mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

SPTS: Single-Point Text Spotting

arXiv 2112.07917 ↗First posted 15 Dec 2021cs.CVcited by 45

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Abstract (arXiv)

Existing scene text spotting (i.e., end-to-end text detection and recognition) methods rely on costly bounding box annotations (e.g., text-line, word-level, or character-level bounding boxes). For the first time, we demonstrate that training scene text spotting models can be achieved with an extremely low-cost annotation of a single-point for each instance. We propose an end-to-end scene text spotting method that tackles scene text spotting as a sequence prediction task. Given an image as input, we formulate the desired detection and recognition results as a sequence of discrete tokens and use an auto-regressive Transformer to predict the sequence. The proposed method is simple yet effective, which can achieve state-of-the-art results on widely used benchmarks. Most significantly, we show that the performance is not very sensitive to the positions of the point annotation, meaning that it can be much easier to be annotated or even be automatically generated than the bounding box that requires precise positions. We believe that such a pioneer attempt indicates a significant opportunity for scene text spotting applications of a much larger scale than previously possible. The code is available at https://github.com/shannanyinxiang/SPTS.

Key facts. Cited by 45 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 34 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Dec 2021.

Builds on

34 of 47 references.

References · 34

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2020On Layer Normalization in the Transformer Architecturecited by 906
  3. 2016Synthetic Data for Text Localisation in Natural Imagescited by 396
  4. 2021Pix2seq: A Language Modeling Framework for Object Detectioncited by 345
  5. 2019Character Region Awareness for Text Detectioncited by 273
  6. 2017EAST: An Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Detectorcited by 248
  7. 2019Mask TextSpotter: An End-to-End Trainable Neural Network for Spotting Text with Arbitrary Shapescited by 171
  8. 2020ABCNet: Real-time Scene Text Spotting with Adaptive Bezier-Curve Networkcited by 170
  9. 2017Total-Text: A Comprehensive Dataset for Scene Text Detection and Recognitioncited by 161
  10. 2019ICDAR2019 Robust Reading Challenge on Arbitrary-Shaped Text (RRC-ArT)cited by 147
  11. 2019ICDAR2019 Robust Reading Challenge on Multi-lingual Scene Text Detection and Recognition -- RRC-MLT-2019cited by 138
  12. 2019ICDAR 2019 Robust Reading Challenge on Reading Chinese Text on Signboardcited by 127
22 more
  1. 2014Reading Text in the Wild with Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 122
  2. 2019ICDAR 2019 Competition on Large-scale Street View Text with Partial Labeling -- RRC-LSVTcited by 121
  3. 2016TextBoxes: A Fast Text Detector with a Single Deep Neural Networkcited by 119
  4. 2018TextSnake: A Flexible Representation for Detecting Text of Arbitrary Shapescited by 114
  5. 2020Mask TextSpotter v3: Segmentation Proposal Network for Robust Scene Text Spottingcited by 114
  6. 2018FOTS: Fast Oriented Text Spotting with a Unified Networkcited by 109
  7. 2016Detecting Text in Natural Image with Connectionist Text Proposal Networkcited by 85
  8. 2021ABCNet v2: Adaptive Bezier-Curve Network for Real-time End-to-end Text Spottingcited by 84
  9. 2021Fourier Contour Embedding for Arbitrary-Shaped Text Detectioncited by 80
  10. 2019All You Need Is Boundary: Toward Arbitrary-Shaped Text Spottingcited by 66
  11. 2021PAN++: Towards Efficient and Accurate End-to-End Spotting of Arbitrarily-Shaped Textcited by 65
  12. 2019Convolutional Character Networkscited by 61
  13. 2019Towards Unconstrained End-to-End Text Spottingcited by 57
  14. 2017Towards End-to-end Text Spotting with Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 56
  15. 2020MANGO: A Mask Attention Guided One-Stage Scene Text Spottercited by 51
  16. 2018An end-to-end TextSpotter with Explicit Alignment and Attentioncited by 50
  17. 2021PGNet: Real-time Arbitrarily-Shaped Text Spotting with Point Gathering Networkcited by 49
  18. 2020TextRay: Contour-based Geometric Modeling for Arbitrary-shaped Scene Text Detectioncited by 37
  19. 2017Deep Matching Prior Network: Toward Tighter Multi-oriented Text Detectioncited by 31
  20. 2017WordSup: Exploiting Word Annotations for Character based Text Detectioncited by 14
  21. 2017WeText: Scene Text Detection under Weak Supervisioncited by 13
  22. 2017SEE: Towards Semi-Supervised End-to-End Scene Text Recognitioncited by 12

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 15; 2024: 15; 2025: 7; 2026: 5.

45 papers.

