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FOTS: Fast Oriented Text Spotting with a Unified Network

arXiv 1801.01671 ↗First posted 5 Jan 2018cs.CVcited by 109

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Abstract (arXiv)

Incidental scene text spotting is considered one of the most difficult and valuable challenges in the document analysis community. Most existing methods treat text detection and recognition as separate tasks. In this work, we propose a unified end-to-end trainable Fast Oriented Text Spotting (FOTS) network for simultaneous detection and recognition, sharing computation and visual information among the two complementary tasks. Specially, RoIRotate is introduced to share convolutional features between detection and recognition. Benefiting from convolution sharing strategy, our FOTS has little computation overhead compared to baseline text detection network, and the joint training method learns more generic features to make our method perform better than these two-stage methods. Experiments on ICDAR 2015, ICDAR 2017 MLT, and ICDAR 2013 datasets demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods significantly, which further allows us to develop the first real-time oriented text spotting system which surpasses all previous state-of-the-art results by more than 5% on ICDAR 2015 text spotting task while keeping 22.6 fps.

Key facts. Cited by 109 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 5 Jan 2018.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 24; 2022: 32; 2023: 19; 2024: 19; 2025: 9; 2026: 6.

109 papers.

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  1. 2021Rethinking Rotated Object Detection with Gaussian Wasserstein Distance Losscited by 156
  2. 2022MMRotate: A Rotated Object Detection Benchmark using PyTorchcited by 115
  3. 2023DocPedia: Unleashing the Power of Large Multimodal Model in the Frequency Domain for Versatile Document Understandingcited by 106
  4. 2021ABCNet v2: Adaptive Bezier-Curve Network for Real-time End-to-end Text Spottingcited by 84
  5. 2022DeepSolo: Let Transformer Decoder with Explicit Points Solo for Text Spottingcited by 74
  6. 2024OmniParser: A Unified Framework for Text Spotting, Key Information Extraction and Table Recognitioncited by 74
  7. 2022SwinTextSpotter: Scene Text Spotting via Better Synergy between Text Detection and Text Recognitioncited by 70
  8. 2022Text Spotting Transformerscited by 70
  9. 2024TabPedia: Towards Comprehensive Visual Table Understanding with Concept Synergycited by 70
  10. 2023SPTS v2: Single-Point Scene Text Spottingcited by 66
  11. 2021PAN++: Towards Efficient and Accurate End-to-End Spotting of Arbitrarily-Shaped Textcited by 65
  12. 2021PGNet: Real-time Arbitrarily-Shaped Text Spotting with Point Gathering Networkcited by 49
38 more
  1. 2021SPTS: Single-Point Text Spottingcited by 45
  2. 2022Phase-Shifting Coder: Predicting Accurate Orientation in Oriented Object Detectioncited by 43
  3. 2022Towards Weakly-Supervised Text Spotting using a Multi-Task Transformercited by 41
  4. 2022ABINet++: Autonomous, Bidirectional and Iterative Language Modeling for Scene Text Spottingcited by 40
  5. 2022Detecting Rotated Objects as Gaussian Distributions and Its 3-D Generalizationcited by 36
  6. 2022GLASS: Global to Local Attention for Scene-Text Spottingcited by 34
  7. 2022Optimal Boxes: Boosting End-to-End Scene Text Recognition by Adjusting Annotated Bounding Boxes via Reinforcement Learningcited by 33
  8. 2023ESTextSpotter: Towards Better Scene Text Spotting with Explicit Synergy in Transformercited by 29
  9. 2022Arbitrary Shape Text Detection via Boundary Transformercited by 28
  10. 2023H2RBox-v2: Incorporating Symmetry for Boosting Horizontal Box Supervised Oriented Object Detectioncited by 28
  11. 2022Language Matters: A Weakly Supervised Vision-Language Pre-training Approach for Scene Text Detection and Spottingcited by 27
  12. 2022PreSTU: Pre-Training for Scene-Text Understandingcited by 27
  13. 2023Towards Unified Scene Text Spotting based on Sequence Generationcited by 27
  14. 2021TPSNet: Reverse Thinking of Thin Plate Splines for Arbitrary Shape Scene Text Representationcited by 26
  15. 2021A Bilingual, OpenWorld Video Text Dataset and End-to-end Video Text Spotter with Transformercited by 26
  16. 2023PointOBB: Learning Oriented Object Detection via Single Point Supervisioncited by 25
  17. 2021De-rendering Stylized Textscited by 24
  18. 2025OmniParser V2: Structured-Points-of-Thought for Unified Visual Text Parsing and Its Generality to Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 22
  19. 2022End-to-End Video Text Spotting with Transformercited by 21
  20. 2023Point2RBox: Combine Knowledge from Synthetic Visual Patterns for End-to-end Oriented Object Detection with Single Point Supervisioncited by 21
  21. 2021A Multiplexed Network for End-to-End, Multilingual OCRcited by 18
  22. 2022Kernel Proposal Network for Arbitrary Shape Text Detectioncited by 17
  23. 2021RSDet++: Point-based Modulated Loss for More Accurate Rotated Object Detectioncited by 16
  24. 2021Industrial Scene Text Detection with Refined Feature-attentive Networkcited by 16
  25. 2021Scene Text Retrieval via Joint Text Detection and Similarity Learningcited by 15
  26. 2022Arbitrary Shape Text Detection via Segmentation with Probability Mapscited by 15
  27. 2021It's About Time: Analog Clock Reading in the Wildcited by 14
  28. 2022TextDCT: Arbitrary-Shaped Text Detection via Discrete Cosine Transform Maskcited by 13
  29. 2025RSAR: Restricted State Angle Resolver and Rotated SAR Benchmarkcited by 12
  30. 2022CapOnImage: Context-driven Dense-Captioning on Imagecited by 11
  31. 2022Unified Chinese License Plate Detection and Recognition with High Efficiencycited by 11
  32. 2024DNTextSpotter: Arbitrary-Shaped Scene Text Spotting via Improved Denoising Trainingcited by 11
  33. 2025Point2RBox-v2: Rethinking Point-supervised Oriented Object Detection with Spatial Layout Among Instancescited by 11
  34. 2024ODM: A Text-Image Further Alignment Pre-training Approach for Scene Text Detection and Spottingcited by 10
  35. 2023Turning a CLIP Model into a Scene Text Spottercited by 9
  36. 2024Inverse-like Antagonistic Scene Text Spotting via Reading-Order Estimation and Dynamic Samplingcited by 9
  37. 2024Bridging the Gap Between End-to-End and Two-Step Text Spottingcited by 9
  38. 2025PointOBB-v3: Expanding Performance Boundaries of Single Point-Supervised Oriented Object Detectioncited by 9

50 most cited of 109 All 109 (JSON)