Do Different Tracking Tasks Require Different Appearance Models?
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Tracking objects of interest in a video is one of the most popular and widely applicable problems in computer vision. However, with the years, a Cambrian explosion of use cases and benchmarks has fragmented the problem in a multitude of different experimental setups. As a consequence, the literature has fragmented too, and now novel approaches proposed by the community are usually specialised to fit only one specific setup. To understand to what extent this specialisation is necessary, in this work we present UniTrack, a solution to address five different tasks within the same framework. UniTrack consists of a single and task-agnostic appearance model, which can be learned in a supervised or self-supervised fashion, and multiple ``heads'' that address individual tasks and do not require training. We show how most tracking tasks can be solved within this framework, and that the same appearance model can be successfully used to obtain results that are competitive against specialised methods for most of the tasks considered. The framework also allows us to analyse appearance models obtained with the most recent self-supervised methods, thus extending their evaluation and comparison to a larger variety of important problems.
Key facts. Cited by 62 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 88 of its 116 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Jul 2021.
Builds on
88 of 116 references.
References · 88
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- 2019Self-Supervised Learning of Pretext-Invariant Representationscited by 808
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- 2020Prototypical Contrastive Learning of Unsupervised Representationscited by 640
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- 2019Self-labelling via simultaneous clustering and representation learningcited by 528
- 2020FairMOT: On the Fairness of Detection and Re-Identification in Multiple Object Trackingcited by 490
- 2020Tracking Objects as Pointscited by 483
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- 2018TrackingNet: A Large-Scale Dataset and Benchmark for Object Tracking in the Wildcited by 343
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50 most cited of 88 All 88 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 12; 2023: 21; 2024: 14; 2025: 8; 2026: 3.
62 papers.
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- 2021ByteTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Associating Every Detection Boxcited by 823
- 2023Perception Test: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Multimodal Video Modelscited by 314
- 2022Towards Grand Unification of Object Trackingcited by 93
- 2023Robust Object Modeling for Visual Trackingcited by 80
- 2022Video K-Net: A Simple, Strong, and Unified Baseline for Video Segmentationcited by 79
- 2024OneTracker: Unifying Visual Object Tracking with Foundation Models and Efficient Tuningcited by 65
- 2024Matching Anything by Segmenting Anythingcited by 50
- 2023SparseTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Performing Scene Decomposition based on Pseudo-Depthcited by 48
- 2023Advances in Deep Concealed Scene Understandingcited by 47
- 2023Panoptic Video Scene Graph Generationcited by 46
- 2022Simple Cues Lead to a Strong Multi-Object Trackercited by 44
- 2021PolyphonicFormer: Unified Query Learning for Depth-aware Video Panoptic Segmentationcited by 36
38 more
- 2022Learning Pixel Trajectories with Multiscale Contrastive Random Walkscited by 36
- 2022Self-Supervised Learning via Maximum Entropy Codingcited by 33
- 2022Unified Transformer Tracker for Object Trackingcited by 31
- 2024UniVS: Unified and Universal Video Segmentation with Prompts as Queriescited by 27
- 2022JRDB-Pose: A Large-scale Dataset for Multi-Person Pose Estimation and Trackingcited by 25
- 2023Tube-Link: A Flexible Cross Tube Framework for Universal Video Segmentationcited by 23
- 2023DropMAE: Learning Representations via Masked Autoencoders with Spatial-Attention Dropout for Temporal Matching Taskscited by 22
- 20244D Panoptic Scene Graph Generationcited by 22
- 2023TOPIC: A Parallel Association Paradigm for Multi-Object Tracking under Complex Motions and Diverse Scenescited by 21
- 2023ByteTrackV2: 2D and 3D Multi-Object Tracking by Associating Every Detection Boxcited by 20
- 2023OmniTracker: Unifying Object Tracking by Tracking-with-Detectioncited by 19
