TrackingNet: A Large-Scale Dataset and Benchmark for Object Tracking in the Wild
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Abstract (arXiv)
Despite the numerous developments in object tracking, further development of current tracking algorithms is limited by small and mostly saturated datasets. As a matter of fact, data-hungry trackers based on deep-learning currently rely on object detection datasets due to the scarcity of dedicated large-scale tracking datasets. In this work, we present TrackingNet, the first large-scale dataset and benchmark for object tracking in the wild. We provide more than 30K videos with more than 14 million dense bounding box annotations. Our dataset covers a wide selection of object classes in broad and diverse context. By releasing such a large-scale dataset, we expect deep trackers to further improve and generalize. In addition, we introduce a new benchmark composed of 500 novel videos, modeled with a distribution similar to our training dataset. By sequestering the annotation of the test set and providing an online evaluation server, we provide a fair benchmark for future development of object trackers. Deep trackers fine-tuned on a fraction of our dataset improve their performance by up to 1.6% on OTB100 and up to 1.7% on TrackingNet Test. We provide an extensive benchmark on TrackingNet by evaluating more than 20 trackers. Our results suggest that object tracking in the wild is far from being solved.
Key facts. Cited by 342 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 28 Mar 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 56; 2022: 53; 2023: 56; 2024: 67; 2025: 65; 2026: 45.
342 papers.
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- 2021Ego4D: Around the World in 3,000 Hours of Egocentric Videocited by 1,530
- 2021Transformer Trackingcited by 412
- 2021Learning Spatio-Temporal Transformer for Visual Trackingcited by 348
- 2022Joint Feature Learning and Relation Modeling for Tracking: A One-Stream Frameworkcited by 328
- 2022MixFormer: End-to-End Tracking with Iterative Mixed Attentioncited by 278
- 2021Transformer Meets Tracker: Exploiting Temporal Context for Robust Visual Trackingcited by 220
- 2023Universal Instance Perception as Object Discovery and Retrievalcited by 190
- 2023Visual Prompt Multi-Modal Trackingcited by 141
- 2022AiATrack: Attention in Attention for Transformer Visual Trackingcited by 137
- 2023SportsMOT: A Large Multi-Object Tracking Dataset in Multiple Sports Scenescited by 130
- 2024ODTrack: Online Dense Temporal Token Learning for Visual Trackingcited by 129
- 2021SwinTrack: A Simple and Strong Baseline for Transformer Trackingcited by 126
38 more
- 2021Towards More Flexible and Accurate Object Tracking with Natural Language: Algorithms and Benchmarkcited by 124
- 2022Backbone is All Your Need: A Simplified Architecture for Visual Object Trackingcited by 119
- 2022Transforming Model Prediction for Trackingcited by 117
- 2022Revealing the Dark Secrets of Masked Image Modelingcited by 117
- 2025Streaming Video Question-Answering with In-context Video KV-Cache Retrievalcited by 112
- 2021LasHeR: A Large-scale High-diversity Benchmark for RGBT Trackingcited by 94
- 2022Towards Grand Unification of Object Trackingcited by 93
- 2023Generalized Relation Modeling for Transformer Trackingcited by 93
- 2021STMTrack: Template-free Visual Tracking with Space-time Memory Networkscited by 91
- 2024SAMURAI: Adapting Segment Anything Model for Zero-Shot Visual Tracking with Motion-Aware Memorycited by 91
- 2022Visible-Thermal UAV Tracking: A Large-Scale Benchmark and New Baselinecited by 90
- 2021LightTrack: Finding Lightweight Neural Networks for Object Tracking via One-Shot Architecture Searchcited by 82
- 2023Robust Object Modeling for Visual Trackingcited by 80
- 2024Autoregressive Queries for Adaptive Tracking with Spatio-TemporalTransformerscited by 76
- 2022Transformer Tracking with Cyclic Shifting Window Attentioncited by 75
