mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

ABCNet v2: Adaptive Bezier-Curve Network for Real-time End-to-end Text Spotting

arXiv 2105.03620 ↗First posted 8 May 2021cs.CVcited by 84

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

End-to-end text-spotting, which aims to integrate detection and recognition in a unified framework, has attracted increasing attention due to its simplicity of the two complimentary tasks. It remains an open problem especially when processing arbitrarily-shaped text instances. Previous methods can be roughly categorized into two groups: character-based and segmentation-based, which often require character-level annotations and/or complex post-processing due to the unstructured output. Here, we tackle end-to-end text spotting by presenting Adaptive Bezier Curve Network v2 (ABCNet v2). Our main contributions are four-fold: 1) For the first time, we adaptively fit arbitrarily-shaped text by a parameterized Bezier curve, which, compared with segmentation-based methods, can not only provide structured output but also controllable representation. 2) We design a novel BezierAlign layer for extracting accurate convolution features of a text instance of arbitrary shapes, significantly improving the precision of recognition over previous methods. 3) Different from previous methods, which often suffer from complex post-processing and sensitive hyper-parameters, our ABCNet v2 maintains a simple pipeline with the only post-processing non-maximum suppression (NMS). 4) As the performance of text recognition closely depends on feature alignment, ABCNet v2 further adopts a simple yet effective coordinate convolution to encode the position of the convolutional filters, which leads to a considerable improvement with negligible computation overhead. Comprehensive experiments conducted on various bilingual (English and Chinese) benchmark datasets demonstrate that ABCNet v2 can achieve state-of-the-art performance while maintaining very high efficiency.

Key facts. Cited by 84 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 61 of its 95 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 May 2021.

Builds on

61 of 95 references.

