Beyond FVD: Enhanced Evaluation Metrics for Video Generation Quality
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Abstract (arXiv)
The Fr'echet Video Distance (FVD) is a widely adopted metric for evaluating video generation distribution quality. However, its effectiveness relies on critical assumptions. Our analysis reveals three significant limitations: (1) the non-Gaussianity of the Inflated 3D Convnet (I3D) feature space; (2) the insensitivity of I3D features to temporal distortions; (3) the impractical sample sizes required for reliable estimation. These findings undermine FVD's reliability and show that FVD falls short as a standalone metric for video generation evaluation. After extensive analysis of a wide range of metrics and backbone architectures, we propose JEDi, the JEPA Embedding Distance, based on features derived from a Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture, measured using Maximum Mean Discrepancy with polynomial kernel. Our experiments on multiple open-source datasets show clear evidence that it is a superior alternative to the widely used FVD metric, requiring only 16% of the samples to reach its steady value, while increasing alignment with human evaluation by 34%, on average.
Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 35 of its 77 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 Oct 2024.
Builds on
35 of 77 references.
References · 35
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 8; 2026: 12.
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- 2026SCOPE: Simulating Cross-game Operations in Playable Environments for FPS World Models22 May 2026
- 2026WorldArena: A Unified Benchmark for Evaluating Perception and Functional Utility of Embodied World Models9 Feb 2026
- 2024Mobile Video Diffusioncited by 18
- 2024AKiRa: Augmentation Kit on Rays for optical video generationcited by 18
- 2025Low-Bit, High-Fidelity: Optimal Transport Quantization for Flow Matchingcited by 0
- 2025Physics-Guided Diffusion Priors for Multi-Slice Reconstruction in Scientific Imagingcited by 0
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- 2026SlotDiT: Object-Centric Representations for Diffusion Transformers15 Sep 2026
- 2025Physics-Guided Diffusion Priors for Multi-Slice Reconstruction in Scientific Imaging7 Dec 2025
- 2025Low-Bit, High-Fidelity: Optimal Transport Quantization for Flow Matching14 Nov 2025
- 2024AKiRa: Augmentation Kit on Rays for optical video generation18 Dec 2024
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- 2025Direct Motion Models for Assessing Generated Videoscited by 10
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- 2025Evaluating Text-to-Image and Text-to-Video Synthesis with a Conditional Fr'echet Distancecited by 0
- 2026Measuring 3D Spatial Geometric Consistency in Dynamic Video Generation19 Mar 2026
- 2026ConsID-Gen: View-Consistent and Identity-Preserving Image-to-Video Generation10 Feb 2026
- 2025What Drives Compositional Generalization in Visual Generative Models? The Importance of Continuous Training Objectives3 Oct 2025
- 2025Direct Motion Models for Assessing Generated Videos30 Apr 2025
- 2025Towards Efficient Real-Time Video Motion Transfer via Generative Time Series Modeling7 Apr 2025
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