Best-Arm Identification in Linear Bandits
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Abstract (arXiv)
We study the best-arm identification problem in linear bandit, where the rewards of the arms depend linearly on an unknown parameter θ^* and the objective is to return the arm with the largest reward. We characterize the complexity of the problem and introduce sample allocation strategies that pull arms to identify the best arm with a fixed confidence, while minimizing the sample budget. In particular, we show the importance of exploiting the global linear structure to improve the estimate of the reward of near-optimal arms. We analyze the proposed strategies and compare their empirical performance. Finally, as a by-product of our analysis, we point out the connection to the G-optimality criterion used in optimal experimental design.
Key facts. Cited by 100 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 22 Sep 2014.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 22; 2022: 17; 2023: 18; 2024: 14; 2025: 13; 2026: 16.
100 papers.
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- 2023Principled Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback from Pairwise or K-wise Comparisonscited by 247
- 2021High-Dimensional Experimental Design and Kernel Banditscited by 56
- 2024Efficient Prompt Optimization Through the Lens of Best Arm Identificationcited by 37
- 2022Instance-Dependent Near-Optimal Policy Identification in Linear MDPs via Online Experiment Designcited by 33
- 2022Contextual Bandits with Large Action Spaces: Made Practicalcited by 33
- 2021Minimax Optimal Fixed-Budget Best Arm Identification in Linear Banditscited by 32
- 2023Active learning for data streams: a surveycited by 29
- 2023On the Sublinear Regret of GP-UCBcited by 26
- 2021Best Arm Identification with Safety Constraintscited by 25
- 2022Revisiting Simple Regret: Fast Rates for Returning a Good Armcited by 25
- 2024Optimal Design for Reward Modeling in RLHFcited by 25
- 2021Fixed-Budget Best-Arm Identification in Structured Banditscited by 22
38 more
- 2021Design of Experiments for Stochastic Contextual Linear Banditscited by 18
- 2021Nearly Optimal Algorithms for Level Set Estimationcited by 17
- 2022PopArt: Efficient Sparse Regression and Experimental Design for Optimal Sparse Linear Banditscited by 17
- 2024Optimal Design for Human Preference Elicitationcited by 17
- 2022Active Learning with Safety Constraintscited by 16
- 2022Instance-optimal PAC Algorithms for Contextual Banditscited by 16
- 2021Improved Algorithms for Agnostic Pool-based Active Classificationcited by 15
- 2022Optimal Clustering with Bandit Feedbackcited by 15
- 2021Uniform-PAC Bounds for Reinforcement Learning with Linear Function Approximationcited by 14
- 2021Pure Exploration in Kernel and Neural Banditscited by 13
- 2021Collaborative Pure Exploration in Kernel Banditcited by 13
- 2022Bayesian Fixed-Budget Best-Arm Identificationcited by 13
- 2021Dealing With Misspecification In Fixed-Confidence Linear Top-m Identificationcited by 12
- 2021Top-m identification for linear banditscited by 11
- 2022Variance-Aware Sparse Linear Banditscited by 11
- 2022Interactively Learning Preference Constraints in Linear Banditscited by 11
- 2023Additive Causal Bandits with Unknown Graphcited by 10
- 2024Efficient Low-Rank Matrix Estimation, Experimental Design, and Arm-Set-Dependent Low-Rank Banditscited by 10
- 2021A Map of Bandits for E-commercecited by 9
- 2022Exploration in Linear Bandits with Rich Action Sets and its Implications for Inferencecited by 9
- 2021The Role of Contextual Information in Best Arm Identificationcited by 8
- 2021Best-Arm Identification in Correlated Multi-Armed Banditscited by 8
- 2021Breaking the Moments Condition Barrier: No-Regret Algorithm for Bandits with Super Heavy-Tailed Payoffscited by 8
- 2022On Elimination Strategies for Bandit Fixed-Confidence Identificationcited by 8
- 2021Diffusion Approximations for a Class of Sequential Testing Problemscited by 7
