WorldArena: A Unified Benchmark for Evaluating Perception and Functional Utility of Embodied World Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
While world models have emerged as a cornerstone of embodied intelligence by enabling agents to reason about environmental dynamics through action-conditioned prediction, their evaluation remains fragmented. Current evaluation of embodied world models has largely focused on perceptual fidelity (e.g., video generation quality), overlooking the functional utility of these models in downstream decision-making tasks. In this work, we introduce WorldArena, a unified benchmark designed to systematically evaluate embodied world models across both perceptual and functional dimensions. WorldArena assesses models through three dimensions: video perception quality, measured with 16 metrics across six sub-dimensions; embodied task functionality, which evaluates world models as data engines, policy evaluators, and action planners integrating with subjective human evaluation. Furthermore, we propose EWMScore, a holistic metric integrating multi-dimensional performance into a single interpretable index. Through extensive experiments on 14 representative models, we reveal a significant perception-functionality gap, showing that high visual quality does not necessarily translate into strong embodied task capability. WorldArena benchmark with the public leaderboard is released at https://world-arena.ai, providing a framework for tracking progress toward truly functional world models in embodied AI.
Key facts. Cited by 68 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in World models for navigation, one of 11 directions in World models. Builds on 43 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 9 Feb 2026.
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43 of 47 references.
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- 2026Wow, wo, val! A Comprehensive Embodied World Model Evaluation Turing Test7 Jan
- 2025A Survey: Learning Embodied Intelligence from Physical Simulators and World Models1 Jul
Other references · 41
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 68.
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- 2026Motubrain: An Advanced World Action Model for Robot Controlcited by 54
- 2026World Model for Robot Learning: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 42
- 2026WBench: A Comprehensive Multi-turn Benchmark for Interactive Video World Model Evaluationcited by 34
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- 2026WorldRoamBench: An Open-World Benchmark for Long-Horizon Stability of Interactive World Modelscited by 8
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- 2026DreamX-Phi 1.0: Action-Conditioned Video World Model for Robotic Manipulationcited by 3
- 2026HarnessEval-W: Agentifying the Evaluation of Visual Worldscited by 3
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- 2026Worldscape-MoE: A Unified Mixture-of-Experts World Model for Scalable Heterogeneous Action Controlcited by 2
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- 2026Do Robotic World Models Really Follow Actions? Diagnosing and Aligning Action-Conditioned Generation for Policy Learningcited by 0
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- 2026DreamTrue: Action-Faithful Robot World Model with Counterfactual Post-Training8 Oct 2026
- 2026STRIKE: Learning Visual State Transitions for Physical World Modeling7 Oct 2026
- 2026Supervise What Decides Success: Criterion-Aligned Auxiliary Losses for Latent World-Model Planning1 Oct 2026
- 2026FutureWorlds: Learning Robotic World Models from Alternative Futures1 Oct 2026
- 2026CtrlWAM: Controllable World Action Models with Aligned Intent and Foresight1 Oct 2026
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- 2026VehDyn: A Driving World Model Benchmark for Vehicle Dynamics27 Sep 2026
- 2026DyMD: Preserving Interaction Dynamics through Distribution Matching Distillation in Few-Step Video World Models25 Sep 2026
- 2026TriWorldBench: A Tri-View Consistency Perspective on Embodied World Models22 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond Visual Quality: A Study of Test-Time Planning with World Action Models21 Sep 2026
- 2026HappyWorld-Bench21 Sep 2026
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- 2026ESG: Generating Physically Consistent Dynamic 3D Scenes from Text Descriptions14 Sep 2026
- 2026World-Action Models for Robot Learning and Control: A Survey13 Sep 2026
- 2026MindTopo: Can Foundation Models Reason in Topological Space?10 Sep 2026
- 2026GE-Act 2.0: Pretraining and Scaling a World-Action Model for Robotic Manipulation4 Sep 2026
- 2026IMPACT: Attention Is the Interaction Map for Scalable Interaction-Aware World Model Training31 Aug 2026
- 2026Do World Models Make Better Robots? A Survey of Evaluation Benchmarks for Predictive Embodied Intelligence30 Aug 2026
- 2026RoboPhys-3D: A Comprehensive Embodied World Model Evaluation via 3D Reconstruction28 Aug 2026
- 2026WALL-SS: Scaling Long-horizon World Models via Next-Scale Autoregression26 Aug 2026
- 2026Do Robotic World Models Really Follow Actions? Diagnosing and Aligning Action-Conditioned Generation for Policy Learning25 Aug 2026
- 2026HarnessEval-W: Agentifying the Evaluation of Visual Worlds17 Aug 2026
- 2026DreamX-Phi 1.0: Action-Conditioned Video World Model for Robotic Manipulation13 Aug 2026
- 2026GDLAM: Group-Disentangled Latent Action Model for Highly Disentangled Embodied Pretraining10 Aug 2026
