mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Towards High Fidelity Face Relighting with Realistic Shadows

arXiv 2104.00825 ↗First posted 2 Apr 2021cs.CVcited by 42

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Abstract (arXiv)

Existing face relighting methods often struggle with two problems: maintaining the local facial details of the subject and accurately removing and synthesizing shadows in the relit image, especially hard shadows. We propose a novel deep face relighting method that addresses both problems. Our method learns to predict the ratio (quotient) image between a source image and the target image with the desired lighting, allowing us to relight the image while maintaining the local facial details. During training, our model also learns to accurately modify shadows by using estimated shadow masks to emphasize on the high-contrast shadow borders. Furthermore, we introduce a method to use the shadow mask to estimate the ambient light intensity in an image, and are thus able to leverage multiple datasets during training with different global lighting intensities. With quantitative and qualitative evaluations on the Multi-PIE and FFHQ datasets, we demonstrate that our proposed method faithfully maintains the local facial details of the subject and can accurately handle hard shadows while achieving state-of-the-art face relighting performance.

Key facts. Cited by 42 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 16 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 2 Apr 2021.

Builds on

16 of 43 references.

References · 16

  1. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
  2. 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,986
  3. 2017Deep Photo Style Transfercited by 168
  4. 2017MoFA: Model-based Deep Convolutional Face Autoencoder for Unsupervised Monocular Reconstructioncited by 163
  5. 2018Nonlinear 3D Face Morphable Modelcited by 157
  6. 2019Single Image Portrait Relightingcited by 152
  7. 2018Face Alignment in Full Pose Range: A 3D Total Solutioncited by 147
  8. 2018A Closed-form Solution to Photorealistic Image Stylizationcited by 133
  9. 2017SfSNet: Learning Shape, Reflectance and Illuminance of Faces in the Wildcited by 110
  10. 2018Unsupervised Training for 3D Morphable Model Regressioncited by 99
  11. 2019Towards High-fidelity Nonlinear 3D Face Morphable Modelcited by 91
  12. 2019Learning Physics-guided Face Relighting under Directional Lightcited by 90
4 more
  1. 2017Neural Face Editing with Intrinsic Image Disentanglingcited by 70
  2. 2018On Learning 3D Face Morphable Model from In-the-wild Imagescited by 54
  3. 2020Towards High-Fidelity 3D Face Reconstruction from In-the-Wild Images Using Graph Convolutional Networkscited by 51
  4. 2020Portrait Shadow Manipulationcited by 42

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 4; 2022: 8; 2023: 6; 2024: 11; 2025: 8; 2026: 5.

42 papers.

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  1. 2022Learning to Relight Portrait Images via a Virtual Light Stage and Synthetic-to-Real Adaptationcited by 67
  2. 2024SwitchLight: Co-design of Physics-driven Architecture and Pre-training Framework for Human Portrait Relightingcited by 66
  3. 2022Face Relighting with Geometrically Consistent Shadowscited by 43
  4. 2025LBM: Latent Bridge Matching for Fast Image-to-Image Translationcited by 36
  5. 2022Geometry-aware Single-image Full-body Human Relightingcited by 34
  6. 2024Holo-Relighting: Controllable Volumetric Portrait Relighting from a Single Imagecited by 32
  7. 2022De-rendering 3D Objects in the Wildcited by 31
  8. 2022SunStage: Portrait Reconstruction and Relighting using the Sun as a Light Stagecited by 30
  9. 2025Lux Post Facto: Learning Portrait Performance Relighting with Conditional Video Diffusion and a Hybrid Datasetcited by 28
  10. 2021MOST-GAN: 3D Morphable StyleGAN for Disentangled Face Image Manipulationcited by 24
  11. 2024Towards Generalizable Multi-Object Trackingcited by 22
  12. 2023RelightableHands: Efficient Neural Relighting of Articulated Hand Modelscited by 21
30 more
  1. 2024URHand: Universal Relightable Handscited by 17
  2. 2021Adversarial Relighting Against Face Recognitioncited by 16
  3. 2023DiFaReli++: Diffusion Face Relighting with Consistent Cast Shadowscited by 14
  4. 2023ReliTalk: Relightable Talking Portrait Generation from a Single Videocited by 12
  5. 2025Comprehensive Relighting: Generalizable and Consistent Monocular Human Relighting and Harmonizationcited by 12
  6. 2022BareSkinNet: De-makeup and De-lighting via 3D Face Reconstructioncited by 10
  7. 2024Generative Portrait Shadow Removalcited by 10
  8. 2025High-Fidelity Relightable Monocular Portrait Animation with Lighting-Controllable Video Diffusion Modelcited by 8
  9. 2023Personalized Video Relighting With an At-Home Light Stagecited by 7
  10. 2024Text2Relight: Creative Portrait Relighting with Text Guidancecited by 7
  11. 2024COMPOSE: Comprehensive Portrait Shadow Editingcited by 6
  12. 2024Unveiling Deep Shadows: A Survey and Benchmark on Image and Video Shadow Detection, Removal, and Generation in the Deep Learning Eracited by 6
  13. 2025Parametric Shadow Control for Portrait Generation in Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5
  14. 2021Controllable Data Augmentation Through Deep Relightingcited by 4
  15. 2022Deep Portrait Delightingcited by 4
  16. 2023JoIN: Joint GANs Inversion for Intrinsic Image Decompositioncited by 4
  17. 2024LumiSculpt: Enabling Consistent Portrait Lighting in Video Generationcited by 3
  18. 2024All-frequency Full-body Human Image Relightingcited by 3
  19. 2025Towards Consistent and Controllable Image Synthesis for Face Editingcited by 3
  20. 2026EmoTaG: Emotion-Aware Talking Head Synthesis on Gaussian Splatting with Few-Shot Personalizationcited by 3
  21. 2021Deep Portrait Lighting Enhancement with 3D Guidancecited by 2
  22. 2025Total-Editing: Head Avatar with Editable Appearance, Motion, and Lightingcited by 2
  23. 2022Flexible Portrait Image Editing with Fine-Grained Controlcited by 1
  24. 2024Analyzing and Improving the Skin Tone Consistency and Bias in Implicit 3D Relightable Face Generatorscited by 1
  25. 2023Face Inverse Rendering via Hierarchical Decouplingcited by 0
  26. 2025Using Gaussian Splats to Create High-Fidelity Facial Geometry and Texturecited by 0
  27. 2026Light Up Your Face: A Physically Consistent Dataset and Diffusion Model for Face Fill-Light Enhancementcited by 0
  28. 2026Dual Diffusion Models for Multi-modal Guided 3D Avatar Generationcited by 0
  29. 2026BodyReLux: Temporally Consistent Full-Body Video Relightingcited by 0
  30. 2026HarmoVid: Relightful Video Portrait Harmonizationcited by 0