mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence: Reliable, Safe & Trustworthy

arXiv 2002.04087 ↗First posted 10 Feb 2020cs.HC cs.AIcited by 182

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Cited by 22 in LLM agents and tool use, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

Well-designed technologies that offer high levels of human control and high levels of computer automation can increase human performance, leading to wider adoption. The Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) framework clarifies how to (1) design for high levels of human control and high levels of computer automation so as to increase human performance, (2) understand the situations in which full human control or full computer control are necessary, and (3) avoid the dangers of excessive human control or excessive computer control. The methods of HCAI are more likely to produce designs that are Reliable, Safe & Trustworthy (RST). Achieving these goals will dramatically increase human performance, while supporting human self-efficacy, mastery, creativity, and responsibility.

Key facts. Cited by 182 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 10 Feb 2020.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 8; 2022: 12; 2023: 37; 2024: 28; 2025: 43; 2026: 54.

182 papers.

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  1. 2023User Behavior Simulation with Large Language Model based Agentscited by 136
  2. 2021Expanding Explainability: Towards Social Transparency in AI systemscited by 124
  3. 2023Levels of AGI for Operationalizing Progress on the Path to AGIcited by 94
  4. 2021Beyond Expertise and Roles: A Framework to Characterize the Stakeholders of Interpretable Machine Learning and their Needscited by 64
  5. 2024Design Principles for Generative AI Applicationscited by 57
  6. 2022A Taxonomy of Prompt Modifiers for Text-To-Image Generationcited by 54
  7. 2021Transitioning to human interaction with AI systems: New challenges and opportunities for HCI professionals to enable human-centered AIcited by 38
  8. 2023Charting the Sociotechnical Gap in Explainable AI: A Framework to Address the Gap in XAIcited by 33
  9. 2023A Systematic Literature Review of User Trust in AI-Enabled Systems: An HCI Perspectivecited by 33
  10. 2025Assistance or Disruption? Exploring and Evaluating the Design and Trade-offs of Proactive AI Programming Supportcited by 33
  11. 2022The State of the Art in Enhancing Trust in Machine Learning Models with the Use of Visualizationscited by 29
  12. 2023Aligning Language Models with Human Preferences via a Bayesian Approachcited by 27
38 more
  1. 2024From Lived Experience to Insight: Unpacking the Psychological Risks of Using AI Conversational Agentscited by 25
  2. 2023The AI Ghostwriter Effect: When Users Do Not Perceive Ownership of AI-Generated Text But Self-Declare as Authorscited by 22
  3. 2023ChatGPT: More than a Weapon of Mass Deception, Ethical challenges and responses from the Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) perspectivecited by 22
  4. 2025From Calibration to Collaboration: LLM Uncertainty Quantification Should Be More Human-Centeredcited by 21
  5. 2021How Much Automation Does a Data Scientist Want?cited by 20
  6. 2023Toward General Design Principles for Generative AI Applicationscited by 20
  7. 2021Learning to run a power network with trustcited by 17
  8. 2023User Experience Design Professionals' Perceptions of Generative Artificial Intelligencecited by 16
  9. 2024Keeping Humans in the Loop: Human-Centered Automated Annotation with Generative AIcited by 16
  10. 2023Investigating Practices and Opportunities for Cross-functional Collaboration around AI Fairness in Industry Practicecited by 15
  11. 2023Walking a Tightrope -- Evaluating Large Language Models in High-Risk Domainscited by 15
  12. 2023A Review of the Role of Causality in Developing Trustworthy AI Systemscited by 14
  13. 2023Ethical ChatGPT: Concerns, Challenges, and Commandmentscited by 13
  14. 2025Artificial Intelligence Should Genuinely Support Clinical Reasoning and Decision Making To Bridge the Translational Gapcited by 13
  15. 2025Forgetful but Faithful: A Cognitive Memory Architecture and Benchmark for Privacy-Aware Generative Agentscited by 12
  16. 2024Challenges in Human-Agent Communicationcited by 11
  17. 2025CentaurEval: Benchmarking Human-in-the-Loop Value in Agentic Codingcited by 11
  18. 2023Human-In-the-Loop for Bayesian Autonomous Materials Phase Mappingcited by 10
  19. 2024Generative AI for Requirements Engineering: A Systematic Literature Reviewcited by 10
  20. 2024From Interaction to Impact: Towards Safer AI Agents Through Understanding and Evaluating Mobile UI Operation Impactscited by 10
  21. 2022Towards Responsible AI: A Design Space Exploration of Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence User Interfaces to Investigate Fairnesscited by 9
  22. 2022Human-Centric Research for NLP: Towards a Definition and Guiding Questionscited by 9
  23. 2024The Interplay of Learning, Analytics, and Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Vision for Hybrid Intelligencecited by 9
  24. 2024PromptHive: Bringing Subject Matter Experts Back to the Forefront with Collaborative Prompt Engineering for Educational Content Creationcited by 9
  25. 2025Evolving Roles of LLMs in Scientific Innovation: Assistant, Collaborator, Scientist, and Evaluatorcited by 9
  26. 2024Don't be Fooled: The Misinformation Effect of Explanations in Human-AI Collaborationcited by 8
  27. 2024Unpacking Human-AI interactions: From interaction primitives to a design spacecited by 7
  28. 2024A Survey on Human-AI Collaboration with Large Foundation Modelscited by 7
  29. 2024Trustworthy AI: Securing Sensitive Data in Large Language Modelscited by 7
  30. 2025ScholarMate: A Mixed-Initiative Tool for Qualitative Knowledge Work and Information Sensemakingcited by 7
  31. 2022GRAPHSHAP: Explaining Identity-Aware Graph Classifiers Through the Language of Motifscited by 6
  32. 2025When Should Users Check? Modeling Confirmation Frequency in Multi-Step Agentic AI Taskscited by 6
  33. 2026From Future of Work to Future of Workers: Addressing Asymptomatic AI Harms for Dignified Human-AI Interactioncited by 6
  34. 2026Position: Human-Centric AI Requires a Minimum Viable Level of Human Understandingcited by 6
  35. 2026Human oversight of agentic systems in practice: Examining the oversight work, challenges, and heuristics of developers using software agentscited by 6
  36. 2023Explainable artificial intelligence approaches for brain-computer interfaces: a review and design spacecited by 5
  37. 2024Interrogating AI: Characterizing Emergent Playful Interactions with ChatGPTcited by 5
  38. 2024A New Era in Human Factors Engineering: A Survey of the Applications and Prospects of Large Multimodal Modelscited by 5

50 most cited of 182 All 182 (JSON)