- 2023HIPTrack: Visual Tracking with Historical Promptscited by 71
- 2024Tracking Meets LoRA: Faster Training, Larger Model, Stronger Performancecited by 70
- 2021Learn to Match: Automatic Matching Network Design for Visual Trackingcited by 67
- 2021DepthTrack : Unveiling the Power of RGBD Trackingcited by 66
- 2023Single-Model and Any-Modality for Video Object Trackingcited by 64
- 2024OneTracker: Unifying Visual Object Tracking with Foundation Models and Efficient Tuningcited by 64
- 2021Do Different Tracking Tasks Require Different Appearance Models?cited by 62
- 2022Correlation-Aware Deep Trackingcited by 62
- 2023Joint Visual Grounding and Tracking with Natural Language Specificationcited by 59
- 2022Prompting for Multi-Modal Trackingcited by 58
- 2023MixFormerV2: Efficient Fully Transformer Trackingcited by 56
- 2024Exploiting Multimodal Spatial-temporal Patterns for Video Object Trackingcited by 55
- 2023Exploring Lightweight Hierarchical Vision Transformers for Efficient Visual Trackingcited by 53
- 2022Revisiting Color-Event based Tracking: A Unified Network, Dataset, and Metriccited by 51
- 2023Compact Transformer Tracker with Correlative Masked Modelingcited by 50
- 2024Explicit Visual Prompts for Visual Object Trackingcited by 50
- 2021Efficient Visual Tracking with Exemplar Transformerscited by 48
- 2024Elysium: Exploring Object-level Perception in Videos via MLLMcited by 48
- 2021Visual Object Tracking with Discriminative Filters and Siamese Networks: A Survey and Outlookcited by 45
- 2022RGBD1K: A Large-scale Dataset and Benchmark for RGB-D Object Trackingcited by 42
- 2021FEAR: Fast, Efficient, Accurate and Robust Visual Trackercited by 38
- 2022Robust Visual Tracking by Segmentationcited by 38
- 2022SparseTT: Visual Tracking with Sparse Transformerscited by 36
50 most cited of 342 All 342 (JSON)
- 2026LoopTrack: A Simple Baseline for Parameter-Efficient Transformer Tracking27 Sep 2026
- 2026SBMVTrack: Spike-Budgeted Multi-View Learning for Power-Efficient UAV Tracking21 Sep 2026
- 2026Continuous Token-Level Spatio-Temporal Context Modeling for Visual Object Tracking7 Sep 2026
- 2026Learning to Track from Privileged Target Appearances2 Sep 2026
- 2026Video-FLAIR: Not Whether to Reason, But How27 Aug 2026
- 2026MaST: Motion-aware Sparse Pipeline for Lightweight Object Tracking25 Aug 2026
- 2026Annotations as Rollouts: Efficient and Scalable Reinforcement Learning for Video MLLMs20 Aug 2026
- 2026Towards Compact Unified Multimodal Tracking: Synergizing Knowledge Distillation with Structural Pruning2 Aug 2026
- 2026Models as Tools: An Agentic Coordination Framework for Unified Multimodal Visual Tracking1 Aug 2026
- 2026Semantic-Aware Temporal Adaptation for UAV Anti-UAV Tracking29 Jul 2026
- 2026Counterfactual Motion Reliability Learning for Robust UAV Tracking25 Jul 2026
- 2026DRGBT-1K: A Large-scale High-quality Benchmark for Dynamic RGBT Tracking22 Jul 2026
38 more
- 2026Cross-Modal UAV Object Tracking: State-Aware Representation Learning and A Unified Benchmark21 Jul 2026
- 2026SUMO: Segment and Track Any Motion with Nonlinear State Space Models29 Jun 2026
- 2026Efficient Spatio-Temporal Grounding with Multimodal Large Models via Second-Level Tracking and RL Verification27 Jun 2026
- 2026SENTRY: SAM2-Enhanced Neighbor-Aware and Temporally Reasoned Memory for Visual Tracking23 Jun 2026
- 20264DVLT: Dynamic Scene Understanding with Worldline-Centered Vision-Language Tracking21 Jun 2026
- 2026Dual-branch Distilled Transformer for Efficient Asymmetric UAV Tracking27 May 2026
- 2026Leveraging Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Unsupervised Visual Object Tracking26 May 2026
- 2026Segment Anything with Motion, Geometry, and Semantic Adaptation for Complex Nonlinear Visual Object Tracking21 May 2026
- 2026An Efficient Token Compression Framework for Visual Object Tracking8 May 2026
- 2026RELO: Reinforcement Learning to Localize for Visual Object Tracking8 May 2026