- 2022Sound Localization by Self-Supervised Time Delay Estimationcited by 18
- 2022A Simple and Powerful Global Optimization for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentationcited by 15
- 2024Multi-Object Tracking in the Darkcited by 14
- 2025Person Recognition at Altitude and Range: Fusion of Face, Body Shape and Gaitcited by 14
- 2022Spatial-then-Temporal Self-Supervised Learning for Video Correspondencecited by 13
- 2023Uncertainty-aware Unsupervised Multi-Object Trackingcited by 12
- 2024Multiview Scene Graphcited by 9
- 2024Motion-aware Contrastive Learning for Temporal Panoptic Scene Graph Generationcited by 9
- 2024Learning Data Association for Multi-Object Tracking using Only Coordinatescited by 8
- 2023The 2nd Workshop on Maritime Computer Vision (MaCVi) 2024cited by 7
- 2022Transfer of Representations to Video Label Propagation: Implementation Factors Mattercited by 5
- 2023Integrating Boxes and Masks: A Multi-Object Framework for Unified Visual Tracking and Segmentationcited by 5
- 2023Difference-Masking: Choosing What to Mask in Continued Pretrainingcited by 4
- 2024Prototypical Transformer as Unified Motion Learnerscited by 4
- 2024Walker: Self-supervised Multiple Object Tracking by Walking on Temporal Appearance Graphscited by 4
- 2022Cannot See the Forest for the Trees: Aggregating Multiple Viewpoints to Better Classify Objects in Videoscited by 2
- 2024Enhancing In-vehicle Multiple Object Tracking Systems with Embeddable Ising Machinescited by 2
- 2025Hi-Dyna Graph: Hierarchical Dynamic Scene Graph for Robotic Autonomy in Human-Centric Environmentscited by 2
- 2025UNO: Unifying One-stage Video Scene Graph Generation via Object-Centric Visual Representation Learningcited by 2
- 2021Multi-Object Tracking and Segmentation with a Space-Time Memory Networkcited by 1
- 2023UTOPIA: Unconstrained Tracking Objects without Preliminary Examination via Cross-Domain Adaptationcited by 1
- 2023ReIDTrack: Multi-Object Track and Segmentation Without Motioncited by 1
- 2023Towards Efficient Training with Negative Samples in Visual Trackingcited by 1
- 2024On the Universality of Self-Supervised Learningcited by 1
- 2024DINTR: Tracking via Diffusion-based Interpolationcited by 1
- 2025PoseBH: Prototypical Multi-Dataset Training Beyond Human Pose Estimationcited by 1
- 2025SAM 2++: Tracking Anything at Any Granularitycited by 1
50 most cited of 62 All 62 (JSON)
- 2026VLA-ReID: Video-Level Association for Re-Identification in Multi-Object Tracking with Highly Similar Objects19 Jul 2026
- 2026GateMOT: Q-Gated Attention for Dense Object Tracking29 Apr 2026
- 2026GLAD: Generative Language-Assisted Visual Tracking for Low-Semantic Templates31 Jan 2026
- 2025Tracking and Segmenting Anything in Any Modality22 Nov 2025
- 2025Click2Graph: Interactive Panoptic Video Scene Graphs from a Single Click20 Nov 2025
- 2025SOTFormer: A Minimal Transformer for Unified Object Tracking and Trajectory Prediction14 Nov 2025
- 2025SAM 2++: Tracking Anything at Any Granularity21 Oct 2025
- 2025UNO: Unifying One-stage Video Scene Graph Generation via Object-Centric Visual Representation Learning7 Sep 2025
- 2025Hi-Dyna Graph: Hierarchical Dynamic Scene Graph for Robotic Autonomy in Human-Centric Environments30 May 2025
- 2025PoseBH: Prototypical Multi-Dataset Training Beyond Human Pose Estimation23 May 2025
- 2025Person Recognition at Altitude and Range: Fusion of Face, Body Shape and Gait7 May 2025
- 2024Motion-aware Contrastive Learning for Temporal Panoptic Scene Graph Generation10 Dec 2024
38 more
- 2024Enhancing In-vehicle Multiple Object Tracking Systems with Embeddable Ising Machines18 Oct 2024
- 2024Multiview Scene Graph15 Oct 2024
- 2024DINTR: Tracking via Diffusion-based Interpolation14 Oct 2024
- 2024Walker: Self-supervised Multiple Object Tracking by Walking on Temporal Appearance Graphs25 Sep 2024
- 2024Matching Anything by Segmenting Anything6 Jun 2024
- 2024Prototypical Transformer as Unified Motion Learners3 Jun 2024
- 2024Beyond Traditional Single Object Tracking: A Survey16 May 2024
- 20244D Panoptic Scene Graph Generation16 May 2024
- 2024Multi-Object Tracking in the Dark10 May 2024
- 2024On the Universality of Self-Supervised Learning2 May 2024
- 2024OneTracker: Unifying Visual Object Tracking with Foundation Models and Efficient Tuning14 Mar 2024
- 2024Learning Data Association for Multi-Object Tracking using Only Coordinates12 Mar 2024
- 2024UniVS: Unified and Universal Video Segmentation with Prompts as Queries28 Feb 2024
- 2023Perception Test 2023: A Summary of the First Challenge And Outcome20 Dec 2023