- 2026verdi: retrieval is not transfer for continual world model optimization10 Aug 2026
- 2026WorldSimProbe: Diagnosing Simulator Faithfulness in Action-Conditioned World Models for Embodied Manipulation10 Aug 2026
- 2026GeniWorld: A Generalizable Interactive World Model for Robotic Manipulation via Visual Actions6 Aug 2026
- 2026XEWorld: Can Action-Conditioned World Models Generalize to Unseen Robot Embodiments?6 Aug 2026
- 2026LAWM-3D: Learning 3D-Aware Latent Actions from Human Videos for Generalizable Robot World Models6 Aug 2026
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- 2026SelfWAM: A Self-Grounded Unified World Action Model for Fast Robot Control1 Aug 2026
- 2026BWM: A Low-Cost High-Fidelity World Simulator for Robot Learning31 Jul 2026
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- 2026FlowWAM: Optical Flow as a Unified Action Representation for World Action Models14 Jul 2026
- 2026UniVR: Thinking in Visual Space for Unified Visual Reasoning14 Jul 2026
- 2026Xiaomi-Robotics-U0: Unified Embodied Synthesis with World Foundation Model13 Jul 2026
- 2026A Definition and Roadmap for World Models7 Jul 2026
- 2026Worldscape-MoE: A Unified Mixture-of-Experts World Model for Scalable Heterogeneous Action Control4 Jul 2026
- 2026GigaWorld-1: A Roadmap to Build World Models for Robot Policy Evaluation2 Jul 2026
- 2026WorldRoamBench: An Open-World Benchmark for Long-Horizon Stability of Interactive World Models30 Jun 2026
- 2026PhysisForcing: Physics Reinforced World Simulator for Robotic Manipulation26 Jun 2026
- 2026EO-WM: A Physically Informed World Model for Probabilistic Earth Observation Forecasting25 Jun 2026
- 2026PAIWorld: A 3D-Consistent World Foundation Model for Robotic Manipulation16 Jun 2026
- 2026How Should World Models Be Evaluated for Embodied Decision-Making? A Decision-Making-Centric Position13 Jun 2026
- 2026WorldOlympiad: Can Your World Model Survive a Triathlon?9 Jun 2026
- 2026What Makes Video World Model Latents Action-Relevant: Prediction over Reconstruction5 Jun 2026
- 2026WALL-WM: Carving World Action Modeling at the Event Joints1 Jun 2026
- 2026Towards Interactive Video World Modeling: Frontiers, Challenges, Benchmarks, and Future Trends31 May 2026
50 newest of 68 All 68 (JSON)
- 2026Motubrain: An Advanced World Action Model for Robot Controlcited by 54
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- 2026WBench: A Comprehensive Multi-turn Benchmark for Interactive Video World Model Evaluationcited by 34
- 2026Reconstruction or Semantics? What Makes a Latent Space Useful for Robotic World Modelscited by 21
- 2026RoboWM-Bench: A Benchmark for Evaluating World Models in Robotic Manipulationcited by 15
- 2026iWorld-Bench: A Benchmark for Interactive World Models with a Unified Action Generation Frameworkcited by 14
- 2026WALL-WM: Carving World Action Modeling at the Event Jointscited by 14
- 2026World Action Verifier: Self-Improving World Models via Forward-Inverse Asymmetrycited by 13
- 2026SCOPE: Simulating Cross-game Operations in Playable Environments for FPS World Modelscited by 12
- 2026STARRY: Spatial-Temporal Action-Centric World Modeling for Robotic Manipulationcited by 10
- 2026GigaWorld-1: A Roadmap to Build World Models for Robot Policy Evaluationcited by 10
- 2026FlowWAM: Optical Flow as a Unified Action Representation for World Action Modelscited by 10
12 most cited of 61 All 61 (JSON)
- 2026STRIKE: Learning Visual State Transitions for Physical World Modeling7 Oct 2026
- 2026Supervise What Decides Success: Criterion-Aligned Auxiliary Losses for Latent World-Model Planning1 Oct 2026
- 2026FutureWorlds: Learning Robotic World Models from Alternative Futures1 Oct 2026
- 2026CtrlWAM: Controllable World Action Models with Aligned Intent and Foresight1 Oct 2026
- 2026RoboCoach: World Models as Active Coaches for Compositional Robot Skills30 Sep 2026
- 2026VehDyn: A Driving World Model Benchmark for Vehicle Dynamics27 Sep 2026
- 2026DyMD: Preserving Interaction Dynamics through Distribution Matching Distillation in Few-Step Video World Models25 Sep 2026
- 2026TriWorldBench: A Tri-View Consistency Perspective on Embodied World Models22 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond Visual Quality: A Study of Test-Time Planning with World Action Models21 Sep 2026
- 2026HappyWorld-Bench21 Sep 2026
- 2026DexTouch-WM: Learning Action-Conditioned Tactile World Models from Human Touch for Dexterous Robot Manipulation17 Sep 2026
- 2026StrucPhysVideo: Learning Physical Dynamics from Structured Captions and Robot Actions16 Sep 2026
12 newest of 61 All 61 (JSON)
- 2026Pelican-Unify 1.0: A Unified Embodied Intelligence Model for Understanding, Reasoning, Imagination and Actioncited by 7
- 2026PhysisForcing: Physics Reinforced World Simulator for Robotic Manipulationcited by 7
- 2026ESG: Generating Physically Consistent Dynamic 3D Scenes from Text Descriptionscited by 0
- 2026DreamTrue: Action-Faithful Robot World Model with Counterfactual Post-Trainingcited by 0
- 2026DreamTrue: Action-Faithful Robot World Model with Counterfactual Post-Training8 Oct 2026
- 2026ESG: Generating Physically Consistent Dynamic 3D Scenes from Text Descriptions14 Sep 2026
- 2026PhysisForcing: Physics Reinforced World Simulator for Robotic Manipulation26 Jun 2026
- 2026Pelican-Unify 1.0: A Unified Embodied Intelligence Model for Understanding, Reasoning, Imagination and Action14 May 2026
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