- 2026Boosting Self-Supervised Tracking with Contextual Prompts and Noise Learning7 May 2026
- 2026Unified Multimodal Visual Tracking with Dual Mixture-of-Experts5 May 2026
- 2026A Vision-Language-Action Model for Adaptive Ultrasound-Guided Needle Insertion and Needle Tracking22 Apr 2026
- 2026Attention Is not Everything: Efficient Alternatives for Vision19 Apr 2026
- 2026PhyEdit: Towards Real-World Object Manipulation via Physically-Grounded Image Editing8 Apr 2026
- 2026Drift-Resilient Temporal Priors for Visual Tracking3 Apr 2026
- 2026Interactive Tracking: A Human-in-the-Loop Paradigm with Memory-Augmented Adaptation2 Apr 2026
- 2026STATrack: A Target-Aware Fully Spiking Neural Network for Efficient UAV Tracking29 Mar 2026
- 2026Dual Prompt-Driven Feature Encoding for Nighttime UAV Tracking20 Mar 2026
- 2026Video Understanding: From Geometry and Semantics to Unified Models18 Mar 2026
- 2026Uni-MDTrack: Learning Decoupled Memory and Dynamic States for Parameter-Efficient Visual Tracking in All Modality15 Mar 2026
- 2026UETrack: A Unified and Efficient Framework for Single Object Tracking2 Mar 2026
- 2026SpikeTrack: A Spike-driven Framework for Efficient Visual Tracking27 Feb 2026
- 2026UniE2F: A Unified Diffusion Framework for Event-to-Frame Reconstruction with Video Foundation Models22 Feb 2026
- 2026MUOT_3M: A 3 Million Frame Multimodal Underwater Benchmark and the MUTrack Tracking Method20 Feb 2026
- 2026Layer-Guided UAV Tracking: Enhancing Efficiency and Occlusion Robustness14 Feb 2026
- 2026Detecting Object Tracking Failure via Sequential Hypothesis Testing13 Feb 2026
- 2026GOT-Edit: Geometry-Aware Generic Object Tracking via Online Model Editing9 Feb 2026
- 2026FARTrack: Fast Autoregressive Visual Tracking with High Performance3 Feb 2026
- 2026SMTrack: State-Aware Mamba for Efficient Temporal Modeling in Visual Tracking2 Feb 2026
- 2026GLAD: Generative Language-Assisted Visual Tracking for Low-Semantic Templates31 Jan 2026
- 2026Exploring Reliable Spatiotemporal Dependencies for Efficient Visual Tracking14 Jan 2026
- 2026VideoLoom: A Video Large Language Model for Joint Spatial-Temporal Understanding12 Jan 2026
- 2025Rethinking Memory Design in SAM-Based Visual Object Tracking27 Dec 2025
- 2025Enabling Disaggregated Multi-Stage MLLM Inference via GPU-Internal Scheduling and Resource Sharing19 Dec 2025
- 2025MMSI-Video-Bench: A Holistic Benchmark for Video-Based Spatial Intelligence11 Dec 2025
- 2025How Far are Modern Trackers from UAV-Anti-UAV? A Million-Scale Benchmark and New Baseline8 Dec 2025
- 2025Infrared UAV Target Tracking with Dynamic Feature Refinement and Global Contextual Attention Knowledge Distillation4 Dec 2025
50 newest of 342 All 342 (JSON)
- 2024Exploring Enhanced Contextual Information for Video-Level Object Trackingcited by 36
- 2024Robust Tracking via Mamba-based Context-aware Token Learningcited by 15
- 2024MambaVT: Spatio-Temporal Contextual Modeling for robust RGB-T Trackingcited by 14
- 2024MambaEVT: Event Stream based Visual Object Tracking using State Space Modelcited by 11
- 2024MambaTrack: Exploiting Dual-Enhancement for Night UAV Trackingcited by 5
- 2024MambaXCTrack: Mamba-based Tracker with SSM Cross-correlation and Motion Prompt for Ultrasound Needle Trackingcited by 4
- 2024MambaNUT: Nighttime UAV Tracking via Mamba-based Adaptive Curriculum Learningcited by 2
- 2025MrTrack: Register Mamba for Needle Tracking with Rapid Reciprocating Motion during Ultrasound-Guided Aspiration Biopsycited by 2
- 2026SMTrack: State-Aware Mamba for Efficient Temporal Modeling in Visual Trackingcited by 1
- 2026SMTrack: State-Aware Mamba for Efficient Temporal Modeling in Visual Tracking2 Feb 2026
- 2025MrTrack: Register Mamba for Needle Tracking with Rapid Reciprocating Motion during Ultrasound-Guided Aspiration Biopsy14 May 2025
- 2024Robust Tracking via Mamba-based Context-aware Token Learning18 Dec 2024
- 2024Exploring Enhanced Contextual Information for Video-Level Object Tracking15 Dec 2024