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  1. 2025MonkeyOCR: Document Parsing with a Structure-Recognition-Relation Triplet Paradigmcited by 81
  2. 2022DeepSolo: Let Transformer Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for Text Spottingcited by 74
  3. 2024OmniParser: A Unified Framework for Text Spotting, Key Information Extraction and Table Recognitioncited by 74
  4. 2023SPTS v2: Single-Point Scene Text Spottingcited by 66
  5. 2023Exploring OCR Capabilities of GPT-4V(ision) : A Quantitative and In-depth Evaluationcited by 46
  6. 2025dots.ocr: Multilingual Document Layout Parsing in a Single Vision-Language Modelcited by 44
  7. 2023ESTextSpotter: Towards Better Scene Text Spotting with Explicit Synergy in Transformercited by 29
  8. 2023Towards Unified Scene Text Spotting based on Sequence Generationcited by 27
  9. 2025OmniParser V2: Structured-Points-of-Thought for Unified Visual Text Parsing and Its Generality to Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 22
  10. 2022Pointly-Supervised Panoptic Segmentationcited by 20
  11. 2023UPOCR: Towards Unified Pixel-Level OCR Interfacecited by 12
  12. 2023ViTEraser: Harnessing the Power of Vision Transformers for Scene Text Removal with SegMIM Pretrainingcited by 11
33 more
  1. 2024DNTextSpotter: Arbitrary-Shaped Scene Text Spotting via Improved Denoising Trainingcited by 11
  2. 2024ODM: A Text-Image Further Alignment Pre-training Approach for Scene Text Detection and Spottingcited by 10
  3. 2023Turning a CLIP Model into a Scene Text Spottercited by 9
  4. 2024Inverse-like Antagonistic Scene Text Spotting via Reading-Order Estimation and Dynamic Samplingcited by 9
  5. 2024Bridging the Gap Between End-to-End and Two-Step Text Spottingcited by 9
  6. 2023Hierarchical Text Spotter for Joint Text Spotting and Layout Analysiscited by 8
  7. 2024Puzzle Pieces Picker: Deciphering Ancient Chinese Characters with Radical Reconstructioncited by 8
  8. 2023DeepSolo++: Let Transformer Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for Multilingual Text Spottingcited by 7
  9. 2024SwinTextSpotter v2: Towards Better Synergy for Scene Text Spottingcited by 5
  10. 2024Lane2Seq: Towards Unified Lane Detection via Sequence Generationcited by 5
  11. 2024TextBlockV2: Towards Precise-Detection-Free Scene Text Spotting with Pre-trained Language Modelcited by 5
  12. 2025LRANet++: Low-Rank Approximation Network for Accurate and Efficient Text Spottingcited by 4
  13. 2023SCOB: Universal Text Understanding via Character-wise Supervised Contrastive Learning with Online Text Rendering for Bridging Domain Gapcited by 3
  14. 2024WeCromCL: Weakly Supervised Cross-Modality Contrastive Learning for Transcription-only Supervised Text Spottingcited by 3
  15. 2023TextFormer: A Query-based End-to-End Text Spotter with Mixed Supervisioncited by 2
  16. 2023STEP -- Towards Structured Scene-Text Spottingcited by 2
  17. 2024Platypus: A Generalized Specialist Model for Reading Text in Various Formscited by 2
  18. 2025SemiETS: Integrating Spatial and Content Consistencies for Semi-Supervised End-to-end Text Spottingcited by 2
  19. 2022Single Shot Self-Reliant Scene Text Spotter by Decoupled yet Collaborative Detection and Recognitioncited by 1
  20. 2023Looking and Listening: Audio Guided Text Recognitioncited by 1
  21. 2023Progressive Evolution from Single-Point to Polygon for Scene Textcited by 1
  22. 2024Efficiently Leveraging Linguistic Priors for Scene Text Spottingcited by 1
  23. 2025MSTAR: Box-free Multi-query Scene Text Retrieval with Attention Recyclingcited by 1
  24. 2026TDATR: Improving End-to-End Table Recognition via Table Detail-Aware Learning and Cell-Level Visual Alignmentcited by 1
  25. 2023Word length-aware text spotting: Enhancing detection and recognition in dense text imagecited by 0
  26. 2024Ensemble Learning for Vietnamese Scene Text Spotting in Urban Environmentscited by 0
  27. 2024VimTS: A Unified Video and Image Text Spotter for Enhancing the Cross-domain Generalizationcited by 0
  28. 2024Hear the Scene: Audio-Enhanced Text Spottingcited by 0
  29. 2025A Lightweight Context-Driven Training-Free Network for Scene Text Segmentation and Recognitioncited by 0
  30. 2026MeDocVL: A Visual Language Model for Medical Document Understanding and Parsingcited by 0
  31. 2026PositionOCR: Augmenting Positional Awareness in Multi-Modal Models via Hybrid Specialist Integrationcited by 0
  32. 2026Do You Need Text Rectification? Soft Attention Mask Embedding for Rectification-Free Scene Text Spottingcited by 0
  33. 2026SupGRPO: Enhancing GRPO with Matching-based Online SFT for Text Spottingcited by 0