References · 61

  1. 2015Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networkscited by 9,639
  2. 2017Mask R-CNNcited by 7,277
  3. 2016Feature Pyramid Networks for Object Detectioncited by 5,036
  4. 2014Neural Machine Translation by Jointly Learning to Align and Translatecited by 4,548
  5. 2016Identity Mappings in Deep Residual Networkscited by 1,965
  6. 2019FCOS: Fully Convolutional One-Stage Object Detectioncited by 1,577
  7. 2015Spatial Transformer Networkscited by 1,429
  8. 2019EfficientDet: Scalable and Efficient Object Detectioncited by 1,020
  9. 2019Learned Step Size Quantizationcited by 628
  10. 2015An End-to-End Trainable Neural Network for Image-based Sequence Recognition and Its Application to Scene Text Recognitioncited by 520
  11. 2014Long-term Recurrent Convolutional Networks for Visual Recognition and Descriptioncited by 484
  12. 2018PACT: Parameterized Clipping Activation for Quantized Neural Networkscited by 467
38 more
  1. 2016Synthetic Data for Text Localisation in Natural Imagescited by 396
  2. 2018An Intriguing Failing of Convolutional Neural Networks and the CoordConv Solutioncited by 307
  3. 2019Character Region Awareness for Text Detectioncited by 278
  4. 2017EAST: An Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Detectorcited by 248
  5. 2016COCO-Text: Dataset and Benchmark for Text Detection and Recognition in Natural Imagescited by 236
  6. 2019Real-time Scene Text Detection with Differentiable Binarizationcited by 214
  7. 2019Mask TextSpotter: An End-to-End Trainable Neural Network for Spotting Text with Arbitrary Shapescited by 171
  8. 2020ABCNet: Real-time Scene Text Spotting with Adaptive Bezier-Curve Networkcited by 170
  9. 2019Shape Robust Text Detection with Progressive Scale Expansion Networkcited by 147
  10. 2019ICDAR2019 Robust Reading Challenge on Arbitrary-Shaped Text (RRC-ArT)cited by 147
  11. 2019ICDAR2019 Robust Reading Challenge on Multi-lingual Scene Text Detection and Recognition -- RRC-MLT-2019cited by 139
  12. 2018Show, Attend and Read: A Simple and Strong Baseline for Irregular Text Recognitioncited by 130
  13. 2019ICDAR 2019 Robust Reading Challenge on Reading Chinese Text on Signboardcited by 128
  14. 2019ICDAR 2019 Competition on Large-scale Street View Text with Partial Labeling -- RRC-LSVTcited by 122
  15. 2016Robust Scene Text Recognition with Automatic Rectificationcited by 121
  16. 2016TextBoxes: A Fast Text Detector with a Single Deep Neural Networkcited by 119
  17. 2018TextBoxes++: A Single-Shot Oriented Scene Text Detectorcited by 119
  18. 2018TextSnake: A Flexible Representation for Detecting Text of Arbitrary Shapescited by 114
  19. 2019Efficient and Accurate Arbitrary-Shaped Text Detection with Pixel Aggregation Networkcited by 114
  20. 2020Mask TextSpotter v3: Segmentation Proposal Network for Robust Scene Text Spottingcited by 114
  21. 2018FOTS: Fast Oriented Text Spotting with a Unified Networkcited by 109
  22. 2017ICDAR2017 Competition on Reading Chinese Text in the Wild (RCTW-17)cited by 105
  23. 2019Decoupled Attention Network for Text Recognitioncited by 102
  24. 2016Detecting Text in Natural Image with Connectionist Text Proposal Networkcited by 85
  25. 2020RobustScanner: Dynamically Enhancing Positional Clues for Robust Text Recognitioncited by 85
  26. 2017Detecting Oriented Text in Natural Images by Linking Segmentscited by 80
  27. 2018ESIR: End-to-end Scene Text Recognition via Iterative Image Rectificationcited by 79
  28. 2020Deep Relational Reasoning Graph Network for Arbitrary Shape Text Detectioncited by 77
  29. 2020SCATTER: Selective Context Attentional Scene Text Recognizercited by 69
  30. 2020ContourNet: Taking a Further Step toward Accurate Arbitrary-shaped Scene Text Detectioncited by 69
  31. 2019TextScanner: Reading Characters in Order for Robust Scene Text Recognitioncited by 68
  32. 2019Look More Than Once: An Accurate Detector for Text of Arbitrary Shapescited by 66
  33. 2019All You Need Is Boundary: Toward Arbitrary-Shaped Text Spottingcited by 66
  34. 2019Convolutional Character Networkscited by 61
  35. 2018Scene Text Recognition from Two-Dimensional Perspectivecited by 57
  36. 2019Towards Unconstrained End-to-End Text Spottingcited by 57
  37. 2017Towards End-to-end Text Spotting with Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 56
  38. 2018An end-to-end TextSpotter with Explicit Alignment and Attentioncited by 50

50 most cited of 61 All 61 (JSON)

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 2; 2022: 15; 2023: 23; 2024: 21; 2025: 16; 2026: 7.

