mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Synthetic Data for Text Localisation in Natural Images

arXiv 1604.06646 ↗First posted 22 Apr 2016cs.CVcited by 396

Not on the map. Why?

Cited by 25 in Multimodal LLMs / vision-language models, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

In this paper we introduce a new method for text detection in natural images. The method comprises two contributions: First, a fast and scalable engine to generate synthetic images of text in clutter. This engine overlays synthetic text to existing background images in a natural way, accounting for the local 3D scene geometry. Second, we use the synthetic images to train a Fully-Convolutional Regression Network (FCRN) which efficiently performs text detection and bounding-box regression at all locations and multiple scales in an image. We discuss the relation of FCRN to the recently-introduced YOLO detector, as well as other end-to-end object detection systems based on deep learning. The resulting detection network significantly out performs current methods for text detection in natural images, achieving an F-measure of 84.2% on the standard ICDAR 2013 benchmark. Furthermore, it can process 15 images per second on a GPU.

Key facts. Cited by 396 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 22 Apr 2016.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 83; 2022: 85; 2023: 80; 2024: 64; 2025: 48; 2026: 36.

396 papers.

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  1. 2022GIT: A Generative Image-to-text Transformer for Vision and Languagecited by 536
  2. 2023OCRBench: On the Hidden Mystery of OCR in Large Multimodal Modelscited by 466
  3. 2021OCR-free Document Understanding Transformercited by 400
  4. 2022Kubric: A scalable dataset generatorcited by 373
  5. 2021TrOCR: Transformer-based Optical Character Recognition with Pre-trained Modelscited by 278
  6. 2023TextDiffuser: Diffusion Models as Text Painterscited by 223
  7. 2021Read Like Humans: Autonomous, Bidirectional and Iterative Language Modeling for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 194
  8. 2025MiniCPM-V 4.5: Cooking Efficient MLLMs via Architecture, Data, and Training Recipecited by 174
  9. 2021TextOCR: Towards large-scale end-to-end reasoning for arbitrary-shaped scene textcited by 170
  10. 2022Scene Text Recognition with Permuted Autoregressive Sequence Modelscited by 148
  11. 2021From Two to One: A New Scene Text Recognizer with Visual Language Modeling Networkcited by 97
  12. 2023KOSMOS-2.5: A Multimodal Literate Modelcited by 95
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  1. 2022Real-Time Scene Text Detection with Differentiable Binarization and Adaptive Scale Fusioncited by 94
  2. 2024Mini-InternVL: A Flexible-Transfer Pocket Multimodal Model with 5% Parameters and 90% Performancecited by 94
  3. 2023REaLTabFormer: Generating Realistic Relational and Tabular Data using Transformerscited by 93
  4. 2022SVTR: Scene Text Recognition with a Single Visual Modelcited by 86
  5. 2021ABCNet v2: Adaptive Bezier-Curve Network for Real-time End-to-end Text Spottingcited by 84
  6. 2021Vision Transformer for Fast and Efficient Scene Text Recognitioncited by 81
  7. 2023SPTS v2: Single-Point Scene Text Spottingcited by 66
  8. 2021PAN++: Towards Efficient and Accurate End-to-End Spotting of Arbitrarily-Shaped Textcited by 65
  9. 2022Few Could Be Better Than All: Feature Sampling and Grouping for Scene Text Detectioncited by 65
  10. 2021What If We Only Use Real Datasets for Scene Text Recognition? Toward Scene Text Recognition With Fewer Labelscited by 63
  11. 2022Transformers in Remote Sensing: A Surveycited by 61
  12. 2023DocILE Benchmark for Document Information Localization and Extractioncited by 58
  13. 2023UDiffText: A Unified Framework for High-quality Text Synthesis in Arbitrary Images via Character-aware Diffusion Modelscited by 58
  14. 2022Disentangling visual and written concepts in CLIPcited by 57
  15. 2023Conditional Text Image Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 57
  16. 2025Scalable Vision Language Model Training via High Quality Data Curationcited by 54
  17. 2021PGNet: Real-time Arbitrarily-Shaped Text Spotting with Point Gathering Networkcited by 49
  18. 2025Perceive Anything: Recognize, Explain, Caption, and Segment Anything in Images and Videoscited by 49
  19. 2021TextStyleBrush: Transfer of Text Aesthetics from a Single Examplecited by 48
  20. 2021Open Images V5 Text Annotation and Yet Another Mask Text Spottercited by 46
  21. 2021Rethinking Text Line Recognition Modelscited by 45
  22. 2021SPTS: Single-Point Text Spottingcited by 45
  23. 2022Reading and Writing: Discriminative and Generative Modeling for Self-Supervised Text Recognitioncited by 45
  24. 2022Toward Understanding WordArt: Corner-Guided Transformer for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 45
  25. 2023Revisiting Scene Text Recognition: A Data Perspectivecited by 45
  26. 2023Turning a CLIP Model into a Scene Text Detectorcited by 44
  27. 2023Improving Diffusion Models for Scene Text Editing with Dual Encoderscited by 44
  28. 2024TextCtrl: Diffusion-based Scene Text Editing with Prior Guidance Controlcited by 44
  29. 2024Document Parsing Unveiled: Techniques, Challenges, and Prospects for Structured Information Extractioncited by 44
  30. 2021SynthTIGER: Synthetic Text Image GEneratoR Towards Better Text Recognition Modelscited by 43
  31. 2021PIMNet: A Parallel, Iterative and Mimicking Network for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 41
  32. 2022Towards Weakly-Supervised Text Spotting using a Multi-Task Transformercited by 41
  33. 2023Brush Your Text: Synthesize Any Scene Text on Images via Diffusion Modelcited by 41
  34. 2022ABINet++: Autonomous, Bidirectional and Iterative Language Modeling for Scene Text Spottingcited by 40
  35. 2023DTrOCR: Decoder-only Transformer for Optical Character Recognitioncited by 40
  36. 2021Text Prior Guided Scene Text Image Super-resolutioncited by 37
  37. 2024HRVDA: High-Resolution Visual Document Assistantcited by 37
  38. 2021CDistNet: Perceiving Multi-Domain Character Distance for Robust Text Recognitioncited by 36

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