mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

A Survey on Knowledge Graphs: Representation, Acquisition and Applications

arXiv 2002.00388 ↗First posted 2 Feb 2020cs.CL cs.AIcited by 643

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Cited by 30 in Retrieval-augmented generation, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

Human knowledge provides a formal understanding of the world. Knowledge graphs that represent structural relations between entities have become an increasingly popular research direction towards cognition and human-level intelligence. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive review of knowledge graph covering overall research topics about 1) knowledge graph representation learning, 2) knowledge acquisition and completion, 3) temporal knowledge graph, and 4) knowledge-aware applications, and summarize recent breakthroughs and perspective directions to facilitate future research. We propose a full-view categorization and new taxonomies on these topics. Knowledge graph embedding is organized from four aspects of representation space, scoring function, encoding models, and auxiliary information. For knowledge acquisition, especially knowledge graph completion, embedding methods, path inference, and logical rule reasoning, are reviewed. We further explore several emerging topics, including meta relational learning, commonsense reasoning, and temporal knowledge graphs. To facilitate future research on knowledge graphs, we also provide a curated collection of datasets and open-source libraries on different tasks. In the end, we have a thorough outlook on several promising research directions.

Key facts. Cited by 643 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 2 Feb 2020.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 74; 2022: 103; 2023: 138; 2024: 146; 2025: 95; 2026: 87.

643 papers.

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  1. 2023Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmapcited by 663
  2. 2021Graph Self-Supervised Learning: A Surveycited by 289
  3. 2024On LLMs-Driven Synthetic Data Generation, Curation, and Evaluation: A Surveycited by 240
  4. 2023GPT4Graph: Can Large Language Models Understand Graph Structured Data ? An Empirical Evaluation and Benchmarkingcited by 209
  5. 2023Linearity of Relation Decoding in Transformer Language Modelscited by 190
  6. 2022A Review on Language Models as Knowledge Basescited by 156
  7. 2021Graph Learning: A Surveycited by 140
  8. 2021Recent Advances in Deep Learning Based Dialogue Systems: A Systematic Surveycited by 130
  9. 2023Large Models for Time Series and Spatio-Temporal Data: A Survey and Outlookcited by 109
  10. 2022A Survey of Knowledge Graph Reasoning on Graph Types: Static, Dynamic, and Multimodalcited by 106
  11. 2024HybridRAG: Integrating Knowledge Graphs and Vector Retrieval Augmented Generation for Efficient Information Extractioncited by 92
  12. 2021Knowledge Graph Reasoning with Relational Digraphcited by 91
38 more
  1. 2023A Survey of Graph Meets Large Language Model: Progress and Future Directionscited by 84
  2. 2023Graph-ToolFormer: To Empower LLMs with Graph Reasoning Ability via Prompt Augmented by ChatGPTcited by 78
  3. 2022Sequence-to-Sequence Knowledge Graph Completion and Question Answeringcited by 75
  4. 2022Scene Graph Generation: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 73
  5. 2021NodePiece: Compositional and Parameter-Efficient Representations of Large Knowledge Graphscited by 71
  6. 2023Knowledge Graphs: Opportunities and Challengescited by 70
  7. 2024Extract, Define, Canonicalize: An LLM-based Framework for Knowledge Graph Constructioncited by 70
  8. 2023Graph Neural Prompting with Large Language Modelscited by 64
  9. 2026Memory for Autonomous LLM Agents:Mechanisms, Evaluation, and Emerging Frontierscited by 60
  10. 2024Generate-on-Graph: Treat LLM as both Agent and KG in Incomplete Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 59
  11. 2021Anomaly Detection in Dynamic Graphs via Transformercited by 57
  12. 2025Knowledge Graph-Guided Retrieval Augmented Generationcited by 57
  13. 2021GenIE: Generative Information Extractioncited by 53
  14. 2025DeepDive: Advancing Deep Search Agents with Knowledge Graphs and Multi-Turn RLcited by 53
  15. 2023InGram: Inductive Knowledge Graph Embedding via Relation Graphscited by 50
  16. 2022Generative Knowledge Graph Construction: A Reviewcited by 49
  17. 2021Differentially Private Federated Knowledge Graphs Embeddingcited by 45
  18. 2024GUARD: Role-playing to Generate Natural-language Jailbreakings to Test Guideline Adherence of Large Language Modelscited by 44
  19. 2022Knowledge Graph Contrastive Learning Based on Relation-Symmetrical Structurecited by 43
  20. 2023Exploring Large Language Models for Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 43
  21. 2025Advancing Reasoning in Large Language Models: Promising Methods and Approachescited by 43
  22. 2022Knowledge Graph Embedding: A Survey from the Perspective of Representation Spacescited by 41
  23. 2022A Decade of Knowledge Graphs in Natural Language Processing: A Surveycited by 40
  24. 2023Heterogeneous Federated Knowledge Graph Embedding Learning and Unlearningcited by 39
  25. 2024Knowledge Graph Enhanced Large Language Model Editingcited by 38
  26. 2021Relation Prediction as an Auxiliary Training Objective for Improving Multi-Relational Graph Representationscited by 37
  27. 2023Urban Generative Intelligence (UGI): A Foundational Platform for Agents in Embodied City Environmentcited by 37
  28. 2024GLBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Graph with Large Language Modelscited by 36
  29. 2023Evaluating Large Language Models on Graphs: Performance Insights and Comparative Analysiscited by 35
  30. 2024Locating and Editing Factual Associations in Mambacited by 35
  31. 2022Towards Data-and Knowledge-Driven Artificial Intelligence: A Survey on Neuro-Symbolic Computingcited by 34
  32. 2023How Do Large Language Models Capture the Ever-changing World Knowledge? A Review of Recent Advancescited by 33
  33. 2022Knowledge Is Flat: A Seq2Seq Generative Framework for Various Knowledge Graph Completioncited by 32
  34. 2021A Benchmark and Comprehensive Survey on Knowledge Graph Entity Alignment via Representation Learningcited by 31
  35. 2023Temporal and Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network for Financial Time Series Predictioncited by 30
  36. 2024A Survey on Temporal Knowledge Graph: Representation Learning and Applicationscited by 30
  37. 2024Generating Long-form Story Using Dynamic Hierarchical Outlining with Memory-Enhancementcited by 30
  38. 2021Dimensions of Commonsense Knowledgecited by 29

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