- 2022Contextual Bandits in a Survey Experiment on Charitable Giving: Within-Experiment Outcomes versus Policy Learningcited by 7
- 2022Near-optimal Policy Identification in Active Reinforcement Learningcited by 7
- 2024Transition Constrained Bayesian Optimization via Markov Decision Processescited by 7
- 2021Selective Sampling for Online Best-arm Identificationcited by 6
- 2023Multi-task Representation Learning for Pure Exploration in Linear Banditscited by 6
- 2023Fixed-Budget Best-Arm Identification with Heterogeneous Reward Variancescited by 6
- 2023On the Complexity of Differentially Private Best-Arm Identification with Fixed Confidencecited by 6
- 2023Pure Exploration in Asynchronous Federated Banditscited by 6
- 2021Maximizing and Satisficing in Multi-armed Bandits with Graph Informationcited by 5
- 2023Learning the Pareto Front Using Bootstrapped Observation Samplescited by 5
- 2023Multi-task Representation Learning for Pure Exploration in Bilinear Banditscited by 5
- 2024Experiment Planning with Function Approximationcited by 5
- 2024Preference-based Pure Explorationcited by 5
50 most cited of 100 All 100 (JSON)
- 2026When More Objectives Make Identification Easier: The Role of Preferences and Feedback13 Oct 2026
- 2026Sampling Allocation of LinUCB: Optimal Design Limits in the Small-Gap Regime5 Oct 2026
- 2026Gap Entropy and Almost Instance-Wise Optimal Best-Arm Identification12 Sep 2026
- 2026The Price of Decentralization in Top-K Arm Identification22 Aug 2026
- 2026Quantum Multi-Armed Bandits and Linear Bandits: Lower Bounds and Algorithms14 Aug 2026
- 2026MESHA: Mechanism-Enforced Sequential Halving for Strategic Linear Bandits16 Jul 2026
- 2026Best-Arm Identification with Generative Proxy8 Jul 2026
- 2026Anytime-valid Optimal Policy Identification16 Jun 2026
- 2026Pointwise Complexity for Gaussian Fields: Upper Envelopes, Algorithmic Lower Bounds, and Separation6 Jun 2026
- 2026Optimal Design for Multinomial Logit Model with Applications to Best Assortment Identification25 May 2026
- 2026Active Learning for Stochastic Contextual Linear Bandits24 May 2026
- 2026Best Arm Identification in Generalized Linear Bandits via Hybrid Feedback7 May 2026
38 more
- 2026Nearly Optimal Best Arm Identification for Semiparametric Bandits5 Apr 2026
- 2026ALMAB-DC: Active Learning, Multi-Armed Bandits, and Distributed Computing for Sequential Experimental Design and Black-Box Optimization22 Mar 2026
- 2026On The Complexity of Best-Arm Identification in Non-Stationary Linear Bandits11 Mar 2026
- 2026Nearly Optimal Active Preference Learning and Its Application to LLM Alignment2 Feb 2026
- 2025Pure Exploration via Frank-Wolfe Self-Play24 Sep 2025
- 2025FraPPE: Fast and Efficient Preference-based Pure Exploration22 Aug 2025
- 2025Bandit Pareto Set Identification in a Multi-Output Linear Model6 Jul 2025
- 2025Service Placement in Small Cell Networks Using Distributed Best Arm Identification in Linear Bandits22 Jun 2025
- 2025Adaptive Data Augmentation for Thompson Sampling17 Jun 2025
- 2025Experimental Design for Semiparametric Bandits16 Jun 2025
- 2025Revisiting Clustering of Neural Bandits: Selective Reinitialization for Mitigating Loss of Plasticity14 Jun 2025
- 2025Optimal Best-Arm Identification under Fixed Confidence with Multiple Optima21 May 2025
- 2025Policy Testing in Markov Decision Processes21 May 2025
- 2025Augmenting Online RL with Offline Data is All You Need: A Unified Hybrid RL Algorithm Design and Analysis19 May 2025
- 2025Cost-Aware Optimal Pairwise Pure Exploration10 Mar 2025
- 2025Linear Bandits with Partially Observable Features10 Feb 2025
- 2025Breaking the log(1/Delta2) Barrier: Better Batched Best Arm Identification with Adaptive Grids29 Jan 2025
- 2024Preference-based Pure Exploration4 Dec 2024
- 2024Near Optimal Pure Exploration in Logistic Bandits28 Oct 2024
- 2024Optimal Design for Reward Modeling in RLHF22 Oct 2024
- 2024Linear Submodular Maximization with Bandit Feedback2 Jul 2024
- 2024Optimal Design for Human Preference Elicitation22 Apr 2024
