Deep Interactive Object Selection
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Abstract (arXiv)
Interactive object selection is a very important research problem and has many applications. Previous algorithms require substantial user interactions to estimate the foreground and background distributions. In this paper, we present a novel deep learning based algorithm which has a much better understanding of objectness and thus can reduce user interactions to just a few clicks. Our algorithm transforms user provided positive and negative clicks into two Euclidean distance maps which are then concatenated with the RGB channels of images to compose (image, user interactions) pairs. We generate many of such pairs by combining several random sampling strategies to model user click patterns and use them to fine tune deep Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs). Finally the output probability maps of our FCN 8s model is integrated with graph cut optimization to refine the boundary segments. Our model is trained on the PASCAL segmentation dataset and evaluated on other datasets with different object classes. Experimental results on both seen and unseen objects clearly demonstrate that our algorithm has a good generalization ability and is superior to all existing interactive object selection approaches.
Key facts. Cited by 160 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 13 Mar 2016.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 31; 2022: 16; 2023: 50; 2024: 37; 2025: 16; 2026: 10.
160 papers.
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- 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,158
- 2023Segment Everything Everywhere All at Oncecited by 546
- 2023Medical SAM Adapter: Adapting Segment Anything Model for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 485
- 2021A Survey of Human-in-the-loop for Machine Learningcited by 214
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- 2021Reviving Iterative Training with Mask Guidance for Interactive Segmentationcited by 162
- 2021A Survey on Deep Learning Technique for Video Segmentationcited by 132
- 2021Modular Interactive Video Object Segmentation: Interaction-to-Mask, Propagation and Difference-Aware Fusioncited by 129
- 2022SimpleClick: Interactive Image Segmentation with Simple Vision Transformerscited by 109
- 2022FocalClick: Towards Practical Interactive Image Segmentationcited by 101
- 2023Caption Anything: Interactive Image Description with Diverse Multimodal Controlscited by 98
38 more
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- 2021MIDeepSeg: Minimally Interactive Segmentation of Unseen Objects from Medical Images Using Deep Learningcited by 45
- 2022PseudoClick: Interactive Image Segmentation with Click Imitationcited by 42
- 2021EdgeFlow: Achieving Practical Interactive Segmentation with Edge-Guided Flowcited by 40
- 2023A review of uncertainty quantification in medical image analysis: probabilistic and non-probabilistic methodscited by 39
- 2022MONAI Label: A framework for AI-assisted Interactive Labeling of 3D Medical Imagescited by 38
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- 2023AGILE3D: Attention Guided Interactive Multi-object 3D Segmentationcited by 33
- 2021Fully Convolutional Networks for Panoptic Segmentation with Point-based Supervisioncited by 31
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- 2021iSegFormer: Interactive Segmentation via Transformers with Application to 3D Knee MR Imagescited by 27
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- 2022Interactive Object Segmentation in 3D Point Cloudscited by 23
- 2022From colouring-in to pointillism: revisiting semantic segmentation supervisioncited by 22
- 2021Inter Extreme Points Geodesics for End-to-End Weakly Supervised Image Segmentationcited by 21
- 2023InterFormer: Real-time Interactive Image Segmentationcited by 20
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- 2022DIAL: Deep Interactive and Active Learning for Semantic Segmentation in Remote Sensingcited by 17
