NLP: Towards a Unifying Taxonomy21 Jul 2026
- 2026Demystifying Data Organization for Enhanced LLM Training28 May 2026
- 2026Near-optimal and Efficient First-Order Algorithm for Multi-Task Learning with Shared Linear Representation1 May 2026
- 2026Dual-Criterion Curriculum Learning: Application to Temporal Data24 Mar 2026
- 2025Layer-Aware Influence for Online Data Valuation Estimation14 Oct 2025
- 2025A Survey of Self-Evolving Agents: What, When, How, and Where to Evolve on the Path to Artificial Super Intelligence28 Jul 2025
- 2025Teaching with Lies: Curriculum DPO on Synthetic Negatives for Hallucination Detection23 May 2025
- 2025Understanding Complexity in VideoQA via Visual Program Generation19 May 2025
- 2025Principled Data Selection for Alignment: The Hidden Risks of Difficult Examples11 Feb 2025
- 2025Investigating the Zone of Proximal Development of Language Models for In-Context Learning10 Feb 2025
- 2024Does the Definition of Difficulty Matter? Scoring Functions and their Role for Curriculum Learning1 Nov 2024
38 more
- 2024MELT: Materials-aware Continued Pre-training for Language Model Adaptation to Materials Science19 Oct 2024
- 2024MM-CamObj: A Comprehensive Multimodal Dataset for Camouflaged Object Scenarios24 Sep 2024
- 2024Multi-Task Curriculum Graph Contrastive Learning with Clustering Entropy Guidance22 Aug 2024
- 2024CBM: Curriculum by Masking6 Jul 2024
- 2024Improving Zero-Shot Cross-Lingual Transfer via Progressive Code-Switching19 Jun 2024
- 2024Enhancing Spatio-temporal Quantile Forecasting with Curriculum Learning: Lessons Learned18 Jun 2024
- 2024Strategic Data Ordering: Enhancing Large Language Model Performance through Curriculum Learning13 May 2024
- 2024Curry-DPO: Enhancing Alignment using Curriculum Learning & Ranked Preferences12 Mar 2024
- 2024Re-Examine Distantly Supervised NER: A New Benchmark and a Simple Approach22 Feb 2024
- 2024Scheduled Curiosity-Deep Dyna-Q: Efficient Exploration for Dialog Policy Learning31 Jan 2024
- 2023Digital Twin-based Anomaly Detection with Curriculum Learning in Cyber-physical Systems27 Sep 2023
- 2023Curriculum Learning with Adam: The Devil Is in the Wrong Details23 Aug 2023
- 2023BIOptimus: Pre-training an Optimal Biomedical Language Model with Curriculum Learning for Named Entity Recognition16 Aug 2023
- 2023ERNetCL: A novel emotion recognition network in textual conversation based on curriculum learning strategy12 Aug 2023
- 2023Reverse Stable Diffusion: What prompt was used to generate this image?2 Aug 2023
- 2023CLIP-VG: Self-paced Curriculum Adapting of CLIP for Visual Grounding15 May 2023
- 2023ASP: Learn a Universal Neural Solver!1 Mar 2023
- 2023LCDnet: A Lightweight Crowd Density Estimation Model for Real-time Video Surveillance10 Feb 2023
- 2023Curriculum Graph Machine Learning: A Survey6 Feb 2023
- 2023Curriculum-Guided Abstractive Summarization2 Feb 2023
- 2023Curriculum-guided Abstractive Summarization for Mental Health Online Posts2 Feb 2023
- 2023Confidence-Aware Calibration and Scoring Functions for Curriculum Learning29 Jan 2023
- 2022When Do Curricula Work in Federated Learning?24 Dec 2022
- 2022LaSQuE: Improved Zero-Shot Classification from Explanations Through Quantifier Modeling and Curriculum Learning18 Dec 2022
- 2022Efficient Pre-training of Masked Language Model via Concept-based Curriculum Masking15 Dec 2022