- 2024LinearAPT: An Adaptive Algorithm for the Fixed-Budget Thresholding Linear Bandit Problem10 Mar 2024
- 2024Statistical curriculum learning: An elimination algorithm achieving an oracle risk20 Feb 2024
- 2024Efficient Low-Rank Matrix Estimation, Experimental Design, and Arm-Set-Dependent Low-Rank Bandits17 Feb 2024
- 2024Efficient Prompt Optimization Through the Lens of Best Arm Identification15 Feb 2024
- 2024Transition Constrained Bayesian Optimization via Markov Decision Processes13 Feb 2024
- 2024Optimal Thresholding Linear Bandit11 Feb 2024
- 2024Adaptive Experiment Design with Synthetic Controls30 Jan 2024
- 2024Fixed-Budget Differentially Private Best Arm Identification17 Jan 2024
- 2024Experiment Planning with Function Approximation10 Jan 2024
- 2023Robust Best-arm Identification in Linear Bandits8 Nov 2023
- 2023Fixed-Budget Best-Arm Identification in Sparse Linear Bandits1 Nov 2023
- 2023Multi-task Representation Learning for Pure Exploration in Bilinear Bandits1 Nov 2023
- 2023Efficient and Interpretable Bandit Algorithms23 Oct 2023
- 2023Pure Exploration in Asynchronous Federated Bandits17 Oct 2023
- 2023Optimal Exploration is no harder than Thompson Sampling9 Oct 2023
- 2023Price of Safety in Linear Best Arm Identification15 Sep 2023
50 newest of 100 All 100 (JSON)
- 2023Principled Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback from Pairwise or K-wise Comparisonscited by 247
- 2024Optimal Design for Reward Modeling in RLHFcited by 25
- 2021Pure Exploration with Structured Preference Feedbackcited by 1
- 2026Nearly Optimal Active Preference Learning and Its Application to LLM Alignmentcited by 0
- 2026Nearly Optimal Active Preference Learning and Its Application to LLM Alignment2 Feb 2026
- 2024Optimal Design for Reward Modeling in RLHF22 Oct 2024
- 2023Principled Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback from Pairwise or K-wise Comparisons26 Jan 2023
- 2021Pure Exploration with Structured Preference Feedback12 Apr 2021
- 2021High-Dimensional Experimental Design and Kernel Banditscited by 56
- 2024Efficient Prompt Optimization Through the Lens of Best Arm Identificationcited by 37
- 2022Instance-Dependent Near-Optimal Policy Identification in Linear MDPs via Online Experiment Designcited by 33
- 2022Contextual Bandits with Large Action Spaces: Made Practicalcited by 33
- 2021Minimax Optimal Fixed-Budget Best Arm Identification in Linear Banditscited by 32
- 2023Active learning for data streams: a surveycited by 29
- 2023On the Sublinear Regret of GP-UCBcited by 26
- 2021Best Arm Identification with Safety Constraintscited by 25
- 2022Revisiting Simple Regret: Fast Rates for Returning a Good Armcited by 25
- 2021Fixed-Budget Best-Arm Identification in Structured Banditscited by 22
- 2021Design of Experiments for Stochastic Contextual Linear Banditscited by 18
- 2021Nearly Optimal Algorithms for Level Set Estimationcited by 17
12 most cited of 96 All 96 (JSON)
- 2026When More Objectives Make Identification Easier: The Role of Preferences and Feedback13 Oct 2026
- 2026Sampling Allocation of LinUCB: Optimal Design Limits in the Small-Gap Regime5 Oct 2026
- 2026Gap Entropy and Almost Instance-Wise Optimal Best-Arm Identification12 Sep 2026
- 2026The Price of Decentralization in Top-K Arm Identification22 Aug 2026
- 2026Quantum Multi-Armed Bandits and Linear Bandits: Lower Bounds and Algorithms14 Aug 2026
- 2026MESHA: Mechanism-Enforced Sequential Halving for Strategic Linear Bandits16 Jul 2026
- 2026Best-Arm Identification with Generative Proxy8 Jul 2026
- 2026Anytime-valid Optimal Policy Identification16 Jun 2026
- 2026Pointwise Complexity for Gaussian Fields: Upper Envelopes, Algorithmic Lower Bounds, and Separation6 Jun 2026
- 2026Optimal Design for Multinomial Logit Model with Applications to Best Assortment Identification25 May 2026
- 2026Active Learning for Stochastic Contextual Linear Bandits24 May 2026
- 2026Best Arm Identification in Generalized Linear Bandits via Hybrid Feedback7 May 2026
12 newest of 96 All 96 (JSON)