- 2023CFR-ICL: Cascade-Forward Refinement with Iterative Click Loss for Interactive Image Segmentationcited by 17
- 2023Focused and Collaborative Feedback Integration for Interactive Image Segmentationcited by 17
- 2024Interactive 3D Medical Image Segmentation with SAM 2cited by 17
- 2022Active Pointly-Supervised Instance Segmentationcited by 15
- 2021Personal Fixations-Based Object Segmentation with Object Localization and Boundary Preservationcited by 14
- 2022Interactive Multi-Class Tiny-Object Detectioncited by 14
- 2023Interactive Segmentation as Gaussian Process Classificationcited by 14
- 2023DynaMITe: Dynamic Query Bootstrapping for Multi-object Interactive Segmentation Transformercited by 14
- 2023Boundary-aware Supervoxel-level Iteratively Refined Interactive 3D Image Segmentation with Multi-agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 13
- 2023DeepEdit: Deep Editable Learning for Interactive Segmentation of 3D Medical Imagescited by 13
- 2024GraCo: Granularity-Controllable Interactive Segmentationcited by 13
- 2021Probabilistic Attention for Interactive Segmentationcited by 12
50 most cited of 160 All 160 (JSON)
- 2026FiVOS: A Fish Segmentation Algorithm Based on Interactive Video Object Segmentation and Filter Enhancement1 Oct 2026
- 2026XFlow: A Workflow Model for Instruction-Guided Lesion Segmentation in Chest X-rays28 Sep 2026
- 2026DropClick: Semi-Automated One-Click Segmentation for Agricultural Robotic Data3 Sep 2026
- 2026Whole-Slide Image Analysis under Realistic Few-Shot Annotation Protocols31 Aug 2026
- 2026ISRS-DETR: Detection-Guided Click Propagation for Remote Sensing Interactive Segmentation3 Aug 2026
- 2026SAM+D: Parameter-Efficient Dimensional Lifting of SAM-Family Models via Depth-Routed LoRA and Depth Shifting31 Jul 2026
- 2026iSAGE: A Human-in-the-Loop Framework for Remote Sensing Semantic Segmentation via Sparse Point Supervision8 Jun 2026
- 2026From Static to Interactive: Adapting Visual in-Context Learners for User-Driven Tasks8 Apr 2026
- 2026SCISSR: Scribble-Conditioned Interactive Surgical Segmentation and Refinement19 Mar 2026
- 2026ActiveFreq: Integrating Active Learning and Frequency Domain Analysis for Interactive Segmentation12 Mar 2026
- 2025Beyond Endpoints: Path-Centric Reasoning for Vectorized Off-Road Network Extraction11 Dec 2025
- 2025VFM-ISRefiner: Towards Better Adapting Vision Foundation Models for Interactive Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images30 Nov 2025
38 more
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- 2025Inter2Former: Dynamic Hybrid Attention for Efficient High-Precision Interactive13 Jul 2025
- 2025FocalClick-XL: Towards Unified and High-quality Interactive Segmentation17 Jun 2025
- 2025PromptTSS: A Prompting-Based Approach for Interactive Multi-Granularity Time Series Segmentation12 Jun 2025
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- 2025Easy3D: A Simple Yet Effective Method for 3D Interactive Segmentation15 Apr 2025
- 2025Evaluation framework for Image Segmentation Algorithms6 Apr 2025
- 2025BiPrompt-SAM: Enhancing Image Segmentation via Explicit Selection between Point and Text Prompts25 Mar 2025
- 2025RefCut: Interactive Segmentation with Reference Guidance22 Mar 2025
- 2025M2N2V2: Multi-Modal Unsupervised and Training-free Interactive Segmentation20 Mar 2025
- 2025SAMRI-2: A Memory-based Model for Cartilage and Meniscus Segmentation in 3D MRIs of the Knee Joint14 Feb 2025
- 2024MultiverSeg: Scalable Interactive Segmentation of Biomedical Imaging Datasets with In-Context Guidance19 Dec 2024
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- 2024Repurposing Stable Diffusion Attention for Training-Free Unsupervised Interactive Segmentation15 Nov 2024
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- 2024Order-aware Interactive Segmentation16 Oct 2024
- 2024RClicks: Realistic Click Simulation for Benchmarking Interactive Segmentation15 Oct 2024