84 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2024TextMonkey: An OCR-Free Large Multimodal Model for Understanding Documentcited by 174
  2. 2024OCRBench v2: An Improved Benchmark for Evaluating Large Multimodal Models on Visual Text Localization and Reasoningcited by 173
  3. 2022DeepSolo: Let Transformer Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for Text Spottingcited by 74
  4. 2024OmniParser: A Unified Framework for Text Spotting, Key Information Extraction and Table Recognitioncited by 74
  5. 2022SwinTextSpotter: Scene Text Spotting via Better Synergy between Text Detection and Text Recognitioncited by 70
  6. 2022Text Spotting Transformerscited by 70
  7. 2023SPTS v2: Single-Point Scene Text Spottingcited by 66
  8. 2022DPText-DETR: Towards Better Scene Text Detection with Dynamic Points in Transformercited by 50
  9. 2023Exploring OCR Capabilities of GPT-4V(ision) : A Quantitative and In-depth Evaluationcited by 46
  10. 2021SPTS: Single-Point Text Spottingcited by 45
  11. 2022Towards Weakly-Supervised Text Spotting using a Multi-Task Transformercited by 41
  12. 2022ABINet++: Autonomous, Bidirectional and Iterative Language Modeling for Scene Text Spottingcited by 40
38 more
  1. 2022GLASS: Global to Local Attention for Scene-Text Spottingcited by 34
  2. 2023ESTextSpotter: Towards Better Scene Text Spotting with Explicit Synergy in Transformercited by 29
  3. 2022Language Matters: A Weakly Supervised Vision-Language Pre-training Approach for Scene Text Detection and Spottingcited by 27
  4. 2023Towards Unified Scene Text Spotting based on Sequence Generationcited by 27
  5. 2021TPSNet: Reverse Thinking of Thin Plate Splines for Arbitrary Shape Scene Text Representationcited by 26
  6. 2025OmniParser V2: Structured-Points-of-Thought for Unified Visual Text Parsing and Its Generality to Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 23
  7. 2023CLIPTER: Looking at the Bigger Picture in Scene Text Recognitioncited by 16
  8. 2022COO: Comic Onomatopoeia Dataset for Recognizing Arbitrary or Truncated Textscited by 13
  9. 2024GoMatching: A Simple Baseline for Video Text Spotting via Long and Short Term Matchingcited by 12
  10. 2024DNTextSpotter: Arbitrary-Shaped Scene Text Spotting via Improved Denoising Trainingcited by 11
  11. 2024Arbitrary Reading Order Scene Text Spotter with Local Semantics Guidancecited by 11
  12. 2023MPDIoU: A Loss for Efficient and Accurate Bounding Box Regressioncited by 10
  13. 2024ODM: A Text-Image Further Alignment Pre-training Approach for Scene Text Detection and Spottingcited by 10
  14. 2023Turning a CLIP Model into a Scene Text Spottercited by 9
  15. 2024Inverse-like Antagonistic Scene Text Spotting via Reading-Order Estimation and Dynamic Samplingcited by 9
  16. 2024Bridging the Gap Between End-to-End and Two-Step Text Spottingcited by 9
  17. 2023LRANet: Towards Accurate and Efficient Scene Text Detection with Low-Rank Approximation Networkcited by 8
  18. 2023Hierarchical Text Spotter for Joint Text Spotting and Layout Analysiscited by 8
  19. 2023DeepSolo++: Let Transformer Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for Multilingual Text Spottingcited by 7
  20. 2024InstructOCR: Instruction Boosting Scene Text Spottingcited by 7
  21. 2025Hyper-Local Deformable Transformers for Text Spotting on Historical Mapscited by 7
  22. 2022Arbitrary Shape Text Detection using Transformerscited by 6
  23. 2022CBNet: A Plug-and-Play Network for Segmentation-Based Scene Text Detectioncited by 6
  24. 2023A3S: Adversarial learning of semantic representations for Scene-Text Spottingcited by 6
  25. 2025Text-Aware Image Restoration with Diffusion Modelscited by 6
  26. 2023SRFormer: Text Detection Transformer with Incorporated Segmentation and Regressioncited by 5
  27. 2024SwinTextSpotter v2: Towards Better Synergy for Scene Text Spottingcited by 5
  28. 2024TextBlockV2: Towards Precise-Detection-Free Scene Text Spotting with Pre-trained Language Modelcited by 5
  29. 2025GoMatching++: Parameter- and Data-Efficient Arbitrary-Shaped Video Text Spotting and Benchmarkingcited by 5
  30. 2023DISGO: Automatic End-to-End Evaluation for Scene Text OCRcited by 4
  31. 2025LRANet++: Low-Rank Approximation Network for Accurate and Efficient Text Spottingcited by 4
  32. 2023PBFormer: Capturing Complex Scene Text Shape with Polynomial Band Transformercited by 3
  33. 2024WeCromCL: Weakly Supervised Cross-Modality Contrastive Learning for Transcription-only Supervised Text Spottingcited by 3
  34. 2024Partial Scene Text Retrievalcited by 3
  35. 2025Edge Approximation Text Detectorcited by 3
  36. 2025The Devil is in Fine-tuning and Long-tailed Problems:A New Benchmark for Scene Text Detectioncited by 3
  37. 2025Unified Diffusion Transformer for High-fidelity Text-Aware Image Restorationcited by 3
  38. 2022Text Detection & Recognition in the Wild for Robot Localizationcited by 2

50 most cited of 84 All 84 (JSON)