mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

The MegaFace Benchmark: 1 Million Faces for Recognition at Scale

arXiv 1512.00596 ↗First posted 2 Dec 2015cs.CVcited by 199

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Abstract (arXiv)

Recent face recognition experiments on a major benchmark LFW show stunning performance--a number of algorithms achieve near to perfect score, surpassing human recognition rates. In this paper, we advocate evaluations at the million scale (LFW includes only 13K photos of 5K people). To this end, we have assembled the MegaFace dataset and created the first MegaFace challenge. Our dataset includes One Million photos that capture more than 690K different individuals. The challenge evaluates performance of algorithms with increasing numbers of distractors (going from 10 to 1M) in the gallery set. We present both identification and verification performance, evaluate performance with respect to pose and a person's age, and compare as a function of training data size (number of photos and people). We report results of state of the art and baseline algorithms. Our key observations are that testing at the million scale reveals big performance differences (of algorithms that perform similarly well on smaller scale) and that age invariant recognition as well as pose are still challenging for most. The MegaFace dataset, baseline code, and evaluation scripts, are all publicly released for further experimentations at: megaface.cs.washington.edu.

Key facts. Cited by 199 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 2 Dec 2015.

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Citing papers per year: 2021: 57; 2022: 55; 2023: 43; 2024: 24; 2025: 14; 2026: 6.

199 papers.

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  1. 2021Domain Generalization: A Surveycited by 760
  2. 2023Poisoning Web-Scale Training Datasets is Practicalcited by 276
  3. 2021WebFace260M: A Benchmark Unveiling the Power of Million-Scale Deep Face Recognitioncited by 221
  4. 2021ElasticFace: Elastic Margin Loss for Deep Face Recognitioncited by 143
  5. 2021SynFace: Face Recognition with Synthetic Datacited by 106
  6. 2021Reduced, Reused and Recycled: The Life of a Dataset in Machine Learning Researchcited by 100
  7. 2021LowKey: Leveraging Adversarial Attacks to Protect Social Media Users from Facial Recognitioncited by 92
  8. 2022DigiFace-1M: 1 Million Digital Face Images for Face Recognitioncited by 92
  9. 2022Physical Adversarial Attack meets Computer Vision: A Decade Surveycited by 66
  10. 2022SFace: Privacy-friendly and Accurate Face Recognition using Synthetic Datacited by 63
  11. 2021Countering Malicious DeepFakes: Survey, Battleground, and Horizoncited by 56
  12. 2022Meta Balanced Network for Fair Face Recognitioncited by 53
38 more
  1. 2021FaceX-Zoo: A PyTorch Toolbox for Face Recognitioncited by 49
  2. 2023RenderMe-360: A Large Digital Asset Library and Benchmarks Towards High-fidelity Head Avatarscited by 45
  3. 2021SphereFace2: Binary Classification is All You Need for Deep Face Recognitioncited by 42
  4. 2022WebFace260M: A Benchmark for Million-Scale Deep Face Recognitioncited by 41
  5. 2021RepMLP: Re-parameterizing Convolutions into Fully-connected Layers for Image Recognitioncited by 40
  6. 2021MixFaceNets: Extremely Efficient Face Recognition Networkscited by 36
  7. 2021PocketNet: Extreme Lightweight Face Recognition Network using Neural Architecture Search and Multi-Step Knowledge Distillationcited by 36
  8. 2023DyGait: Exploiting Dynamic Representations for High-performance Gait Recognitioncited by 35
  9. 2021Cross-Quality LFW: A Database for Analyzing Cross-Resolution Image Face Recognition in Unconstrained Environmentscited by 33
  10. 2021Meta-Teacher For Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 33
  11. 2022Generative Domain Adaptation for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 33
  12. 2021When Age-Invariant Face Recognition Meets Face Age Synthesis: A Multi-Task Learning Frameworkcited by 29
  13. 2022Adaptive Mixture of Experts Learning for Generalizable Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 28
  14. 2022Synthetic Data in Human Analysis: A Surveycited by 28
  15. 2023Towards Universal Image Embeddings: A Large-Scale Dataset and Challenge for Generic Image Representationscited by 28
  16. 2021About Face: A Survey of Facial Recognition Evaluationcited by 27
  17. 2021Face.evoLVe: A High-Performance Face Recognition Librarycited by 26
  18. 2023Overconfidence is a Dangerous Thing: Mitigating Membership Inference Attacks by Enforcing Less Confident Predictioncited by 26
  19. 2021This Person (Probably) Exists. Identity Membership Attacks Against GAN Generated Facescited by 25
  20. 2021End2End Occluded Face Recognition by Masking Corrupted Featurescited by 24
  21. 2021Federated Learning for Face Recognition with Gradient Correctioncited by 24
  22. 2022Learning Gait Representation from Massive Unlabelled Walking Videos: A Benchmarkcited by 24
  23. 2021SphereFace Revived: Unifying Hyperspherical Face Recognitioncited by 23
  24. 2022Teaching Where to Look: Attention Similarity Knowledge Distillation for Low Resolution Face Recognitioncited by 22
  25. 2023TransFace++: Rethinking the Face Recognition Paradigm with a Focus on Accuracy, Efficiency, and Securitycited by 22
  26. 2021Structure-Aware Face Clustering on a Large-Scale Graph with bf107 Nodescited by 21
  27. 2022SFace: Sigmoid-Constrained Hypersphere Loss for Robust Face Recognitioncited by 21
  28. 2022Open Long-Tailed Recognition in a Dynamic Worldcited by 21
  29. 2023Physical Adversarial Attacks For Camera-based Smart Systems: Current Trends, Categorization, Applications, Research Challenges, and Future Outlookcited by 20
  30. 2024Test-Time Domain Generalization for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 20
  31. 2021TypeNet: Deep Learning Keystroke Biometricscited by 19
  32. 2022Evaluation-oriented Knowledge Distillation for Deep Face Recognitioncited by 19
  33. 2022Part-based Face Recognition with Vision Transformerscited by 18
  34. 2023Neuromorphic Event-based Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 18
  35. 2023Ethical Considerations for Responsible Data Curationcited by 17
  36. 2023SynthASpoof: Developing Face Presentation Attack Detection Based on Privacy-friendly Synthetic Datacited by 17
  37. 2021On Recognizing Occluded Faces in the Wildcited by 15
  38. 2023Physical Adversarial Attacks for Surveillance: A Surveycited by 15

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