- 2024Interactive4D: Interactive 4D LiDAR Segmentation10 Oct 2024
- 2024A Simple Image Segmentation Framework via In-Context Examples7 Oct 2024
- 2024Global-Local Medical SAM Adaptor Based on Full Adaption26 Sep 2024
- 2024Interactive Occlusion Boundary Estimation through Exploitation of Synthetic Data27 Aug 2024
- 2024SAM-REF: Introducing Image-Prompt Synergy during Interaction for Detail Enhancement in the Segment Anything Model21 Aug 2024
- 2024Beyond Full Labels: Energy-Double-Guided Single-Point Prompt for Infrared Small Target Label Generation15 Aug 2024
- 2024ClickAttention: Click Region Similarity Guided Interactive Segmentation12 Aug 2024
- 2024Fusing Forces: Deep-Human-Guided Refinement of Segmentation Masks6 Aug 2024
- 2024Interactive 3D Medical Image Segmentation with SAM 25 Aug 2024
- 2024Strike the Balance: On-the-Fly Uncertainty based User Interactions for Long-Term Video Object Segmentation31 Jul 2024
- 2024Towards Efficient Pixel Labeling for Industrial Anomaly Detection and Localization3 Jul 2024
- 2024TraceNet: Segment one thing efficiently21 Jun 2024
- 2024Learning from Exemplars for Interactive Image Segmentation17 Jun 2024
- 2024FocSAM: Delving Deeply into Focused Objects in Segmenting Anything29 May 2024
- 2024Structured Click Control in Transformer-based Interactive Segmentation7 May 2024
- 2024Visual Grounding Methods for Efficient Interaction with Desktop Graphical User Interfaces5 May 2024
- 2024GraCo: Granularity-Controllable Interactive Segmentation1 May 2024
- 2024Clicks2Line: Using Lines for Interactive Image Segmentation29 Apr 2024
50 newest of 160 All 160 (JSON)
- 2023Segment Anythingcited by 8,158
- 2023Segment Everything Everywhere All at Oncecited by 546
- 2023Medical SAM Adapter: Adapting Segment Anything Model for Medical Image Segmentationcited by 485
- 2021A Survey of Human-in-the-loop for Machine Learningcited by 214
- 2023SegGPT: Segmenting Everything In Contextcited by 193
- 2023Semantic-SAM: Segment and Recognize Anything at Any Granularitycited by 185
- 2021Reviving Iterative Training with Mask Guidance for Interactive Segmentationcited by 162
- 2021A Survey on Deep Learning Technique for Video Segmentationcited by 132
- 2021Modular Interactive Video Object Segmentation: Interaction-to-Mask, Propagation and Difference-Aware Fusioncited by 129
- 2022SimpleClick: Interactive Image Segmentation with Simple Vision Transformerscited by 109
- 2022FocalClick: Towards Practical Interactive Image Segmentationcited by 101
- 2023Caption Anything: Interactive Image Description with Diverse Multimodal Controlscited by 98
12 most cited of 158 All 158 (JSON)
- 2026FiVOS: A Fish Segmentation Algorithm Based on Interactive Video Object Segmentation and Filter Enhancement1 Oct 2026
- 2026XFlow: A Workflow Model for Instruction-Guided Lesion Segmentation in Chest X-rays28 Sep 2026
- 2026DropClick: Semi-Automated One-Click Segmentation for Agricultural Robotic Data3 Sep 2026
- 2026Whole-Slide Image Analysis under Realistic Few-Shot Annotation Protocols31 Aug 2026
- 2026ISRS-DETR: Detection-Guided Click Propagation for Remote Sensing Interactive Segmentation3 Aug 2026
- 2026SAM+D: Parameter-Efficient Dimensional Lifting of SAM-Family Models via Depth-Routed LoRA and Depth Shifting31 Jul 2026
- 2026iSAGE: A Human-in-the-Loop Framework for Remote Sensing Semantic Segmentation via Sparse Point Supervision8 Jun 2026
- 2026From Static to Interactive: Adapting Visual in-Context Learners for User-Driven Tasks8 Apr 2026
- 2026SCISSR: Scribble-Conditioned Interactive Surgical Segmentation and Refinement19 Mar 2026
- 2026ActiveFreq: Integrating Active Learning and Frequency Domain Analysis for Interactive Segmentation12 Mar 2026
- 2025Beyond Endpoints: Path-Centric Reasoning for Vectorized Off-Road Network Extraction11 Dec 2025
- 2025VFM-ISRefiner: Towards Better Adapting Vision Foundation Models for Interactive Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images30 Nov 2025
12 newest of 158 All 158 (JSON)