- 2023Panoptic Video Scene Graph Generation28 Nov 2023
- 2023The 2nd Workshop on Maritime Computer Vision (MaCVi) 202423 Nov 2023
- 2023ReIDTracker Sea: the technical report of BoaTrack and SeaDronesSee-MOT challenge at MaCVi of WACV2412 Nov 2023
- 2023Towards Efficient Training with Negative Samples in Visual Tracking6 Sep 2023
- 2023Integrating Boxes and Masks: A Multi-Object Framework for Unified Visual Tracking and Segmentation25 Aug 2023
- 2023TOPIC: A Parallel Association Paradigm for Multi-Object Tracking under Complex Motions and Diverse Scenes22 Aug 2023
- 2023Robust Object Modeling for Visual Tracking9 Aug 2023
- 20231st Place Solution for CVPR2023 BURST Long Tail and Open World Challenges8 Aug 2023
- 2023ReIDTrack: Multi-Object Track and Segmentation Without Motion3 Aug 2023
- 2023Uncertainty-aware Unsupervised Multi-Object Tracking28 Jul 2023
- 2023UTOPIA: Unconstrained Tracking Objects without Preliminary Examination via Cross-Domain Adaptation16 Jun 2023
- 2023SparseTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Performing Scene Decomposition based on Pseudo-Depth8 Jun 2023
- 2023Difference-Masking: Choosing What to Mask in Continued Pretraining23 May 2023
- 2023Perception Test: A Diagnostic Benchmark for Multimodal Video Models23 May 2023
- 2023Advances in Deep Concealed Scene Understanding21 Apr 2023
- 2023DropMAE: Learning Representations via Masked Autoencoders with Spatial-Attention Dropout for Temporal Matching Tasks2 Apr 2023
- 2023ByteTrackV2: 2D and 3D Multi-Object Tracking by Associating Every Detection Box27 Mar 2023
- 2023Tube-Link: A Flexible Cross Tube Framework for Universal Video Segmentation22 Mar 2023
- 2023OmniTracker: Unifying Object Tracking by Tracking-with-Detection21 Mar 2023
- 2023Unified Perception: Efficient Depth-Aware Video Panoptic Segmentation with Minimal Annotation Costs3 Mar 2023
- 2022JRDB-Pose: A Large-scale Dataset for Multi-Person Pose Estimation and Tracking20 Oct 2022
- 2022Self-Supervised Learning via Maximum Entropy Coding20 Oct 2022
- 2022A Simple and Powerful Global Optimization for Unsupervised Video Object Segmentation19 Sep 2022
- 2022Spatial-then-Temporal Self-Supervised Learning for Video Correspondence16 Sep 2022
50 newest of 62 All 62 (JSON)
- 2024DINTR: Tracking via Diffusion-based Interpolationcited by 1
- 2024DINTR: Tracking via Diffusion-based Interpolation14 Oct 2024
- 2021ByteTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Associating Every Detection Boxcited by 823
- 2022Towards Grand Unification of Object Trackingcited by 93
- 2023Robust Object Modeling for Visual Trackingcited by 80
- 2022Video K-Net: A Simple, Strong, and Unified Baseline for Video Segmentationcited by 79
- 2024OneTracker: Unifying Visual Object Tracking with Foundation Models and Efficient Tuningcited by 65
- 2024Matching Anything by Segmenting Anythingcited by 50
- 2023SparseTrack: Multi-Object Tracking by Performing Scene Decomposition based on Pseudo-Depthcited by 48
- 2023Advances in Deep Concealed Scene Understandingcited by 47
- 2023Panoptic Video Scene Graph Generationcited by 46
- 2022Simple Cues Lead to a Strong Multi-Object Trackercited by 44
- 2021PolyphonicFormer: Unified Query Learning for Depth-aware Video Panoptic Segmentationcited by 36
- 2022Learning Pixel Trajectories with Multiscale Contrastive Random Walkscited by 36
12 most cited of 60 All 60 (JSON)
- 2026VLA-ReID: Video-Level Association for Re-Identification in Multi-Object Tracking with Highly Similar Objects19 Jul 2026
- 2026GateMOT: Q-Gated Attention for Dense Object Tracking29 Apr 2026
- 2026GLAD: Generative Language-Assisted Visual Tracking for Low-Semantic Templates31 Jan 2026
- 2025Tracking and Segmenting Anything in Any Modality22 Nov 2025
- 2025Click2Graph: Interactive Panoptic Video Scene Graphs from a Single Click20 Nov 2025
- 2025SOTFormer: A Minimal Transformer for Unified Object Tracking and Trajectory Prediction14 Nov 2025
- 2025SAM 2++: Tracking Anything at Any Granularity21 Oct 2025
- 2025UNO: Unifying One-stage Video Scene Graph Generation via Object-Centric Visual Representation Learning7 Sep 2025
- 2025Hi-Dyna Graph: Hierarchical Dynamic Scene Graph for Robotic Autonomy in Human-Centric Environments30 May 2025
- 2025PoseBH: Prototypical Multi-Dataset Training Beyond Human Pose Estimation23 May 2025
- 2025Person Recognition at Altitude and Range: Fusion of Face, Body Shape and Gait7 May 2025
- 2024Motion-aware Contrastive Learning for Temporal Panoptic Scene Graph Generation10 Dec 2024
12 newest of 60 All 60 (JSON)