- 2022DeepSpeed Data Efficiency: Improving Deep Learning Model Quality and Training Efficiency via Efficient Data Sampling and Routing7 Dec 2022
- 2022Curriculum Temperature for Knowledge Distillation29 Nov 2022
- 2022Training Dynamics for Curriculum Learning: A Study on Monolingual and Cross-lingual NLU22 Oct 2022
- 2022Efficient Methods for Natural Language Processing: A Survey31 Aug 2022
- 2022HiCu: Leveraging Hierarchy for Curriculum Learning in Automated ICD Coding3 Aug 2022
- 2022CLOSE: Curriculum Learning On the Sharing Extent Towards Better One-shot NAS16 Jul 2022
- 2022CLNode: Curriculum Learning for Node Classification15 Jun 2022
- 2022Learning Rate Curriculum18 May 2022
- 2022Accelerating the Training of Video Super-Resolution Models10 May 2022
- 2022A Model-Agnostic Data Manipulation Method for Persona-based Dialogue Generation21 Apr 2022
- 2022Data Selection Curriculum for Neural Machine Translation25 Mar 2022
- 2022An Imitation Learning Curriculum for Text Editing with Non-Autoregressive Models17 Mar 2022
- 2022Efficient Long Sequence Encoding via Synchronization15 Mar 2022
50 newest of 59 All 59 (JSON)
- 2021Curriculum Learning: A Surveycited by 257
- 2021Recent Advances in Deep Learning Based Dialogue Systems: A Systematic Surveycited by 130
- 2022Curriculum Temperature for Knowledge Distillationcited by 110
- 2022Efficient Methods for Natural Language Processing: A Surveycited by 78
- 2021The Stability-Efficiency Dilemma: Investigating Sequence Length Warmup for Training GPT Modelscited by 36
- 2021Preview, Attend and Review: Schema-Aware Curriculum Learning for Multi-Domain Dialog State Trackingcited by 35
- 2023CLIP-VG: Self-paced Curriculum Adapting of CLIP for Visual Groundingcited by 35
- 2024Strategic Data Ordering: Enhancing Large Language Model Performance through Curriculum Learningcited by 28
- 2021Bridging Pre-trained Models and Downstream Tasks for Source Code Understandingcited by 27
- 2023ASP: Learn a Universal Neural Solver!cited by 27
- 2022A Model-Agnostic Data Manipulation Method for Persona-based Dialogue Generationcited by 25
- 2022CLNode: Curriculum Learning for Node Classificationcited by 24
12 most cited of 53 All 53 (JSON)
- 2026ViLegalExpert: A Large-Scale Benchmark for Vietnamese Legal Retrieval and Question Answering from Real-World Consultations30 Sep 2026
- 2026Disentangling Curriculum Learning in NLP: Towards a Unifying Taxonomy21 Jul 2026
- 2026Demystifying Data Organization for Enhanced LLM Training28 May 2026
- 2026Near-optimal and Efficient First-Order Algorithm for Multi-Task Learning with Shared Linear Representation1 May 2026
- 2026Dual-Criterion Curriculum Learning: Application to Temporal Data24 Mar 2026
- 2025Layer-Aware Influence for Online Data Valuation Estimation14 Oct 2025
- 2025Understanding Complexity in VideoQA via Visual Program Generation19 May 2025
- 2025Investigating the Zone of Proximal Development of Language Models for In-Context Learning10 Feb 2025
- 2024Does the Definition of Difficulty Matter? Scoring Functions and their Role for Curriculum Learning1 Nov 2024
- 2024MELT: Materials-aware Continued Pre-training for Language Model Adaptation to Materials Science19 Oct 2024
- 2024Multi-Task Curriculum Graph Contrastive Learning with Clustering Entropy Guidance22 Aug 2024
- 2024CBM: Curriculum by Masking6 Jul 2024
12 newest of 53 All 53 (JSON)