- 2024MambaNUT: Nighttime UAV Tracking via Mamba-based Adaptive Curriculum Learning1 Dec 2024
- 2024MambaTrack: Exploiting Dual-Enhancement for Night UAV Tracking24 Nov 2024
- 2024MambaXCTrack: Mamba-based Tracker with SSM Cross-correlation and Motion Prompt for Ultrasound Needle Tracking13 Nov 2024
- 2024MambaEVT: Event Stream based Visual Object Tracking using State Space Model20 Aug 2024
- 2024MambaVT: Spatio-Temporal Contextual Modeling for robust RGB-T Tracking15 Aug 2024
- 2024Diff-Tracker: Text-to-Image Diffusion Models are Unsupervised Trackerscited by 24
- 2024DaDiff: Domain-aware Diffusion Model for Nighttime UAV Trackingcited by 1
- 2026UniE2F: A Unified Diffusion Framework for Event-to-Frame Reconstruction with Video Foundation Modelscited by 1
- 2026Leveraging Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Unsupervised Visual Object Trackingcited by 1
- 2026Leveraging Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Unsupervised Visual Object Tracking26 May 2026
- 2026UniE2F: A Unified Diffusion Framework for Event-to-Frame Reconstruction with Video Foundation Models22 Feb 2026
- 2024DaDiff: Domain-aware Diffusion Model for Nighttime UAV Tracking16 Oct 2024
- 2024Diff-Tracker: Text-to-Image Diffusion Models are Unsupervised Trackers11 Jul 2024
- 2024Elysium: Exploring Object-level Perception in Videos via MLLMcited by 48
- 2025Migician: Revealing the Magic of Free-Form Multi-Image Grounding in Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 22
- 2025Enabling Disaggregated Multi-Stage MLLM Inference via GPU-Internal Scheduling and Resource Sharingcited by 1
- 2025Enabling Disaggregated Multi-Stage MLLM Inference via GPU-Internal Scheduling and Resource Sharing19 Dec 2025
- 2025Migician: Revealing the Magic of Free-Form Multi-Image Grounding in Multimodal Large Language Models10 Jan 2025
- 2024Elysium: Exploring Object-level Perception in Videos via MLLM25 Mar 2024
- 2021Ego4D: Around the World in 3,000 Hours of Egocentric Videocited by 1,530
- 2021Transformer Trackingcited by 412
- 2021Learning Spatio-Temporal Transformer for Visual Trackingcited by 348
- 2022Joint Feature Learning and Relation Modeling for Tracking: A One-Stream Frameworkcited by 328
- 2022MixFormer: End-to-End Tracking with Iterative Mixed Attentioncited by 278
- 2021Transformer Meets Tracker: Exploiting Temporal Context for Robust Visual Trackingcited by 220
- 2023Universal Instance Perception as Object Discovery and Retrievalcited by 190
- 2023Visual Prompt Multi-Modal Trackingcited by 141
- 2022AiATrack: Attention in Attention for Transformer Visual Trackingcited by 137
- 2023SportsMOT: A Large Multi-Object Tracking Dataset in Multiple Sports Scenescited by 130
- 2024ODTrack: Online Dense Temporal Token Learning for Visual Trackingcited by 129
- 2021SwinTrack: A Simple and Strong Baseline for Transformer Trackingcited by 126
12 most cited of 319 All 319 (JSON)
- 2026LoopTrack: A Simple Baseline for Parameter-Efficient Transformer Tracking27 Sep 2026
- 2026SBMVTrack: Spike-Budgeted Multi-View Learning for Power-Efficient UAV Tracking21 Sep 2026
- 2026Continuous Token-Level Spatio-Temporal Context Modeling for Visual Object Tracking7 Sep 2026
- 2026Learning to Track from Privileged Target Appearances2 Sep 2026
- 2026Video-FLAIR: Not Whether to Reason, But How27 Aug 2026
- 2026MaST: Motion-aware Sparse Pipeline for Lightweight Object Tracking25 Aug 2026
- 2026Towards Compact Unified Multimodal Tracking: Synergizing Knowledge Distillation with Structural Pruning2 Aug 2026
- 2026Semantic-Aware Temporal Adaptation for UAV Anti-UAV Tracking29 Jul 2026
- 2026Counterfactual Motion Reliability Learning for Robust UAV Tracking25 Jul 2026
- 2026DRGBT-1K: A Large-scale High-quality Benchmark for Dynamic RGBT Tracking22 Jul 2026
- 2026Cross-Modal UAV Object Tracking: State-Aware Representation Learning and A Unified Benchmark21 Jul 2026
- 2026SUMO: Segment and Track Any Motion with Nonlinear State Space Models29 Jun 2026
12 newest of 319 All 319 (JSON)