mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Towards Unconstrained End-to-End Text Spotting

arXiv 1908.09231 ↗First posted 24 Aug 2019cs.CVcited by 57

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Abstract (arXiv)

We propose an end-to-end trainable network that can simultaneously detect and recognize text of arbitrary shape, making substantial progress on the open problem of reading scene text of irregular shape. We formulate arbitrary shape text detection as an instance segmentation problem; an attention model is then used to decode the textual content of each irregularly shaped text region without rectification. To extract useful irregularly shaped text instance features from image scale features, we propose a simple yet effective RoI masking step. Additionally, we show that predictions from an existing multi-step OCR engine can be leveraged as partially labeled training data, which leads to significant improvements in both the detection and recognition accuracy of our model. Our method surpasses the state-of-the-art for end-to-end recognition tasks on the ICDAR15 (straight) benchmark by 4.6%, and on the Total-Text (curved) benchmark by more than 16%.

Key facts. Cited by 57 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 24 Aug 2019.

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 14; 2022: 16; 2023: 12; 2024: 12; 2025: 2; 2026: 1.

57 papers.

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  1. 2021TextOCR: Towards large-scale end-to-end reasoning for arbitrary-shaped scene textcited by 171
  2. 2022Towards End-to-End Unified Scene Text Detection and Layout Analysiscited by 97
  3. 2021ABCNet v2: Adaptive Bezier-Curve Network for Real-time End-to-end Text Spottingcited by 84
  4. 2022DeepSolo: Let Transformer Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for Text Spottingcited by 74
  5. 2024OmniParser: A Unified Framework for Text Spotting, Key Information Extraction and Table Recognitioncited by 74
  6. 2022SwinTextSpotter: Scene Text Spotting via Better Synergy between Text Detection and Text Recognitioncited by 70
  7. 2022Text Spotting Transformerscited by 70
  8. 2022ScreenQA: Large-Scale Question-Answer Pairs over Mobile App Screenshotscited by 66
  9. 2023SPTS v2: Single-Point Scene Text Spottingcited by 66
  10. 2021PAN++: Towards Efficient and Accurate End-to-End Spotting of Arbitrarily-Shaped Textcited by 65
  11. 2021SPTS: Single-Point Text Spottingcited by 45
  12. 2022Towards Weakly-Supervised Text Spotting using a Multi-Task Transformercited by 41
38 more
  1. 2022ABINet++: Autonomous, Bidirectional and Iterative Language Modeling for Scene Text Spottingcited by 40
  2. 2022GLASS: Global to Local Attention for Scene-Text Spottingcited by 34
  3. 2023ESTextSpotter: Towards Better Scene Text Spotting with Explicit Synergy in Transformercited by 29
  4. 2021TPSNet: Reverse Thinking of Thin Plate Splines for Arbitrary Shape Scene Text Representationcited by 26
  5. 2021Mask is All You Need: Rethinking Mask R-CNN for Dense and Arbitrary-Shaped Scene Text Detectioncited by 23
  6. 2023ICDAR 2023 Competition on Hierarchical Text Detection and Recognitioncited by 23
  7. 2025OmniParser V2: Structured-Points-of-Thought for Unified Visual Text Parsing and Its Generality to Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 23
  8. 2021A Full-Stack Search Technique for Domain Optimized Deep Learning Acceleratorscited by 19
  9. 2021A Multiplexed Network for End-to-End, Multilingual OCRcited by 18
  10. 2021It's About Time: Analog Clock Reading in the Wildcited by 14
  11. 2024Layout Agnostic Scene Text Image Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 14
  12. 2021CentripetalText: An Efficient Text Instance Representation for Scene Text Detectioncited by 13
  13. 2025When Semantics Mislead Vision: Mitigating Large Multimodal Models Hallucinations in Scene Text Spotting and Understandingcited by 12
  14. 2022Out-of-Vocabulary Challenge Reportcited by 11
  15. 2023MPDIoU: A Loss for Efficient and Accurate Bounding Box Regressioncited by 10
  16. 2023Turning a CLIP Model into a Scene Text Spottercited by 9
  17. 2024Inverse-like Antagonistic Scene Text Spotting via Reading-Order Estimation and Dynamic Samplingcited by 9
  18. 2024Bridging the Gap Between End-to-End and Two-Step Text Spottingcited by 9
  19. 2023Hierarchical Text Spotter for Joint Text Spotting and Layout Analysiscited by 8
  20. 2021ARTS: Eliminating Inconsistency between Text Detection and Recognition with Auto-Rectification Text Spottercited by 7
  21. 2022DEER: Detection-agnostic End-to-End Recognizer for Scene Text Spottingcited by 7
  22. 2021Implicit Feature Alignment: Learn to Convert Text Recognizer to Text Spottercited by 5
  23. 2024SwinTextSpotter v2: Towards Better Synergy for Scene Text Spottingcited by 5
  24. 2024TextBlockV2: Towards Precise-Detection-Free Scene Text Spotting with Pre-trained Language Modelcited by 5
  25. 2022OCR-RTPS: An OCR-based real-time positioning system for the valet parkingcited by 4
  26. 2022Task Grouping for Multilingual Text Recognitioncited by 3
  27. 2024Partial Scene Text Retrievalcited by 3
  28. 2022Text Detection & Recognition in the Wild for Robot Localizationcited by 2
  29. 2022Dynamic Low-Resolution Distillation for Cost-Efficient End-to-End Text Spottingcited by 2
  30. 2023TextFormer: A Query-based End-to-End Text Spotter with Mixed Supervisioncited by 2
  31. 2023Diving into the Depths of Spotting Text in Multi-Domain Noisy Scenescited by 2
  32. 2024Text Grouping Adapter: Adapting Pre-trained Text Detector for Layout Analysiscited by 2
  33. 2024Platypus: A Generalized Specialist Model for Reading Text in Various Formscited by 2
  34. 2024FastTextSpotter: A High-Efficiency Transformer for Multilingual Scene Text Spottingcited by 2
  35. 2021DUET: Detection Utilizing Enhancement for Text in Scanned or Captured Documentscited by 1
  36. 2022E^2VTS: Energy-Efficient Video Text Spotting from Unmanned Aerial Vehiclescited by 1
  37. 2022Single Shot Self-Reliant Scene Text Spotter by Decoupled yet Collaborative Detection and Recognitioncited by 1
  38. 2023Harnessing the Power of Multi-Lingual Datasets for Pre-training: Towards Enhancing Text Spotting Performancecited by 1

50 most cited of 57 All 57 (JSON)